Treaty of Giyanti

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The treaty of Giyanti was an agreement between the Dutch East Indies, Sultanate of Mataram (represented by Sunan Pakubuwono III), and rebel from Prince Mangkubumi's group that became solution for insurgency taking place in Mataram after Sultan Agung's death. The treaty signed in March 1755 marked the end of independent Sultanate of Mataram de facto and de jure. The name of Giyanti is taken from the location of the treaty, Giyanti (Dutch spelling, now Janti village) in the southeast of Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah.

According to this agreement, Mataram's territory was divided into 2: the eastern territory of Opak River (across Prambanan now) was reigned by Mataram heir (Sunan Pakubuwono III) and still stayed in Surakarta, and the western territory (actual Mataram territory) was ceded to Prince Mangkubumi crowned as Sultan Hamengkubuwono I staying in Yogyakarta. There were many articles that the Dutch East Indies could determine who would control the 2 territory if necessary.

The treaty of Giyanti didn't end insurgency yet because Prince Sambernyawa (Raden Mas Said) still fought against Pakubuwono III. The background of this treaty is perpetuated in a babad called Babad Giyanti.