Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
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| Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine | |
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| Chemical name | 1-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine |
| Other names | Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine TFMPP |
| Chemical formula | C11H13F3N2 |
| Molecular mass | 230.23 g/mol |
| CAS number | [15532-75-9] |
| Density | ? g/cm3 |
| Melting point | ? °C |
| SMILES | FC(F)(F)C1=CC(N2CCNCC2)=CC=C1 |
| Disclaimer and references | |
Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (or simply TFMPP) is a piperazine-based drug, related to benzylpiperazine.
TFMPP was briefly emergency scheduled in Schedule I in the US, but the scheduling expired in April 2004 and has not been renewed. Therefore, unlike its cousin benzylpiperazine, TFMPP is not currently an illicit drug in the US.
TFMPP acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, in addition to boosting synaptic serotonin levels by blocking serotonin reuptake and increasing its release. Due to the similar mode of action of ecstasy on the serotonin system, a mix of TFMPP and benzylpiperazine is sometimes advertised as a MDMA substitute. The subjective effects of this combination are often described as similar those of ecstasy, although without the empathic element. However the effects of TFMPP are more similar to hallucinogens such as LSD, although much weaker, with the maximal effect being only 40% compared to the strong hallucinogen DOM. [1]
TFMPP has only mild effects when not combined with benzylpiperazine, and produces aversive effects in animals rather than self-administration, which explains the decision not to permanently make TFMPP an illicit drug.
TFMPP has also been previously reported as a metabolite of the analgesic antrafenine. [2]
The dosage commonly used when combined with BZP for "ecstasy-like effects" is between 30 and 100 mg, while higher doses of TFMPP alone cause mildly hallucinogenic effects at around 100 - 250mg, however higher doses can cause a range of side effects including migraine headaches, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting, as well as a come-down syndrome characterised by insomnia, loss of appetite and headache; these side effects tend to discourage abuse of TFMPP.
[edit] Legal issues (outside USA)
Piperazine and salts of piperazine are classified as Prescription Only Medicines in the UK. Any products containing salts of piperazine would be licensable under the Medicines Act and consequently anyone manufacturing and supplying it legally must hold the relevant licences to do so. It is unlikely that this covers TFMPP which is not a salt of piperazine. As of December 3rd 2005, TFMPP is illegal in Denmark. As of March 1 2006, TFMPP is scheduled as a "dangerous substance" in Sweden.
[edit] Related Articles
[edit] References
- ^ Glennon RA, McKenney JD, Young R. Discriminative stimulus properties of the serotonin agonist 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP). Life Sciences. 1984 Oct 1;35(14):1475-80.
- ^ Caccia S, Conti I, Notarnicola A. In-vivo metabolism in the rat and mouse of antrafenine to 1-m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 1985 Jan;37(1):75-7.
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