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[edit] Userboxesetc

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Template:Wordbuilder/UserBox/Wikipedia fake passport

User:Disavian/Userboxes/SF

User:Ashley Y/bigbang User:MiraLuka/User male

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{{User:UBX/heterosexual}}

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{{flagcountry|Scotland|name=Scotland}}
 meninkilts
 Scotland

[edit] How to create a category

Let's say you have thought of a new category you want to place some articles in. To create this new category, go to one of the pages that you wish to put there, and add a category tag naming the new category to the end of the article, like this:

[[category:category name]]

...where in place of "category name" you type the actual name of the category. When you save the page, the category should appear on the bottom line of the page. If the page doesn't exist yet, it will turn up in red. But this doesn't mean there is no such category: it might exist but with a slight difference in naming. Before you create a new category, make sure it doesn't already exist. In a new browser window, click on "Special changes" in the toolbox menu on the left side of your screen. Then click on "All pages". Check the category namespace box, and then enter the name of the category. Look over the index for synonymous categories.

Once you have determined that the category does not exist, click on the redlink you created earlier, and then click on the article creation link provided in the instructions that appear on your screen.

[edit] How to create a flagicon

Goto Wikipedia:WikiProject_Flag_Template page. It gets a little complicated when you want alternative flags, and I must admit that I haven't really figured it out just yet how to create those. The {{flagcountry}} template refers to another template {{Country flagcountry2}} where you can set alternative parameters.

As for the alternative names, you can write {{flagcountry|UK|name=UK}} or {{flagcountry|USA|name=USA}}, which generates an alias name for the country after the flag. If you are looking for a specific template, you can try to go to its country article, write "Template:Country data XX" in the search field and replace XX with the country name, e.g. Template:Country data Canada. Then you get the code for several older flags in the "variants" paragraph. However, not all countries are complete though.

[edit] Delete this!

list of military figures by nickname. This is a list of military figures by nickname. Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The Golden Horseshoes

[edit] 0-9

[edit] A

• "ABC" — Andrew Browne Cunningham, British admiral during World War II
• "Allegheny Johnson" or "Alleghany Johnson" — Edward Johnson, Confederate general
• "Atilla of the American Continent" – William T. Sherman, U.S. Civil War general
• "Auk" – Claude Auchinleck, World War Two British general

[edit] B

• "Bad Old Man" — Jubal Anderson Early, Confederate General
• "Barney" —
  • Clifton W. Flenniken, Jr., U.S. submarine commander
  • William B. Sieglaff, U.S. submarine commander
• "Beetle" — John P. Roach, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Betty" – Harold Stark, World War Two U.S. admiral (after a mistaken pledge)
• "Bird Dog" — D. C. Keeter, U.S. submarine commander
• "Black Knight of the Confederacy" — Turner Ashby, Confederate general
• "Bloody Bill" — William T. Anderson, Confederate guerrilla leader
• "Bomber" — Arthur Harris, British Air Chief Marshal during World War II
• "Boom" – Hugh Trenchard, World War One British air force general (for his loud voice)
• "Boy" – Sir Frederick A. M. Browning, World War Two British airborne general
• "Brad" — Omar Bradley, U.S. general
• "Bub" — Norvell G. Ward, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Bud" — William P. Gruner, Jr., U.S. submarine commander
• "Bull" — William L. Wright, U.S. [[ace] submarine ] commander
• "Butch" (from "butcher") – World War Two Arthur T. Harris, British air force general (affectionately given by his men)
• "Butch" — Orme C. Robbins, U.S. submarine commander
• "Butcher" — Arthur Harris, British Air Chief Marshal during World War II
• "Butcher of the Somme" — Douglas Haig, British field-marshal

[edit] C

• "Chesty" — Lewis B. Puller, United States general
• "Cump" — William Tecumseh Sherman, U.S. general
• "Crow" — Palmer H. Dunbar, Jr., U.S. submarine commander

[edit] D

• "Debby" — Desmond Piers, Canadian admiral
• "Dennis" — Eugene Wilkinson, U.S. submarine officer
• "The Desert Fox" (German: "Wüstenfuchs") — Erwin Rommel, - J. E. Rommel, World War Two German panzer field marshal
• "Dinty" — John R. Moore, U.S. submarine commander
• "Dixie" — Richard M. Farrell, U.S. submarine commander
• "Dizzy" — Gordon B. Rainer, U.S. submarine commander
• "Dugout Doug" – Douglas MacArthur, World War Two U.S. general (perjorative, and untrue)
• "Dutch" — John M. Will, U.S. submarine officer

[edit] E

• "Electric Brain" — Raymond A. Spruance, U.S. admiral
• "Extra Billy" — William Smith, U.S. congressman, Confederate general

[edit] F

• "Father of Blitzkrieg" – Heinz Guderian, World War Two German panzer field marshal
• "Fearless Freddy" — Frederick W. Warder, U.S. ace submarine commander (a nickname he detested)
• "The Fighting Bishop" — Leonidas Polk, Episcopal bishop and Confederate general
• "Fighting Dick" — Richard H. Anderson, Confederate general
• "Fighting Joe" —
  • Joseph Hooker, U.S. general
  • Joseph Wheeler, U.S. military commander
• "The Fighting Quaker" — Smedley Butler, United States general
• "Fritz" — Frederick J. Harlfinger II, U.S. submarine commander
• "Fuel Oil" — Franklin O. Johnsonn, U.S. submarine commander

[edit] G

• "Gentleman Johnny" — John Burgoyne, British general
• "The G.I. General" — Omar Bradley, U.S. general
• "Gin" — Charles W. Styer, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Gnu" — Andrew D. Mayer, U.S. Navy officer^[1]
• "Granny" —
  • Robert E. Lee, Confederate general
  • Elwell Stephen Otis, U.S. general
• "Grumble" — William E. Jones, Confederate general

[edit] H

• "Ham" — Wesley A. Wright, U.S. intelligence offier
• "Hammerhead" — John C. Martin, U.S. submarine commander
• "Hap" — Hyland B. Lyon, U.S. submarine commander
• "Harry Hotspur" — Sir Henry Percy, English soldier and rebel
• "Hell Roaring Jake" — Jacob H. Smith, U.S. general
• "Howling Jake" — Jacob H. Smith, U.S. general
• "Howling Mad" — Holland M. Smith, U.S. Marine Corps general

[edit] I

• "Ike" —
  • Arnold H. Holz, U.S. submarine commander
  • William R. Wilson, U.S. submarine officer
• "Irish" — Edward R. Hannon, U.S. submarine commander

[edit] J

• "Jackie" — John Arbuthnot Fisher, British admiral
• "Jake" — John K. Fyfe, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Joe" — Elton W. Grenfell, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Johnny" – Frederick J. Walker, World War Two British ace ASW destroyer task force commander

[edit] K

[edit] L

• "Lighthorse Harry" — Henry Lee III, U.S. general
• "Little Billy" — William Mahone, Confederate general
  • James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, British military leader during the Crimean War
• "The Little General" – Napoleon Buonaparte, Nineteenth Century French field marshal and Emperor

[edit] M

• "Mad Anthony" — Anthony Wayne, United States geberal
• "Maryland Stuart" — George H. Stewart, Confederate general
• "Mike" — Frank W. Fenno, Jr., U.S. submarine commander
• "Moke" — William J. Millican, U.S. submarine commander
• "The Monster" — Jacob H. Smith, U.S. general
• "Monty" – Bernard Montgomery, World War Two British field marshal
• "Mush" (from "Mushmouth") – Dudley W. Morton, World War Two U.S. ace submarine commander (for his Tennessee drawl)

[edit] N

[edit] O

• "Ol' Blood and Guts" – George S. Patton, Jr., World War Two U.S. general (a nickname he rejected)
• "Old Flintlock" — Roger Hanson, Confederate general
• "Old Gimlet Eye" — Smedley Butler, United States general
• "Old Jubilee" or "Old Jube" — Jubal Anderson Early, Confederate general
• "Old Pap" — Sterling Price, Confederate general
• "Old Rock" — Henry L. Benning, Confederate general
• "Ozzie" — Richard B. Lynch, U.S. submarine officer

[edit] P

• "Papa" – Joseph Joffre, World War One French marechal
• "Pappy" – Greg Boyington, World War Two U.S. Marine Corps fighter ace
• "Pat" — J. Loy Maloney, U.S. submarine commander
• "Pete" —
  • William E. Ferrall, U.S. submarine commander
  • Ignatius J. Galantin, U.S. submarine commander
• "Petit Rouge" (French, "Little Red") — Manfred von Richthofen, German fighter ace
• "Pi" — Herman A. Piczentkowski, U.S. submarine commander
• "Pilly" — Willis A. Lent, U.S. submarine commander
• "Ping" — Theodore S. Wilkinson, U.S. Navy Admiral and commander of ONI
• "Prince John" — John B. Magruder, Confederate general

[edit] Q

[edit] R

• "Rebel" — Vernon L. Lowrance, U.S. ace submarine commander
• "Red" —
  • Walter E. Doyle, U.S. submarine commander
  • Ralph C. Lynch, Jr., U.S. submarine commander
  • Lawson P. Ramage, U.S. ace submarine commander
  • Douglas N. Syverson, U.S. submarine officer
• "The Red Baron" (German: "der Rote Baron") or "The Red Knight" — Manfred von Richthofen, German aviator
• "Red Mike" – Merritt A. Edson, World War Two U.S. commando officer (commanding 2d Marine Raider Bn)
• "Rooney" — William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, Confederate general and U.S. congressman
• "Rosey" — Redfield Mason, U.S. cryptanalyst
• "der rote Kampfflieger" (German, "The Red Battle-flyer") — Manfred von Richthofen, German aviator
• "Rum" — John M. Jones, Confederate general

[edit] S

• "The Saint" — Augustus R. St. Angelo, U.S. submarine officer
• "Sally" — James J. Archer, Confederate general
• "Sandy" — Louis D. McGregor, U.S. submarine commander
• "Savvy" — Leon J. Huffman, U.S. submarine commander
• "Seminole" — Edmund Kirby Smith, Confederate general
• "Shorty" — Charles D. Edmunds, U.S. submarine commander
• "Silent Otto" – Otto Kretschmer, World War Two German ace submarine commander
• "Skinny" — Francis W. Rockwell, U.S. Navy submarine sailor
• "Spike" — Martin P. Hottel, U.S. submarine commander
• "Spud" — Elbert C. Lindon, U.S. submarine commander
• "Steam" — Elliott E. Marshall, U.S. submarine commander
• "Stonewall" — Thomas J. Jackson, Confederate general
• "Stoney" — Clifford H. Roper, U.S. submarine commander
• "Stormin' Norman" — Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., U.S. general (a nickname he disliked)
• "Stuffy" — Hugh Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, commander of Royal Air Force Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain
• "Sunshine" — Stuart S. Murray, U.S. submarine commander
• "The Swamp Fox" — Francis Marion, U.S. general
• "The Swamp Fox of the Confederacy" — M. Jeff Thompson, Confederate general

[edit] T

• "Tenacious" - Tanaka Raizo, World War Two Japanese destroyer admiral (for action in the Solomon Islands)
• "Tex" —
  • Heber H. McLean, U.S. submarine commander
  • Leonard S. Mewhinney, U.S. submarine commander
• "Tiger of Malaya" - Yamashita Tomoyuki, World War Two Japanese general
• "Tiny" — Frank C. Lynch, Jr., U.S. submarine commander

[edit] U

• "Uncle Billy" - William T. Sherman, U.S. Civil War general

[edit] V

[edit] W

• "Weary" — Charles W. Wilkins, U.S. submarine commander

[edit] X

[edit] Y

[edit] Z

[edit] Sources

• Robertson, Terence. The Golden Horseshoe: The Wartime Career of Otto Kretschmer, U-Boat Ace.
• Keegan, John. In the Know. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 2003.
• Stanley, Roy M., II, Colonel, USAF. World War II Photo Intelligence. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1981.
• Brickhill, Paul. The Dam Busters. New York: Ballantine, 1955.
• Barris, Ted. Behind the Glory. Toronto: Macmillan Canada, 1992.
• Hastings, Max. Overlord. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984.
• ________. Bomber Command. New York: Dial Press/James Wade, 1979.
• Faltum, Andrew. The Essex Aircraft Carriers. Charleston, SC: The Nautical & Aviation Publication Company of America, 2000 (third edition)
• Goldstein, Donald M., & Dillon, Katherine V., eds. The Pearl Harbor Papers. McLean, VA: Brassey's (US), 1993.
• Middlebrook, Martin. Convoy. Markham, ON: Penguin Books, 1978 (reprints Allan Lane 1976 edition)
• Saward, Dudley. "Bomber" Harris. London: Buchan & Enright, 1984.
• Jones, Reginald V. Professor. Most Secret War. London: Coronet Books, 1979.
• Price, Alfred, Dr. Aircraft versus the Submarine. London: William Kimber & Co., 1973.
• Johnson, W. E., Air Vice Marshal, RAF. The Story of Air Fighting. London: Hutchinson, 1985.
• Dönitz, Karl, Grossadmiral, translated by Stevens, R. H., & Woodward, David. Memoir: Ten Years & Twenty Days. Cleveland: World Publishing Co, 1959 (reprint 1958 Anthenãum-Verlag, Zehn Jahre und Zwanzig Tage)
• MacArthur, Douglas, General of the Army. Reminiscences. Crest Books/Fawcett, 1965 (reprints 1964 McGraw-Hill edition)
• Alperovitz, Gar. Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb. New York: Vintage Books/Random House, 1996.
• Galland, Adolf, translated by Small, Mervyn. The First & the Last. London: Methuen & Co., 1970 (reprints Die Ersten und Die Letzen, Franz Schneekluth 1953 edition)
• Winter, Denis. First of the Few. London: Allen Lane/Penguin, 1982.
• van der Vat, Dan. The Atlantic Campaign. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
• ___________. The Pacific Campaign. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1992.
• Addington, Larry H., Prof. The Blitzkrieg Era & the German General Staff. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1971.
• Young, Desmond, Brigadier. World Almanac Book of World War II. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1981.
• Dupuy, Trevor N., Johnson, Curt, & Bongard, David L. Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography. New York: Castle Books/HarperCollins Publishers, 1995.
• Edgerton, Robert. Warriors of the Rising Sun. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1997.
• Ito, Masanoru, with Pineau, Roger, translated by Kuroda, Andrew, & Pineau, Roger. The End of the Imperial Japanese Navy. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1962 (translation of 1956 Japanese language Orion edition)
• Stephan, John J. Hawaii under the Rising Sun. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.
• Willmott, H. P. Empires in the Balance. Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute Press, 1982.
• ________. The Barrier and the Javelin. Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute Press, 1983.
• Hart, Sydney. Submarine Upholder. London: Oldbourne Book Co., 1960.
• Mars, Alastair, RN. Unbroken. London: Frederick Muller Ltd., 1953.
• Shenkman, Richard. Legends, Lies, & Cherished Myths of World History. New York: HarperCollins, 1993.
• Dean, Maurice, Sir. The RAF & Two World Wars. London: Cassell, 1979.
• Cowley, Rober, ed. What If?. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1999 (tenth print)
• Seaton, Albert, Colonel, British Army (rtd). The German Army 1939-45. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982.
• Weigley, Russell F. Eisenhower's Lieutenants. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1981.
• Carver, Michael, Field Marshal Sir. The War Lords. Boston: Little Brown, 1976.
• Deighton, Len. Fighter. London: Triad Panther, 1979.
• Lyall, Gavin, ed. The War in the Air. New York: Ballantine, 1972.
• Hayashi, Saburo, & Coox, Alvin D. Kōgun. Quantico, WV: Marine Corps Association, 1959 (reprints Teiheiyo Senso Rikusen Gaishi, Tokyo, 1951)
• Peattie, Mark R., & Evans, David C. Kaigun. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute Press, 1997.
• Liddle, P. H. The Airman's War. Poole, Britain: Blandford, 1987.
• Friedman, Norman. United States Destroyers. London: Arms & Armour Press, 1982.
• ________. United States Aircraft Carriers. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute Press, 1983.
• Smith, Stan. The Destroyermen. New York: Belmont Books, 1986.
• Farago, Ladislas. The Tenth Fleet. New York: Paperback Library, 1972.
• Schultz, Duane. Wake Island. New York: Playboy Press, 1979.
• Humble, Richard. Japanese High Seas Fleet. London: Pan/Ballantine, 1973.
• Macintyre, Donald, Captain, RN. The Encyclopedia of Sea Warfare. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1976.
• Allen, H.R. "Dizzy", Wing Commander, RAF. Who Won the Battle of Britain?. London: Arthur Barker Ltd., 1974.
• Von Der Porten, Edward P. The German Navy in World War II. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1969.
• Gallery, Daniel V., Admiral, USN (rtd). U-505. New York: Paperback Library, 1968 (reprints Twenty Million Tons Under the Sea, 1956).
• Beurling, George F., with Roberts, Leslie. Malta Spitfire. Toronto: Penguin, 2002 (reprints 1943 Farrar & Rinehart edition).
• Tsuji, Masunobu, Colonel, IJA, translated by Lake, Margaret E. Singapore. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1961 (English edition of Shonan)
• Preston, Anthony. Destroyers. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Bison/Prentice-Hall, 1977.
• Holmes, Wilfrid R. "Jasper", USN. Double-Edged Secrets. New York: Berkley, 1981.
• ______. Undersea Victory. New York: Doubleday, 1966.
• Beach, Edward L. "Ned", Captain, USN (rtd). Submarine!. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1952 (reprinted 2003 by United States Naval Institute Press).
• Blair, Clay, Jr. Silent Victory. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1975.
• Ryan, Cornelius. A Bridge Too Far. London: Coronet Books, 1974.

• "31-Knot" — Arleigh A. Burke, United States Navy destroyer commander (for being unable to meet his habitual maximum speed)

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[edit] Junior McCain bio edit

I also added this

"In June 1943, McCain on his second patrol covered the East China and Yellow Seas. He was "fearlessly aggressive", sinking two ships (confirmed postwar by JANAC): Koyo Maru (6400 tons) and Tokiwa Maru (7000 tons). Yet the return of troubles from his H.O.R. diesels cut the patrol to only eleven days, after which he was compelled to return to Pearl Harbor.^[2] a known tendency of Mark XVIIIs (and one which claimed Wahoo's younger sibling, Tang).

little doubt this attack fatally holed Wahoo, and she sank with all hands. Wahoo was announced overdue on 2 December 1943 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 6 December 1943.

The loss of Morton and Wahoo caused profound shock in the submarine force. All further forays into the Sea of Japan ceased, and it was not again invaded until June 1945, when special mine detecting equipment was available for submarines.

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==

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[edit] Nose art continued

Some more:

         From http://www.geocities.com/amyjo1.geo/hatinthering.html :

When the 94th. Squadron, which was the first American Fighting Squadron to arrive on the Western Front

One of the pilots, Lt. Johnny Wentworth, happened to be an architect, and it fell to his lot to design, with the help of all others, this insigne

Because of it being used on a commercial product (Rickenbacker car) the Adjutant Genral instructed the 94th. Squadron of the Army Air Forces to discontinue its use, and the Indian Head (of the 103rd. Aero Squadron, which evolved from the famous Escadrille Lafayette in Feb. 1918 in France) subtituted as the Squadron emblem, since the 103rd. was not reconstituted as an active duty outfit in the States following WWI.

Within a Red circle in perspective, long axis vertical, Uncle Sam's top hat, upper portion, Blue background with White stars [pointing to dexter base]; middle portion, Red and White stripes; brim, White [pointing to sinister chief]; sweat band, Brown; inside of hat, Dark Blue. (Approved 15 Nov 1919 from World War I emblem [49003 A.C.]); canceled and replaced with emblem based on Lafayette Escadrille, 6 May 1924 (K 2813); original emblem reinstated 9 Jul 1942 (49003 A.C.) (from http://www.geocities.com/amyjo1.geo/hatinthering.html)

The F-5s used by DACT/Red Flag had a tiger's head on the fin (Weapons & Warfare, volume 8, p881)

Some USN F8C-4 Helldivers (with red tails) had black top hat on red ring outlined in black. (volume 8, p882)

Georg von Hantelman of Jasta 15 in WW1 flew a Fokker D.VII with lozenge-camo wings & white skull & crossbones. (volume 9, p979)

Ki-48-I Type 99s of 8h Light Bomber Sentai, 3d Chutai, had tails decorated with two vertical diamonds & 6 "feathers" (3 either side the stacked diamonds) (Weapons & Warfare, volume 14, p.1604)

Maj. Jack Ilfrey and his P-51D Mustang "Happy Jack's Go Buggy" Kingscliffe, England -September,1944 9 Jul 1942 from 20th FG As a member of the 1st. Fighter Group Ilfrey flew P-38F-LO (USAAF s/n 41-7587 ),squadron code UN-O , which he named "Texas Terror" and in the 20th. Fighter Group, P-38J-15-LO (USAAF s/n 43-28431), squadron code MC-O, the famous "Happy Jack's Go Buggy." (from http://www.geocities.com/)

MARKINGS OF THE 1ST.FG - In 1943 the different squadrons began to apply specific colors to their tailbooms, wingtips and prop tips. The 27th.FS Used red,(Squadron Codes beginning with HV), the 71st.FS used White (Squadron Codes beginning with LM,)and the 94th.FS used yellow, (Squadron Codes beginning with UN.) When the Group began receiving P-38s in their natural aluminium finish, the 71st.FS changed their color to black. Red spinners were also introduced sometime in 1944. The national insignia was surrounded by a yellow circle during the time of the North Africa invasion. These were then removed and the "star and bar" was added with a red outline for a time in 1943. Thereafter the normal national insignia was used. (from http://www.geocities.com/)

Dassault MD450 Ouragan (Hurricane) of 1^er Esc 11/F Escadron Lafayette wore Indian head

Fiat G91Rs of Portugese AF Escuadra 121 Tigres wore tiger's head, teeth, & eyes on nose

DH.4s of 5 RNAS Squadron (later 205 RAF) 1918 wore slanting horizontal blue & green stripes on cowl

1/17 in Rus, Albatros C.3 of Leutnant Bruno Mass (Flugabteilung 14) wore intertwined white "B" & "M", just ahead of Maltese cross on side

Albatros D.V of Vizefeldwebel Clausnitzer (Jasta 4) wore orange spinner & tail, & slanting vertical black stripes on fuselage, with aft fuselage in tan

Albatros D.V of Jagdfuëhrern of Jasta 5, Oberleutnant Paul Baumer & Leutnant Wilhelm Lehman, wore red spinner & aft fuselage, green tail rimmed in red, & white flower ahead of Maltese cross on side

From War Paint, by John M. & Donna Campbell (Shrewsbury, 1990): JHG operated with 25h FIS in Korea (p200)

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[edit] Nose art text

From http://afhra.maxwell.af.mil/ Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama

On 6 April 1917, America declared war on Germany, and, shortly thereafter, Brigadier General Benjamin D. Foulois became Chief of the Air Service, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). A year later, on 6 May 1918, Foulois established the policy for insignia of aerial units, declaring that each squadron would have an official insignia painted on the middle of each side of the airplane fuselage. "The squadron will design their own insignia during the period of organizational training. The design must be submitted to the Chief of Air Service, AEF, for approval. The design should be simple enough to be recognizable from a distance." 3

  From http://www.geocities.com/

MARKINGS OF THE 1ST.FG - In 1943 the different squadrons began to apply specific colors to their tailbooms, wingtips and prop tips. The 27th.FS Used red,(Squadron Codes beginning with HV), the 71st.FS used White (Squadron Codes beginning with LM,)and the 94th.FS used yellow, (Squadron Codes beginning with UN.) When the Group began receiving P-38s in their natural aluminium finish, the 71st.FS changed their color to black. Red spinners were also introduced sometime in 1944. The national insignia was surrounded by a yellow circle during the time of the North Africa invasion. These were then removed and the "star and bar" was added with a red outline for a time in 1943. Thereafter the normal national insignia was used.

From Wikipedia

Marine All Weather Fighter Attack Squadron 332 (VMFA(AW)-332) "Moonlighters" Marine Attack Squadron 332 (VMA-332) was re-commissioned on 23 April 1952 as part of 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing at MCAS Opa Locka, Florida flying the F6F Hellcat and later F4U Corsairs. During the Korean War, 332 was assigned a combat role operating from the USS Bairoko. It was at this time the famous polka-dots, hat, and cane originated. Replacing the VMF-312 "Checkerboards", who had a black and white checkerboard painted around the engine cowlings, VMA-332, somewhat mockingly, adopted the red polka-dots on white background.

From Wikipedia

The 94th Fighter Squadron has a long history and traditions that date back to World War I. The squadron was officially activated at Kelly Field, Texas, on 20 August 1917, as the 94th Aero Squadron. On 30 September 1917, two officers and 150 enlisted men left Texas for France and were sent to seven different aircraft factories for maintenance and repair training. In

    From:  http://www.humboldt1.com/~outcast26/Hist-Sumary.htm (accessed 11/12/06, 21.35 local)

The 39th Pursuit Squadron came into being (on paper) in late 1939. In early 1940 personnel were drawn from Eddie Rickenbacher's old "Hat in the Ring" 94th Pursuit Squadron of WW I fame and flight training started with Seversky P-35 "pursuit" planes. In early 1941 the 39th Squadron was chosen to receive the first Bell P-39 Airacobras rolling off of the assembly lines. By midsummer a Bell Company artist had designed and painted an attractive "Cobra in the Clouds" logo, which, with considerable difficulty, was passed through the Office Of Heraldry. With that bit of legislation the 39th Squadron had officially become "The Cobra Squadron".” Early in 1943 the 39th again distinguished itself in becoming the first American squadron to rack up 100 kills. Unit pride and esprit de corps was running very high when the squadron adopted the "sharks teeth" motif for their P-38s.

From: http://www.voicenet.com/~lpadilla/roosevelt.html Roosevelt and his three brothers had all been blooded in combat in the First World War. Youngest brother Quentin was killed in action as a fighter pilot with the 95th "Kicking Mule" Squadron (sister unit to Eddie Rickenbacker's famed 94th "Hat in the Ring" Squadron) in July 1918.

From: http://www.langley.af.mil/units/ the 27th Fighter Squadron, known as the Fighting Eagles; the 71st Fighter Squadron, known as the Ironmen; and the 94th Fighter Squadron, known as the Hat-in-the-Ring Gang.

Verner Voss flew an Albatros D.III had a red heart with white outline ahead of a white swastika over a green wreath. (Weapons & Warfare, Phoebus Publishing, 1977, volume 1, p64, "Albatros D")

Lt von Hippel's D.Va (Jasta 5) had a serpentine or "lightning bolt"-like red arrow with white outline.(W&W, v1, p65, "Albatros D")

Ar-196s aboard Prinz Eugen carried a white seahorse on a red shield. (W&W, v2, p134)

[[8/JG51]'s Me-109s wore arched-back black cat on (white? yellow?) circle. (W&W, v4, p342, "Me-109")

JG26's Me-109s wore serpentine black "S" on white shield, plus yellow cat's head (or tiger's head) & yellow nose & rudder. (W&W, v4, p342, "Me-109")

II/JG54 ID Grünherz (Green Heart)(W&W, v4, p343, "Me-109")

VA-195 (Kitty Hawk) SLUFs had eagle's head with yellow, blue, & red neck stripes (matching squadron rudder stripes).

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94th. SquadronOne of the pilots, Lt. Johnny Wentworth, happened to be an architect, and it fell to his lot to design, with the help of all others, this insigne

crew. The U.S. Navy, by contrast, prohibited nose art.

The nature of the work varied from descriptive scripts, such as Charles Yeager 's "Glamorous The work was done by professional

Due to changes in military policies and changing attitudes toward representation of women, the amount of nose art went into decline before the Korean War, but continued to appear (John Glenn's F-86 "Mig Mad Marine", for instance). In the Navy, tail art began to become more and more elaborate, as demonstrated by VMA-332 "Moonlighters" or VA-195 (Kitty Hawk) SLUFs. Today, the bunny heads of [VF-#?] and skull & crossbones of [VF-#?] are famous.

From: http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/militarynoseart/overview3.htm

Living in uncertainty and tension, wartime servicemen found value in naming their aircraft. During World War II, the practice evolved into creating an image to accompany the name. Two of its benefits were self-pride and psychological fortification. Since men's lives depended as much upon a well-functioning airplane as upon able fellow crew members, it is easy to understand why they personalized these inanimate machines. Gary Valant writes, "The difference is not in the tail number.... The difference is in the imagination and talent of the crew. Few crew members would talk about 24763 or 34356, but many tales would be told about 'Sack Time' or 'The Dragon Lady'" (Valant, p. 9). World War II veteran and psychologist George R. Klare notes that the ground crew, as well as the air crew, identified with a ship as they would another human being, because they felt responsible for its performance (Ethell, p. 13).

Nose art has been credited with increasing morale in dismal times. Men in combat found security in attaching the name and image of a well-known personage such as Rita Hayworth, or a protective symbol such as mother to the machines that carried them in to danger. The choice of ferocious or protective names and decoration -- Brute Force, Sioux Warrior, Hellsadroppin, Ragin' Red, & Rolling Thunder -- as well as the Flying Tigers' shark toothed mouths, is a ritual to guard against bad luck and to strike terror in the heart of the enemy (Ethell, p. 14). At its best, the art is the crew's expression of self-pride, a release from the anonymity and uniformity of military life, and an antidote to the dehumanization of war. The images are personal icons for servicemen (Cohan, p. 70).

Part of aircraft art's attraction for crews has been its slightly illicit nature. For the most part, even though nose art may be unofficially condoned, it was undertaken with the knowledge that there are regulations against decorating military equipment with anything but officially sanctioned markings. Official markings include national insignia (the white star within the blue circle denoting the American Army Air Force), service and squadron icons such as a coiled cobra, and unit insignia, such as the black crow insignia of the Army Air Corps 27th Pursuit Squadron (Dorr, pp. 9-13). According to Robert Dorr, it was always "a struggle between uniformity and individualism," a battle between the pilot who wanted to identify his plane and the "Top Brass" who wanted conformity to signify precision and discipline (Dorr, p. 9). Not just nose art, but even some squadron icons such as the skull and crossbones of the "Jolly Roger" VF-17s went against orders (Dorr, p. 13).

The subject matter of the art--particularly the sexual portrayal of women--has been a challenge to nose artists. The unclothed female figure was popular with the crews, but inevitably went against commanders' wishes. There are several obvious explanations for the sexual aspect of nose art. Combat troops are comprised of a select portion of the population--they are primarily young, unmarried males. For the first time in their lives they are separated from home and the constraints of civilian society. Additionally, under conditions of war, in which death and wounding are the prominent concerns, moral controls relax. The farther from home and command headquarters, the more daring was the art. That this art not only made its appearance, but was allowed during World War II, suggests that war alters attitudes. In World War II especially, society applied different rules to the combat troops they considered to be risking their lives for the country. Normal societal rules fell into place when an aircraft was brought home for a war bond promotion and nose art nudes were ordered clothed. Some crews, refusing to bow to public pressure, placed the stamp "Censored" across their art instead (Ethell, p.15).

Inspiration for aircraft art came from a wide range of sources. The most common was the woman's image--from pinup to portrait--and, although not all was sexual in nature, much of it imitated Hollywood and the media's current fashion. Other art and names were derived from concepts of patriotism -- Yankee Doodle II, Douglas MacArthur, & Stars and Stripes, -- and heroes ("Ernie Pyle"), hometowns -- City of Merced & Miami Clipper II -- ("Memphis Belle"), mother ("Enola Gay"), American popular music, movies (Humphrey Bogart's "The Big Sleep"), sports, and comic-strip characters. Some art related directly to war: good luck symbols -- Ace in the Hole, Superstitious Aloysius [readmore about Superstious Aloysius] , Snake Eyes, & High Roller, -- the enemy ("Axis Nightmare"), the unit's mission and locale, ("Coral Princess" was based in the Pacific), an event, from the history of that particular aircraft ("Swamp Angel"), and, inevitably, the morbid "Grim Reaper:" Specter & Damage, Inc.

Inventiveness and a sense of humor -- Special Delivery II & Wild Thing, -- were desirable characteristics, providing a balance to the tedium and seriousness of the combat soldier's experience. Ideas arose from military life, such as the World War II aircraft "Prop Wash," a joking term well-known to enlisted personnel (Valant, p. 155). Sometimes, personalization took the form of a private, name or image understood only by the crew. An aircraft from the Gulf War, whose crew chief was learning the auctioneer's trade, was named "The Auctioneer" (Walker, More p. 86). Punning and double entendres were especially popular. The name "Valiant Virgin" merged the two subjects of women and war for a pun on keeping the integrity of the aircraft (Davis, v. 1, p. 5). Similarly, "Miss Hap" was named for the commander of the Army Air Forces during World War II, General Hap Arnold (Davis, v. 1, p. 64).

Since there was no canon for aircraft art, variation in subject matter and execution was the norm, expressing the extremes of human feeling and everything in between. The subject could be chosen by the pilot, the pilot in consultation with the air crew, or the ground crew. Men and women artists ranged from nonprofessional to professional, but most were enlisted. They were often paid in cash or goods--very likely alcohol--but sometimes they were paid nothing at all. Some units had talented artists, and those that did not sometimes recruited from outside. Some nose art was signed, but most of it was not. Professional artists produced more polished, but less personal work than the nonprofessional (Logan, p. 2). The canvasses varied in size; paintings on B-29s--the Superfortress--were larger than billboards (Valant, p. 10). Artists commonly managed with less than ideal paints, colors, solvents, brushes, and canvasses. Stories are told of working with house paints, lacquer which was hard on brushes, fast-drying jet fuel which substituted for turpentine, and plane surfaces that were burning hot (Ethell, pp. 87-91, 99). Artists had to be inventive. Rusty Restuccia, an artist at Angon during World War II, created his colors from beans grown on the island (Ethell, p. 110).

Unlike art displayed in a gallery, but rather like public art such as murals, nose art was impermanent. In rare instances, nose art that survived World War II returned on the same aircraft in Korea, but generally, its service was limited to one war or even a single mission. It was one form of art that lived in the real world. Al G. Merkling, another aircraft artist during World War II recalls, "I guess some of my best works were lost, but I never thought of it that way. I lost buddies, not paintings " (Ethell, p. 102). Often, even if the aircraft survived, its name changed many times during its years of service (Walker, Painted, p. 88). In other cases, the name was retained, but the art changed.

Some nose art images never die, however. Even if the original art was not preserved, it was very often duplicated. This was especially true of aircraft with admirable records or remarkable histories. Ideas were often recycled from earlier eras, sometimes with adaptations. For example, the nude art from World War II was altered for Vietnam with a swimming suit or a skirt. In the spirit of continuing a tradition, 1940s art from Esquire reappeared on B52Gs and B52Hs over forty years later. The 509th Bomb wing faithfully reproduced World War II art work on their FB-111s (Walker, More, pp. 12, 25). And, during the Gulf War, there was a resurgence of the tradition Equipoise II & Sagittarius II, drawing upon the wealth of examples from the "Golden Age" of nose art, World War II.

Perhaps the paintings' greatest import is in the stories they tell or imply. Many photographs taken of the planes' art have become records of the past, often identifying planes lost in missions. The numbers are stunning. The captions that accompany the photographs allude to an untold history and a tremendous loss of life. One B-17 that began service on March 12, 1944 was "declared beyond repair January 30, 1945"; three wounded gunners are pictured with another described as "just a series of holes held together by some metal" after a large raid; "Patches n' Prayers" began service February 22, 1944 and was lost April 18, 1944; "Better Do'er" began service February 1, 1945 and survived the war; "The Floose," had over 100 missions when it was destroyed in a wheels-up landing (Valant, pp. 28-60).

The photographs may not reveal the whole story, but they hint at the large number of planes and crews that never returned. Because of the photographs nose art generated--pictures taken of the crew in front of their planes--the art indirectly personalizes the military war effort, allowing civilians and servicemen alike to identify with the people engaged in it. One readily recognizable waist gunner in the 8th Air Force, Clark Gable, proudly stands in front of his B-17, "Delta Rebel #2," which was later lost in 1942 on a mission (Valant, p. 30).

Kill and mission markings -- painted emblems such as stars or bombs stenciled on the side of an aircraft--are an accounting of an aircraft's successes and perform the function of raising morale. Nose art, too, can be a record of an aircraft's victories, but with more human emotion than a score card. Planes like "Man O' War," named for the famous race horse, received their names as a badge of honor.

Nose art is often all that remains as a reminder of the past because the paintings are sometimes preserved when the rest of the plane is scrapped. The most famous B-29 from the Korean War, the 28th Bomb Squadron's "Command Decision," will be remembered because its fuselage has been preserved and is exhibited at the Air Force Museum in Dayton, Ohio (Davis, v. 2, p. 43). The largest collection of World War II nose art--panels from scrapped aircraft at Walnut Ridge, Arkansas--is housed at the Confederate Air Force Museum in Harlingen, Texas.

Nose art is also regarded as a form of folk art because it was an individual icon that was nonofficial and sometimes nonapproved--sponsored and undertaken by the combat crews. The painting was done off-duty and often at night, after work or combat (Ethell, p. 87). As folk art is described as inseparable from daily life, so was this wartime pastime. According to Dr. Griffith, nose art is also folk art to the extent that it represents a specific group or "folk" within popular culture, in this case, young males (especially in World War II) who are engaged in combat. Anonymity of the artist is common to both folk art and military aircraft art. Few artists signed their work. They were not concerned about personal recognition, but rather about creating a mascot for the crew. Another folk art characteristic that is applicable is preservation of tradition. There is a clear, fifty-year continuity of nose art's content, subject matter, purpose, form, and painting materials. The artist's ingenuity to draw from everyday materials for his medium is yet another connection to folk art.

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[edit] Sources

1. Chinnery, Philip. Desert Boneyard: Davis Monthan A.F.B. Arizona. Osceola, Wisconsin: Motorbooks, International, 1987.

2. Cohan, Phil. "Risque Business." Air and Space 5 (Apr.-May 1990):62-71.

3. Davis, Larry. Planes, Names and Dames: 1940-1945. Vol. 1. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1990.

4. ------. Planes, Names and Dames: 1946-1960. Vol. 2. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1990.

5. ------. Planes, Names and Dames: 1955-1975. Vol. 3. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1990.

6. Dorr, Robert F. Fighting Colors: Glory Days of U.S. Aircraft Markings. Osceola, Wisconsin: Motorbooks International, 1990.

7. Ethell, Jeffrey L. The History of Aircraft Nose Art: World War I to Today. Osceola, Wisconsin: Motorbooks International, 1991.

8. Fugere, Jerry. Desert Storm B-52 Nose Art. Tucson, AZ: J. Fugere, 1999.

9. Griffith, James S. Personal interview. 22 September 1998.

10. Logan, Ian. Classy Chassy. New York: W. W. Visual Library, 1977.

11. March, Peter R. Desert Warpaint. London: Osprey Aerospace, 1992.

12. O'Leary, Michael D. "Disney Goes to War!" Air Classics 32, no. 5 (1996): 40-42, 45-51.

13. Valant, Gary M. Vintage Aircraft Nose Art. Osceola, Wisconsin: Motorbooks International, 1987.

14. Walker, Randy. Painted Ladies. West Chester, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 1992.

15. ------. More Painted Ladies. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 1994.

[edit] Stevens

Founded as J. Stevens & Co. in Chicopee Falls, MA, in 1864 by Joshua Stevens and backers W.B.Fay and James Taylor, the company's earliest product was a tip-up pistol of Stevens' invention. Business was slow into 1870, when it still occupied a converted grist mill and had just sixty employees. The 1873 Panic only reduced this further. In 1886, the company was reorganized and incorporated, as J. Stevens Arms & Tool Co., with slow, steady growth; as before, tools accounted for most of the company's output. One of the new partners, and bookeeper, I.H. Page, bought out Stevens and Taylor in 1896 and led the company to significant growth, such that by 1902, it had 900 employees and was boasting of being the top sporting firearms manufacturer in the world. In 1915, it led the U.S. arms business in target and small game guns. Unusually, it never made a military weapon. Stevens Arms was taken over entitrely by Savage in 1920.

[edit] Oranges

Rewrote this:

"The Imperial Japanese Navy developed a counter-plan to allow the US Fleet to sail across the Pacific while using submarines to weaken it. The Japanese fleet would then attempt to force a battle against the US fleet on territory that was favorable to it after the US fleet had been weakened."

The Imperial Japanese Navy developed a counter-plan to allow the Pacific Fleet to sail across the Pacific while using submarines to weaken it. The Japanese fleet would then attempt to force a battle against the U.S. in a "decisive battle area", near Japan, after inflicting such attrition. This is in keeping with the theory of Alfred T. Mahan, a doctrine to which every major navy subscribed before World War Two, in which wars would be decided by engagements between opposing surface fleets^[3] (as they had been for over 300 years). It was the basis for Japan's demand for a 70% ratio (10:10:7) at the Washington Naval Conference, which would give Japan superiority in the "decisive battle area", and the U.S.'s insistence on a 60% ratio, which meant parity.^[4]

Both IJN planning, and ORANGE, failed to notice technological developments in submarines and aircraft had made Mahan obsolete. ORANGE did not envision aircraft could sink battleships, or that Japan would put the US battleship force (the Battle Line) out of action in an attack on Pearl Harbor. Many have questioned the move by Franklin Delano Roosevelt to send the fleet from California to Hawaii, since when war began it would have to be brought back to the West Coast to pick up the other half of the crews (consisting of mobilized reserves and new recruits).

American plans changed after Pearl Harbor demonstrated the supremacy of aircraft in naval warfare, and the Japanese had gained air superiority over the Philippines early in the war. Even after severe Japanese defeats like Midway, the US fleet favored a methodical "island-hopping" advance never going far beyond land-based air cover. Later, the U.S. achived total dominance with her carrier task forces, a mobile strike force^[5] Japan could not have dreamed of.

Moreover, by their obsession with "decisive battle", IJN would ignore the vital role of antisubmarine warfare.^[6] Germany and the U.S. would demonstrate this with their submarine campaigns against merchant shipping, ultimately choking Japan's industrial production.

---

Rewrote this:

"The Imperial Japanese Navy was faced, before and during World War II, with considerable challenges, probably more so than any other navy in the world.^[7] Japan, like Britain, was almost entirely dependent on foreign resources to supply its economy, so that the Imperial Japanese Navy had to secure and protect sources for raw material (especially Southeast Asian oil and raw materials) that were far away, and controlled by foreign countries (Britain, the United States and the Netherlands). To achieve this goal, she had to build large warships capable of a long range.

"To achieve Japan’s expansionist policies, the Imperial Japanese Navy also had to fight off the largest navies in the world (The 1922 Washington Naval Treaty allotted a 5/5/3 ratio for the navies of Britain, the United States and Japan). She was therefore numerically inferior and her industrial base for expansion was limited (in particular compared to the United States). Her battle tactics therefore tended to rely on technical superiority (fewer, but faster, more powerful ships), and aggressive tactics (daring and speedy attacks overwhelming the enemy, a recipe for success in her previous conflicts).

To this:

"The Imperial Japanese Navy was faced, before and during World War II, with considerable challenges, probably more so than any other navy in the world.^[8] Japan, like Britain, was almost entirely dependent on foreign resources to supply its economy. To achieve Japan’s expansionist policies, IJN had to secure and protect distant sources of raw material (especially Southeast Asian oil and raw materials), controlled by foreign countries (Britain, the United States and the Netherlands). To achieve this goal, she had to build large warships capable of long range.

"This was in conflict with Japan's doctrine of "decisive battle" (a doctrine did not require long range),^[9] in which IJN would allow the U.S. to sail across the Pacific, using submarines to weaken it, then force a battle against the U.S. in a "decisive battle area", near Japan, after inflicting such attrition.^[10] This is in keeping with the theory of Alfred T. Mahan, a doctrine to which every major navy subscribed before World War Two, in which wars would be decided by engagements between opposing surface fleets^[11] (as they had been for over 300 years). It was the basis for Japan's demand for a 70% ratio (10:10:7) at the Washington Naval Conference, which would give Japan superiority in the "decisive battle area", and the U.S.'s insistence on a 60% ratio, which meant parity.^[12] Japan, unlike other navies, clung to it even after it had been demonstrated to be obsolete.

"It was also in conflict with her past experience. Japan's numerical and industrial inferiority led her to seek technical superiority (fewer, but faster, more powerful ships), qualitative superiority (better training), and aggressive tactics (daring and speedy attacks overwhelming the enemy, a recipe for success in her previous conflicts). She failed to take account of the fact her opponents in the Pacific War did not face the political and geograpical constraints of her previous wars, nor did she allow for losses in ships and crews.^[13]

[edit] Perry White Vacation Paradise

Sekigawa, Eiichiro, tr xUchida, Chizuya. Pictorial Hist of Jp Mil Avn. Lon: Ian Allen, 1974.

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Mil Avn. Lon: Ian Allen, 1974.^[1],

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Brooklyn Bridge

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tag “{{fact}}”, which renders as ^{[citation needed]} tag “{{unreferenced}}, unreferenced

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Immagine:Noia 64 apps xkill.png Image:Noia 64 apps xkill.png ALKIVAR™ ALKIVAR™ ALKIVAR™ ALKIVAR ALKIVAR ALKIVAR

Trekphiler 19:29, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

Trekphiler 19:29, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

Trekphiler ™ 04:32, 24 November 2006 (UTC) Trekphiler 19:29, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

Trekphiler™ 19:29, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

Stefan Drzewiecki—torpedo drop-collars

ing used and added a picture as the fourth parameter. HENRICUS REX, HENRICUS REX HENRICUS REX HENR^ICUSREX nuf I_sp.) nuf I^sp.) Trekphiler (Talk) Trekphiler (Talk)

Overviews

Overviews

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Appell

(German) Rollcall

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[edit] Like A Virginis

Star System: 70 Virginis Discovery Status: Confirmed Mass: 6.6 Jupiters Average Distance: 0.43 AUs Minimum Distance: 0.31 AUs Maximum Distance: 0.74 AUs Period: 116.6 Days Orbital Eccentricity: 0.4 Argument of Perihelion (omega): 358° Average Temperature: 372 Kelvin Detection Method: Doppler Spectroscopy Discovered By: G.Marcy and P.Butler Year Discovered: 1996 above from: http://www.xtra.co.nz

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The star may be less enriched (92 percent) than Sol with elements heavier than hydrogen ("metallicity"), based on its abundance of iron (J.B. Heanshaw, 1974). above from: http://www.solstation.com

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The distance of an object (in parsecs) can be computed as the reciprocal of the parallax. For instance, the Hipparcos satellite measured the parallax of the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, as .77233 seconds of arc (±.00242"). Therefore, the distance is 1/0.772=1.29 parsecs or about 4.22 light years (±.01 ly).

The angles involved in these calculations are very small. For example, .772 arcseconds is roughly the angle subtended by an object about 2 centimeters in diameter (roughly the size of a U.S. Penny) located about 5.3 kilometers away.

[edit] Glossary

• Blow—supercharge; wreck. Said of an engine.

[edit] Golden Hitch

Best Comedy Winner: Austin Powers Trailer #1: The Spy Who Shagged Me (New Line Cinema) Trailer Park Nominees: Analyze This (Village Roadshow Pictures, Tribeca Productions) Giaronomo Productions Holy Man (Buena Vista) New Wave Entertainment Austin Powers Trailer #2: The Spy Who Shagged Me (New Line Cinema) Trailer Park

Best Art and Commerce Winner: The Matrix (Village Roadshow Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Xiu Xiu, The Sent Down Girl (Good Machine, Whispering Steppes, L.P.) Stratosphere Ent. Buffalo 66 (Lions Gate) by Film Rite Entertainment

Best Music Winner: Out of Sight (Jersey Films) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Swing (Kushner-Locke Company) Harley's House Run Lola Run (Sony Pictures Classics) Glass Schoor Productions

Best Drama Winner: Good Will Hunting (Lawrence Bender Productions, Miramax Films) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Tea With Mussolini (MGM) Seismic Productions Jacob the Liar (Columbia) Seismic Productions

Trashiest Winner: Cruel Intentions (Columbia Pictures) Craig Murray Productions Nominees: Detroit Rock City (New Line) New Wave Entertainment Cousin Bette (CMP) Front Porch Productions

Best Foreign Winner: Three Seasons (October Films) SightHounds, Inc. Nominees: Lucie Aubrac (October Films) SightHounds, Inc. Xiu Xiu, The Sent Down Girl (Good Machine, Whispering Steppes, L.P.) Stratosphere Ent

Best Horror/Thriller Winner: The Blair Witch Project (Haxan Films) Artisan Entertainment Nominees: A Perfect Murder (Warner Brothers) Giaronomo Productions I Still Know What You Did Last Summer (Mandalay Entertainment) Craig Murray Productions

Best Voice Over Winner: The Blair Witch Project (Haxan Films) Artisan Entertainment Nominees: The Beach (Figment Films) New Wave Entertainment Bringing Out the Dead (Paramount Pictures) Giaronomo Productions

The Dark and Stormy Night Winner: 8mm (Columbia Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Snow Falling on Cedars (Universal Pictures) Trailer Park The Mask of Zorro (Columbia TriStar) Giaronomo Productions

Best Trailer No Budget Winner: Return of the Masterminds (3am Productions) Core Group Nominees: Revelation by Empire SMX Get Real by Hammer Films

Best Animation/Family Winner: A Bug's Life by Craig Murray Productions Nominees: Mr. Magoo (Walt Disney Pictures) New Wave Entertainment Inspector Gadget (Walt Disney Pictures) New Wave Entertainment

Golden Fleece Award Winner: 8mm (Columbia Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Armageddon (Touchstone Pictures) Trailer Park Jane Austen's Mafia (Touchstone Pictures) Craig Murray Productions

Best Documentary Winner: Return with Honor (Ocean Releasing) SightHounds, Inc. Nominees: Buena Vista Social Club (Artisan Entertainment) Cimmazon Bacon O'Brien Unmade Beds (Chelsea Pictures) Chelsea Pictures

Best Romance Winner: Great Expectations (20th Century Fox) Craig Murray Productions Nominees: Prague Duet (Cinetel Films) TriCoast Entertainment Ever After (20th Century Fox) New Wave Entertainment

Best Action Winner: The Matrix (Village Roadshow Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Star Wars: Episode I by Lucasfilm Ltd. Blade (New Line Cinema) Craig Murray Productions

Most Original Winner: Run Lola Run (Sony Pictures Classics) Glass Schoor Productions Nominees: The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc (Columbia Pictures) Imaginary Forces The Minus Man (Artisan Entertainment) The Shooting Gallery The Blair Witch Project (Haxan Films) Artisan Entertainment

Best Edit Winner: The Matrix (Village Roadshow Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Blade (New Line Cinema) Craig Murray Productions Bringing Out the Dead (Paramount Pictures) Giaronomo Productions

Best of Show Winner: The Matrix (Village Roadshow Pictures) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (New Line Cinema) Trailer Park Bringing Out the Dead (Paramount Pictures) Giaronomo Productions

Best of the Decade Winner: Se7en (New Line Cinema) Giaronomo Productions Nominees: Fargo (Gramercy Pictures) Seismic Productions Pulp Fiction (Miramax Films) Giaronomo Productions Face/Off (Paramount Pictures) Craig Murray Productions Dumb and Dumber (New Line Cinema) Trailer Park

[edit] Fighter aces

7 Edwin O Fisher, Capt USAAF 7 Jack A Fisk, Capt USAAF 7 Frank E Foltz, Lt USN 7 Dwaine R Franklin, Capt USAAF 7 John M Franks, Ltjg USN 7 Robert M Fry, Capt USAAF 7 Earl M Fryer, Capt USAAF 7 Harold N Funk, LtCdr USN 7 John R Galvin, Lt USN 7 Donald Gordon, Lt USN 7 Gordon M Graham, LtCol USAAF (+ 9.5 ground) 7 Marvin E Grant, 1Lt USAAF 7 Joseph H Griffin, Maj USAAF 7 Roger A Haberman, Capt USMC 7 Henry B Hamilton, WO USMC* 7 Willis E Hardy, Ltjg USN 7 Archibald A Harrington, 1Lt USAAF 7 Frank C Heath, Ltjg USN* 7 William J Hennon, Capt USAAF 7 Frank A Hill, Maj USAAF 7 Harry E Hill, Lt USN 7 John J Hockery, Capt USAAF (+ 1 in Korea) 7 Willie O Jackson Jr, LtCol USAAF (+ 5 ground) 7 Gilbert L Jamison, Capt USAAF 7 Robert H Jennings Jr, Lt USN 7 Alvin J Jensen, Lt USMC 7 Verl E Jett, Maj USAAF 7 Clarence O Johnson, 2Lt USAAF 7 James M Jones, Lt USN 7 William R Kane, Cdr USN 7 Benjamin H King, Maj USAAF 7 Claude R Kinsey, 2Lt USAAF 7 George N Kirk, Ltjg USN 7 Frank W Klibbe, Capt USAAF 7 Ward A Kuentzel, 1Lt USAAF 7 Robert A Lamb, Maj USAAF 7 Alfred Lerch, Ens USN 7 Warren R Lewis, Maj USAAF 7 Lawrence P Liebers, 2Lt USAAF 7 Stanley Lustic, 1Lt USAAF 7 William J Maguire, Capt USAAF 7 Armand G Manson, Lt USN 7 Bert W Marshall, Maj USAAF 7 Thomas G McClelland, Ltjg USN 7 Robert W McClurg, Capt USMC 7 Murray D McLaughlin, 1Lt USAAF 7 John T Moore, Maj USAAF 7 James B Morehead, Capt USAAF 7 Bert D (Wayne) Morris Jr, Lt USN 7 Robert C Moss, Capt USAAF (incl 4 with AVG) 7 Gilbert M O'Brien, Capt USAAF 7 Jeremiah J O'Keefe, Lt USMC 7 Charles H Ostrom, Lt USN* 7 Robert G Owens Jr, Maj USMC 7 Elbert W Parrish, Ens USN 7 Carl W Payne, 1Lt USAAF 7 Joseph F Pierce, 1Lt USAAF 7 Samuel A Pierce, 1Lt USAAF 7 Jack Pittman Jr, Lt USMC 7 James N Poindexter, Capt USAAF (+ 4 ground) 7 John E Purdy, Capt USAAF 7 Francis R Register, Ltjg USN 7 Joseph H Reinberg, Maj USMC 7 Thomas J Rennemo, Lt USN 7 Robert Reynolds, Capt USAAF 7 Benjamin Rimmerman, LtCol USAAF (+ 8.5 ground) 7 Felix M Rogers, Maj USAAF 7 Herbert E Ross, Maj USAAF 7 John W Ruhsam, Lt USMC 7 Jimmie E Savage, Lt USN 7 Frank Schiel, Flt Ldr AVG 7 Lucien B Shuler, Capt USAAF 7 Sam L Silber, LtCdr USN 7 John M Simmons, Capt USAAF 7 Warren A Skon, Lt USN 7 Carl E Smith, Lt USN 7 Carroll C Smith, Maj USAAF 7 Leslie C Smith, LtCol USAAF (+ 4.5 ground) 7 Richard E Smith, 1Lt USAAF 7 William H Strand, Capt USAAF 7 John S Thach, Cdr USN 7 Franklin W Troup, Lt USN 7 Myron M Truax, Ltjg USN 7 John H Truluck, Capt USAAF 7 Edward B Turner, Lt USN 7 Gerald E Tyler, 1Lt USAAF 7 Harley C Vaughan, Maj USAAF --(>6?) 7 Arnold E Vinson, Capt USAAF 7 Roy M Voris, Lt USN 7 Robert Wade, Lt USMC (+ 1 in Korea) 7 Edward T Waters, 2Lt USAAF 7 John M Wesolowiski, Lt USN 7 Wilbur B Webb, Ltjg USN 7 Elmer Wheadon, Capt USAAF 7 Roy E Whittaker, Maj USAAF 7 Samuel J Wicker, Maj USAAF 7 James W Wilkinson, Capt USAAF 7 Bruce W Williams, Lt USN 7 Gerard M Williams, Lt USMC 7 Calvin C Wire, Capt USAAF 7 John T Wolf, Ltjg USN 7 Robert E Woody, Capt USAAF 7 Daniel J Zoerb, 1Lt USAAF 6.75 Leslie H Kerr, Lt USN 6.75 John B Murphy, LtCol USAAF 6.7 Robert K Nelson, Ens USN 6.5 Joseph H Bennett, Capt USAAF 6.5 Charles W Brewer, LtCdr USN* 6.5 Johnnie J Bridges, Lt USN 6.5 Melvin Cozzens, Ltjg USN* 6.5 Donald M Cummings, Capt USAAF 6.5 Robert H Davis, Lt USN 6.5 Joseph V Dillard, Lt USMC 6.5 Parker S Dupouy, 1Lt USAAF (incl 4 with AVG) 6.5 Robert P Fash, Lt USN 6.5 James H Flatley, LtCdrUSN 6.5 Richard E Fowler, Lt USN 6.5 Rockford V Gray, Maj USAAF --(>6?) 6.5 Charles H Haverland Jr, Lt USN 6.5 James E Hoffman Jr, 1Lt USAAF 6.5 Charles W Koenig, Capt USAAF 6.5 Walter A Lundin, Lt USN 6.5 Michael (or Michele) A Mazzocco, Ens USN 6.5 Edward C McGowan Lt USN 6.5 Mark L Moseley, Maj USAAF 6.5 Paul A Mullen, Capt USMC 6.5 Heyward A Paxton Jr, 1Lt USAAF 6.5 Paul S Riley, 1Lt USAAF 6.5 Albert C Slack, Ltjg USN 6.5 John D Stokes, Ltjg USN 6.5 Ray A Taylor Jr, Lt USN 6.5 Francis A Terrill, Lt USMC --(>6.08?) 6.5 Robert H Thelen, Lt USN 6.5 Charles H Turner, Lt USN 6.33 Dewey F Durnford, Capt USMC (+ 0.5 in Korea) 6.25 John R Rossi Wing Man AVG 6.25 Robert D Welden 1Lt USAAF 6 Charles T Adams Jr, 2Lt USAAF 6 Alexander L Anderson, Lt USN 6 Wayman D Anderson, 1Lt USAAF 6 Stanley O Andrews, 1Lt USAAF 6 George C Axtell Jr, Maj USMC 6 Robert Baird, Capt USMC 6 Ellis C Baker Jr, Capt USAAF 6 Henry W Balsinger, Ltjg USN 6 James D Bare, Lt USN 6 James M Barnes, Lt USN 6 Robert L Baseler, Maj USAAF 6 Redman C Beatley, Lt USN 6 Paul H Beaudry, Ens USN 6 Henry S Maj Bille, USAAF (+ 4 ground) 6 Lawrence E Blumer, Capt USAAF 6 Robert L Blyth, Lt USN 6 Hampton E Boggs, Maj USAAF 6 John F Bolt Jr, Maj USMC (+ 6 in Korea) 6 Samuel J Brocato Jr, Ltjg USN 6 Harley L Brown, 1Lt USAAF 6 Meade M Brown, Capt USAAF 6 Carland E Brunmeir, Lt USN 6 Robert M Brunner, TSgt USAAF (gunner) 6 George T Buck Jr, Capt USAAF 6 William E Burckhalter, Ltjg USN* 6 Frances X Busher, LtCdr USN 6 Robert J Byrne, 2Lt USAAF 6 Matthew S Byrnes Jr, Lt USN 6 Raymond L Calloway, Maj USAAF 6 Richard A Campbell, 1Lt USAAF 6 Richard G Candelaria, Capt USAAF 6 Raymond C Care, Capt USAAF 6 Kendall E Carlson, Capt USAAF (+ 4 ground) 6 Charles H Carroll, Ltjg USN 6 James R Carter, Maj USAAF 6 Creighton Chandler, Lt USMC 6 Lewis W Chick Jr, Maj USAAF 6 Walter E Clarke, LtCdr USN 6 Robert L Coffey Jr, LtCol USAAF 6 Wilson (or William) M Coleman, LtCdr USN 6 Arthur R Conant, Capt USMC 6 Edward S Conant, Lt USN 6 Roger W Conant, Capt USMC 6 Walter V Cook, Capt USAAF 6 Warren C Cooley, 1Lt USAAF 6 William E Copeland, Ltjg USN 6 Richard D Cowger, Lt USN 6 Ray Crawford, 2Lt USAAF 6 Harry L Crim, Capt USAAF 6 Donald F Cronin, Lt USN 6 John T Crosby, Lt USN 6 William J Cullerton, 1Lt USAAF (+ 21 ground) 6 Edward J Czarnecki, 1Lt USAAF 6 Lucien A Dade Jr, LtCol USAAF (+ 6 ground) --(>5?) 6 Merl W Davenport, Lt USN 6 Barrie S Davis, 1Lt USAAF 6 Cecil O Dean, 1Lt USAAF 6 Leslie Decew, Lt USN 6 Edwin L Degraffenreid, Capt USAAF 6 Elliott E Dent Jr, Capt USAAF 6 Richard O Devine, Lt USN 6 William J Dillard, Capt USAAF 6 Eugene Dillow, Capt USMC* 6 Jefferson D Dorroh, Maj USMC 6 Urban L Drew, Capt USAAF 6 William C Drier, Maj USAAF 6 Frank C Drury, Maj USMC 6 Paul E Drury, Ltjg USN 6 Hoyt A Eason, 1Lt USAAF 6 Bryan (or Byron) Eberts, Lt USN 6 William G Eccles, Ltjg USN 6 Willard E Eder, Lt USN 6 William C Edwards Jr, Lt USN 6 Warren S Emerson, Capt USAAF 6 Benjamin H Emmert Jr, 1Lt USAAF (+ 1 in Korea) 6 Anthony J Enman (or Denman), LtCdr USN 6 Andres J Evans Jr, LtCol USAAF 6 Roy W Evans, Maj USAAF 6 Lee R Everhart, Capt USAAF 6 John W Fair, Lt USN 6 Donald B Fisher, Capt USMC 6 Richard H Fleischer, Capt USAAF 6 William B Foulis, Capt USAAF 6 Robert B Fraser, Maj USMC* 6 William B Freeman, Lt USMC 6 Alfred L Frendberg, Ltjg USN 6 Alfred C Froning, 1Lt USAAF 6 Charles S Gallup, Maj USAAF 6 Robert L Garlich, 1Lt USAAF 6 Roy Gillespie, Lt USN 6 Edmund R Goss, Maj USAAF 6 William M Gresham, Capt USAAF* 6 Clayton K Gross, 1Lt USAAF --(>5?) 6 Jack D Guerard, SSgt USAAF (gunner) 6 Charles F, Gumm, 1Lt USAAF 6 Harlan I Gustafson, Lt USN 6 Walter A Haas, Lt USN 6 James P Hagerstrom, Maj USAAF (+ 8.5 in Korea) 6 George F Hall, Capt USAAF 6 Sheldon O Hall, Capt USMC 6 Louis (or Lewis) R Hamblin, Ltjg USN 6 Robert M Hamilton, Lt USN 6 William F Hanes Jr, 1Lt USAAF 6 Eugene R Hanks, Ltjg USN 6 Raymond F Harmeyer, 1Lt USAAF 6 Cameron M Hart, Capt USAAF 6 Robert P Hedman, Flt Ldr AVG 6 Lloyd P Heinzen, Lt USN 6 Ronald W Hoel, Lt USN 6 Roy B Hogg, Maj USAAF 6 James D Holloway, 2Lt USAAF --(>5?) 6 Besby F Holmes, Capt USAAF 6 Wallace E Hopkins, LtCol USAAF (+ 4 ground) 6 Robert L Howard, 1Lt USAAF 6 David W Howe, Capt USAAF 6 Bernard H Howes, 1Lt USAAF 6 Lloyd G Huff, 1Lt USAAF 6 Charles W Huffman, Lt USN 6 John C Hundley, Capt USMC 6 Richard F Hurd, 1Lt USAAF 6 Robert Hurst, Lt USN 6 James C Ince, Maj USAAF 6 Charles D Jones, Lt USMC 6 Cyril W Jones, 1Lt USAAF (+ 2 ground) 6 Wallace R Jordan, Maj USAAF 6 Robert A Karr, 1Lt USAAF 6 Robert J Keen, Capt USAAF (+ 4 ground) 6 Leroy W Keith, Lt USN 6 William T Kemp, Capt USAAF 6 Donald D Kienholz, Capt USAAF --(>5?) 6 William J Kingston Jr, Lt USN 6 Kenneth B Lake, Ens USN 6 William E Lamb, LtCdr USN (+ 1 in Korea) 6 John H Lane, 1Lt USAAF 6 Donald A Larson, Maj USAAF 6 Leland A Larson, 1Lt USAAF 6 Robert L Liles, Capt USAAF 6 John D Lombard, Capt USAAF 6 Martin M Lubner, Capt USAAF 6 Paul W Lucas, Capt USAAF 6 Mortimer Marks, Capt USAAF 6 Richard H May, Lt USN 6 William A McCormick, Lt USN 6 Gordon H McDaniel, 1Lt USAAF 6 Donald C McGee, Capt USAAF 6 Joseph T McKeon, Capt USAAF 6 Robert F McMahon, Capt USAAF 6 John McManus, Lt USMC 6 Henry Meigs III, 1Lt USAAF 6 Adolph Mencin, Lt USN 6 Donald W Meuten, 1Lt USAAF 6 Armour C Miller, Capt USAAF --(>5?) 6 Robert C Milliken, 2Lt USAAF 6 Henry L Mills, Maj USAAF 6 Robert Mims, Ltjg USN 6 Henry E Mitchell, Ltjg USN 6 George D Mobbs, 1Lt USAAF 6 Norman W Mollard Jr, Lt USN 6 John R Montarpert (or Montapert), Ltjg USN 6 Horace B Moranville, Ltjg USN 6 William C Moseley, Lt USN 6 James D Mugavero, Capt USAAF 6 Robert F Mulhollen, Capt USAAF 6 Paul C Murphey Jr, Capt USAAF 6 Fred F Ohr, 1Lt USAAF 6 Norman E Olson, Capt USAAF 6 John Orth, Ltjg USN 6 Edward C Outlaw, LtCdr USN 6 James J Pascoe, 1Lt USAAF 6 Joseph J Paskoski, Lt USN 6 James L Pearce, Lt USN 6 Gilbert Percy, Capt USMC 6 Francis E Pierce Jr, Maj USMC 6 John Pietz Jr, 1Lt USAAF 6 Kenneth A Pond, Lt USMC* 6 Tilman E Pool, Lt USN 6 Ralston M Pound, Ltjg USN 6 Frank H Presley, Capt USMC 6 John F Pugh, Capt USAAF 6 Norval R Quiel, Lt USN 6 Leonard R Reeves, 1Lt USAAF 6 Orval J Roberson, 1Lt USAAF 6 Ralph J Rosen, Ltjg USN 6 Herman J Rossi Jr, Lt USN 6 Gerald L Rounds, 2Lt USAAF 6 John J Sargent Jr, Ltjg USN 6 Harrell H Scales, Lt USN 6 Wilbur R Scheibel, Capt USAAF 6 William J Schildt, 2Lt USAAF 6 Robert G Schimanski, Capt USAAF 6 Meldrum L Sears, Capt USAAF 6 Albert Seckel Jr, Lt USN 6 Robert W Shackford, Ltjg USN 6 Courtney Shands, Cdr USN 6 Hugh V Sherrill, Lt USN 6 Ernest Shipman, 2Lt USAAF 6 Robert L Shoup, 1Lt USAAF --(>5.5?) 6 Perry L Shuman, Maj USMC 6 William J Simmons, 1Lt USAAF 6 Clinton L Smith, Lt USN 6 Daniel F Smith Jr, LtCdr USN 6 John C Smith, 1Lt USAAF* 6 Nicholas J Smith III, Lt USN 6 Robert E Smith, Capt USAAF 6 Walter E Starck, Capt USAAF 6 Carlton B Starkes, Lt USN 6 James R Starnes, Maj USAAF (+ 6.5 ground) 6 Robert F Stout, Maj USMC* 6 Harvey W Sturdevant, Lt USN 6 Ralph G Taylor Jr, Capt USAAF 6 David F Thwaites, Capt USAAF 6 Harrison R Thyng, Maj USAAF (+ 5 in Korea) 6 Frederick W Tracey, Lt USN 6 Grant M Turley, 1Lt USAAF 6 Donald E Umphres, Lt USN 6 Herbert J Valentine, Capt USMC 6 Milton N Vedder, Lt USMC* 6 Clinton D Vincent, Col USAAF 6 Merriwell W Vineyard, Ltjg USN 6 Harold E Vita, Ltjg USN 6 Thomas H Walker, Capt USAAF 6 Ralph H Wandrey, Capt USAAF 6 Robert E Welch, Capt USAAF (+ 12 ground) 6 Edward G Wendorf, Lt USN 6 Arthur E Wenige, Capt USAAF 6 Warren H Wesson, Capt USAAF 6 William E Whalen, 1Lt USAAF 6 Thomas A White, 2Lt USAAF 6 Robert C Wilson, Ltjg USN 6 Lynn E Witt Jr, Capt USAAF 6 Robert C Woolverton, Ltjg USN 6 Ellis W Wright Jr, Capt USAAF 6 Harold Yeremain, Ens USN 6 John A Zink, Ltjg USN 6 Charles J Zubarik, 1Lt USAAF 5.83 Norman J Fortier, Capt USAAF (+ 5.5 ground) 5.54 Walter J Karoleski Jr, Capt USAAF 5.5 Dudley M Amoss, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Carl G Bickel, 1Lt USAAF (incl 3 V-1 rockets) 5.5 Hipolitus T Biel, 1Lt USAAF (+ 6 ground) 5.5 Clinton D Burdick, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Robert L Buttke, Capt USAAF 5.5 Oscar H Coen, LtCol USAAF (incl 1.5 with RAF) 5.5 Lawrence A Dewing, Lt USN 5.5 E B Edwards Jr, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Samuel W Forrer, Lt USN 5.5 Zed D Fountain, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Frank L Gailer Jr, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Lindol F Graham, Capt USAAF 5.5 James S Gray, LtCdr USN 5.5 Herman A Hansen Jr, Maj USMC 5.5 Paul R Hatala, Capt USAAF 5.5 Edwin L Heller, Capt USAAF (+ 16.5 ground, + 3.5 in Korea) 5.5 William L Hood Jr, Lt USMC 5.5 Francis H Horne, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 William B King, Capt USAAF 5.5 Floyd C Kirkpatrick, Capt USMC 5.5 Joseph J Kruzel, Maj USAAF 5.5 Maurice G Long, Maj USAAF 5.5 William L Lundin, Capt USMC 5.5 Frank E McCauley, Capt USAAF 5.5 William W McLachlin, Lt USN 5.5 Michael G McPharlin, Maj USAAF (incl 1.5 with RAF) 5.5 Leslie D Minchew, Capt USAAF 5.5 Raymond B Myers, LtCol USAAF 5.5 William R O'Brien, Capt USAAF 5.5 Peter G Pompetti, 1Lt USAAF (+ 2 ground) 5.5 Glenn M Revel, Lt USN 5.5 Robert P Ross, Lt USN 5.5 Leroy A Ruder, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Donovan F Smith, Maj USAAF 5.5 Frederick J Strieg, Lt USN 5.5 William F Tanner, Capt USAAF 5.5 William P Thayer, Lt USN 5.5 Frederick O Trafton Jr, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 George R Van Den Heuval, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Murray Winfield, Lt USN 5.5 Robert P Winks, 1Lt USAAF 5.5 Earling W Zaeske, Ltjg USN 5.3 Bernard Dunn, Ltjg USN 5.3 Robert J Humphrey, Lt USN 5.3 Thomas F Miller, 1Lt USAAF 5.3 Wallace E Sigler, Capt USMC 5.25 James A Bryce, Lt USN 5.25 W B Campbell, 1Lt USAAF 5.25 Thomas C Haywood, Flt Ldr AVG 5.25 Robert J Sandell, Sqn Ldr AVG 5.25 Robert H Smith, Wing Man AVG 5.25 Robert F Thomas, Lt USN 5.25 Walter A Wood, Ens USN* 5.25 Millard Wooley Jr, Lt USN 5.2 James E Duffy Jr, Capt USAAF (+ 9 ground) 5.2 H A Nelson, Ens USN

Tucker-class destroyers

Name	Country	Service	Victories
Flight Leader George F. Beurling	Quebec, Canada	RCAF	31.33
Wing Commander Edward F. Charles	Saskatchewan, Canada	RCAF	22
Squadron Leader William T. Klersey	Ontario, Canada	RCAF	16½
Squadron Leader Edward F. Charles	Saskatchewan, Canada	RCAF	22
Wing Commander James F. Edwards	Saskatchewan, Canada	RCAF	16
Wing Commander Robert W. McNair	Saskatchewan, Canada	RCAF	16
Group Captain P. S. Turner	Ontario, Canada	RCAF	16
Kenneth J. Dahms	USA	Navy	7½
Glendon V. Davis	USA	Army Air Force	7½
Ralph H. Davis	USA	Navy	7½
Edward E. Hunt	USA	Army Air Force	7½
Dale E. Karger	USA	Army Air Force	7½ (+4 ground)
William M. Knight	USA	Navy	7½
George M. Lamb	USA	Army Air Force	7½
Charles W. Lasko	USA	Army Air Force	7½
John H. Lowell	USA	Army Air Force	7½ (+9 ground)
Henry J. Miklajoyk	USA	Army Air Force	7½ (+5½ ground)
Myrvin E. Noble	USA	Navy	7½
Paul O'Mara	USA	Navy	7½
Frederick R. Payne, Jr.	USA	USMC	7½
Elwyn G. Righetti	USA	Army Air Force	7½ (+27 ground)
Albert O. Vorse	USA	Navy	7½
Malcolm T. Wordell	USA	Navy	7½
Vermont Garrison	USA	Army Air Force	7.33 (+10 Korea)
Samuel B. Hibbard	USA	Navy	7.33
James M. Morris	USA	Army Air Force	7.33 (+2.8 ground)
William E. Bartling	USA	AVG	7.25
Robert E. Goodnight	USA	Army Air Force	7.25
Albert J. Pope	USA	Navy	7.25
Melvin M. Pritchard	USA	Navy	7.25
Burnell W. Adams	USA	Army Air Force	7
Calvin D. Allen, Jr.	USA	Army Air Force	7
William Y. Anderson	USA	Army Air Force	7
Percy R. Bartelt	USA	AVG	7
Robert M. Baker	USA	USMC	7
Hugh N. Batten	USA	Navy	7
Robert H. Becker	USA	Army Air Force	7
Samuel V. Blair	USA	Army Air Force	7
Athur R. Brassfield	USA	Navy	7
John G. Bright	USA	Army Air Force	7 (6AVG
Robert H. Brown	USA	Army Air Force	7
William P. Brown	USA	USMC	7
James W. Browning	USA	Army Air Force	7
Franklin N. Burley	USA	Navy	7
Dean Caswell	USA	USMC	7
Philip G. Chapman	USA	Army Air Force	7
Lawrance A. Clark	USA	Navy	7
Robert A. Clark	USA	Navy	7
Thomas J. Conroy	USA	Navy	7
Paul Cordray	USA	Navy	7
William E. Crowe	USA	USMC	7
Claude J. Crenshaw	USA	Army Air Force	7 (+3 ground)
Daniel G. Cunningham	USA	Navy	7
George H. Davidson	USA	Army Air Force	7
George A. Davis, Jr.	USA	Army Air Force	7
Zachary W. Dean	USA	Army Air Force	7
John W. Dear	USA	Navy	7
Paul P. Douglas	USA	Army Air Force	7
Irwin H. Dregne	USA	Army Air Force	7 (+5½ ground)
John S. Dunaway	USA	Army Air Force	7
Frederick L. Duncan	USA	Navy	7
Robert W. Duncan	USA	Navy	7
Herbert Eckard	USA	Navy	7
Vincent T. Elliott	USA	Army Air Force	7
Alred J. Fecke	USA	Navy	7
Walter G. Benz, Jr.ick A. Rowland	USA	Army Air Force	7
Walter G. Benz, Jr.ick A. Rowland	USA	Army Air Force	7
Walter G. Benz, Jr.ick A. Rowland	USA	Army Air Force	7
Walter G. Benz, Jr.ick A. Rowland	USA	Army Air Force	7

|}

[edit] korea

Caldwell-class destroyers

Name	Country	Service	Victories
George A. Davis, Jr.	USA	Air Force	14 (+7 WW2)
Col. James P. Hagerstrom	USA	Air Force	8½ (+6 WW2)
Col. John F. Bolt	USA	USMC	6 (+6 WW2)
Col. Harrison R. Thyng	USA	Air Force	5 (+6 WW2)

[edit] Annapolis-class DDs

Annapolis-class destroyers

British name (USN name)	Laid Down	Launched	Commissioned	Builder	Fate
Tucker					CG.23 25/3/26, DD-57 1/11/33 for new construction, stricken 24/10/36 and scrapped
DD-58 Coyningham	27/7/14	8/7/15	21/1/16	William Cramp Ship Building Co. (Philadelphia)	CG-2 7/6/24, DD-58 1/11/33 for new construction, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped
DD-59 Porter	24/8/14	26/8/15	17/4/16	William Cramp Ship Building Co. (Philadelphia)	CG-7 7/6/24, DD-59 1/11/33 for new construction, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped
DD-60 Wadsworth	23/2/14	29/4/15	25/7/15	Bath Iron Works (Bath, ME)	stricken 7/1/36 and scrapped
DD-61 Jacob Jones	3/8/14	29/5/15	10/2/16	New York Shipbuilding Co. (Camden, NJ)	torpedoed U-53 off Scilly Is. 6/12/1917
DD-62 Wainwright	1/9/14	12/6/15	12/5/16	New York Shipbuilding Co. (Camden, NJ)	CG-24 2/4/26, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped
DD-63 Sampson	15/4/15	4/3/16	27/6/16	Fore River (Quincy, MA)	stricken 7/1/36 and scrapped
DD-64 Rowan	10/5/15	23/3/16	22/8/16	Fore River (Quincy, MA)	decommissioned 19/6/22, stricken 7/1/36 and scrapped
DD-65 Davis	7/5/15	15/8/16	5/10/16	Bath Iron Works (Bath, ME)	CG-21 25/3/26, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped
DD-66 Allen	10/5/15	5/12/16	24/1/17	Bath Iron Works (Bath, ME)	decommissioned reserve Philadelphia 3/28, recommissioned 23/8/40, stricken 1/11/45 and scrapped
DD-67 Wilkes	March 11 1915.	May 18 1916	November 10 1916.	William Cramp Ship Building Co. (Philadelphia)	CG-25 25/3/26, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped
DD-68 Shaw	7/2/16	9/12/16	9/4/17	Mare Island Navy Yd (San Francisco)	collision troopship Aquitania 9/10/1918, CG-22 25/3/26, stricken 5/7/34 and scrapped

[edit] Annapolis

The Annapolis-class were fifteen of fifty old United States Navy destroyers turned over to Britain in 1940. Their three after funnels were cut down, mainmast and aft TT removed, and 76mm diplaced the "Y" 102mm, reducing tophamper to accomodate ASW weapons and more depth charges for convoy escort. (In addition, Annapolis had her aft boiler and stack removed to allow to additional fuel oil stowagea as a long-range escort.) Only two of the class were lost, Brighton, to U-101 off Ireland on 18 October 1941, and Bath.

Annapolis, Columbia, Niagara, and St. Clair were turned over to RCN in 9/40. In 10/40, Hamilton collided with Georgetown, only to go aground shortly after repairs and return to drydock; RN then turned her over to RCN, entering service 6/41.

St. Albans (until 1943), Newport (until 1943), and Bath were operated by Free Norwegian Navy. Bath was torpedoed by U-204 off Ireland 19 August 1941.

The class was gradually phased out, their crews sent to new construction. Newport and Newmarket in 1942 and Annapolis and Newark in 1944 became aircraft targets, the others transferred to training duties or reserve beginning in 1943.

In July and August 1944, Georgetown, Roxburgh, and St. Albans were turned over to the Soviet Navy as Zhostky, Doblestni, and Dostoyni.

All the British ships were scrapped between 1945 and 1947, the Soviet vessels returned in 1949 and 1952 and similarly scrapped.

Displacement: 1020 tons (standard), 1125 tons (normal) Length: 93.88m (308') wl, 96.2m (315'6") oa Beam: 9.52m (31'3") Draft: 2.44m (8') Machinery: (DD.69-71) Thornycroft boilers, Parsons geared turbines, two shafts: 20000shp=35kt (DD.72-73) White-Forster boilers, Parsons turbines, three shafts: 18500hp=30kt Armament: 4" (102mm)/50cal guns (4x1), 1x1pdr (28mm, 1.1") AA, later 1x76mm (3") AA; 12 53cm torpedo tubes (TT; 2x3, each beam) Crew: 146

[edit] Sources

• Fitzsimons, Bernard, General Editor. The Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare, Volume 18, p.1927-8, "Mogami". London: Phoebus, 1978.
• http://www.navsource.org/archives

Template:Annapolis class destroyer

General Characteristics
Displacement:	1200 tons (full load)
Length:	95.8m (314'3") oa
Beam:	9.8m (31'9")
Draft:	2.95m (9' 9")
Machinery:	two shaft geared turbines
Power:	27000shp (26000shp in Newport News ships)
Speed:	35 knots
Complement:	145
Armament:	4 in (102 mm)/50cal (4x1), 1x76mm (3") AA, 3x12.7mm (0.5") MG, 12 53cm (21") TT (4x3)

---

For the 1931 Fleet Replenishment Program, believing themselves understrength in cruisers, IJN chose to build to the maximum allowed by the Washington Treaty. This resulted in the choice of 155mm in five triple turrets (a first for Japan) for the Mogamis, also capable of 55° elevation, making Mogamis unique in having DP main battery; this was coupled with very heavy AA protection, as well as the standard reloadable turreted torpedo tubes, also unique to IJN.

To save weight, electric welding was used, as was aluminum in the superstructure. Weight compelled reduction to only ten boilers (compared to twelve in the previous Atago and Nachi classes), trunked into a single stack (which also saved tophamper). The new impulse geared turbines added 22000shp over Atago, increasing speed 1.5kt (2.8kph). Protection, however, was not stinted on; the class proved able to take substantial punishment.

The designers, however, had overreached; excessive topweight led to instability, and gunnery trials revealed cracking hull welds. Hull bulges were retrofitted to Mogami and Mikuma, and added to Kumano and Suzuya, increasing beam to 19.2m (63') and displacement to 11200 tons, cutting speed 2kt (3.7kph).

Beginning in 1939, the class was brought in for substantial reconstruction, converting the triple 155mm turrets to twin 203mm (8"), turning over the 155mm turrets to Yamato. Torpedo bulges were also added; in all, displacement rose to 12400 tons, speed dropping to 34.5kt (63.8kph).

All four attended at the Battle of Midway, where Mogami and Mikuma collided trying to avoid a submarine attack; Mikuma was finished off 6 June 1942 by Enterprise and Hornet aircraft. Mikuma limped home and spent ten months in yard, during which her afterparts were completely rebuilt, "X" and "Y" turrets replaced by a flight deck (with the intention to operate 11 aircraft).

The survivors were rejoined at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, all taking heavy damage. Mogami, heavily damaged by battleship gunfire <--from?!-->, was scuttled by Akebono, while Kumano stumbled into Manila harbor on one boiler, to be put out of her misery by Halsey's aviators on 25 November 1944; they mauled Suzuya the same day, and she was was scuttled by Okinami on 27 November.

• Blair, Clay, Jr. Silent Victory. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1975.
• Fitzsimons, Bernard, General Editor. The Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare, Volume 18, p.1927-8, "Mogami". London: Phoebus, 1978.

[[:Template:Mogami-class cruiser]]

General Characteristics
Displacement:	8500 tons (full load)
Length:	201.6m (661'5")
Beam:	18m (59')
Draft:	5.5m (18')
Machinery:	four-shaft impulse single geared turbines
Power:	152000shp
Speed:	37 knots
Complement:	850
Protection:	100mm (3.9") belt, 35mm (1.4") deck, 25mm (1") turrets, 127mm (5") magazines
Armament:	15 155mm (6.1") (5x3) DP, 8 127mm (5") DP, 4 40mm (1.57") AA, 12 60cm (24") TT (4x3), 3 Type 1 scout aircraft

Name	Builder	Laid	Launched	Completed
Mogami	Kure Navy Yard	10/31	3/34	7/35
Mikuma	Mitsubishi, Nagasaki	12/31	5/34	8/35
Suzuya	Yokosuka Navy Yard	12/33	11/34	10/37
Kumano	Kawasaki, Kobe	4/34	10/36	10/37