Transmetalation
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Transmetalation (alt. spelling: transmetallation) is a general chemical reaction type in organometallic chemistry describing the exchange of ligands between two metal centers.
The metal centers need not be the same. The ligands R and R' can be organic or inorganic. The double displacement reaction is conceptually related.
Transmetalation is important in the synthesis of various organometallic compounds. Silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes are easily formed, and are often used to transfer the carbene ligands to other metals containing labile ligands such as acetonitrile or 1,5-cyclooctadiene.[1] Where L-H+ denotes the ligand precursor:
- 2 L-H+ + Ag2O → L2Ag+...AgX- (X = ligand precursor counteranion)
- L-Ag...AgX + PdCl2MeCN2 → PdL2Cl2
This reaction type also appears frequently in the catalytic cycle of various metal catalysed organic reactions such as the Stille reaction and the Negishi coupling.
[edit] References
- ^ Wang, H. M. J., Lin, I. J. B. (1998). "Facile Synthesis of Silver(I)-Carbene Complexes. Useful Carbene Transfer Agents". Organometallics 17 (5): 972-975. DOI:10.1021/om9709704.
Principles: Electron counting, 18-Electron rule, Isolobal principle, π backbonding
Reactions: Oxidative addition, Reductive elimination, Beta-hydride elimination, Transmetalation, Carbometalation
Types of compounds: Gilman reagent, Grignard reagents, Cyclopentadienyl complexes, Metallocenes, Sandwich compound, Transition metal carbene complexes
Applications: Monsanto process, Ziegler-Natta catalyst, Olefin metathesis
Related branches of chemistry: Organic chemistry - Inorganic chemistry - Bioinorganic chemistry
