Trainphone
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Trainphone was the Pennsylvania Railroad's system for voice communication between train crews on moving trains and with dispatchers, tower operators and similar. It did not use radio, but rather electromagnetic induction. Railroads did not own any radio frequencies at the time, and the PRR's busy network found the previous methods (passing a physical paper message, or requiring a train to stop to pick up orders) insufficient. The trainphone system was first trialled in 1936 and perfected by 1943.
The system used the track itself, or lineside telegraph wires, as the "shore" transmitter. The trainphone signal — low frequency current in the hundreds of kilohertz — was passed through the track or wires and induced a corresponding current in the locomotive or car's receiving antenna. The range was only a hundred feet or so, but this was sufficient.
Mobile trainphone antennas took the form of long, handrail-looking structures atop the tender of steam locomotives, atop the bodies of diesel locomotives, or running the entire length of a cabin car (PRR-ese for caboose).
The engineer or other crew member would talk through a regular-looking telephone handset. An attention loudspeaker was also installed, but it was easier to hear the messages with the handset.
The biggest problem with the trainphone system was that it could not work in electrified zones, because of interference from the electric supply and electrical equipment on the locomotive. Since the electrified zones were among the PRR's busiest, this was a serious disadvantage.
The trainphone system was abandoned in the 1960s as radio took over.
[edit] References
- Britton, Jerry et al.. What Was the Pennsy's "Trainphone" System and How Did It Work?. Keystone Crossings. Retrieved on January 17, 2005.
- Daniels, Rudolph (2000). Trains Across the Continent: North American Railroad History (Second Edition). Indiana University Press, 195. ISBN 0-253-21411-4.
