Tomás de Bhaldraithe
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Tomás de Bhaldraithe (December 14, 1916 - April 24, 1996) was an Irish language scholar and lexicographer born Thomas MacDonagh Waldron in Limerick. He moved to Dublin with his family at the age of five. He was named after Thomas MacDonagh one of the signatories of the Proclamation of the Republic, who had been executed after the Easter Rising earlier that year. He adopted the use of the Irish language version of the name in both Irish and English.
He is best known for his English-Irish Dictionary, published in 1959, which forced a resolution of many long-standing controversies about the literary standard for Irish.
His stance on standard forms and spellings was supported by Éamon de Valera despite opposition from traditionalists in the Department of Education, and the work is widely seen as an important benchmark in Irish scholarship.
In 1960 he was appointed professor of modern Irish language and literature in University College Dublin, where he developed an impressive archive of material on Irish dialects. Much of the material in this archive was later used as the basis of Niall Ó Dónaill's Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, published in 1978, for which he was consulting editor.
The language laboratory which he set up in UCD was the first of its kind in any university in Britain or Ireland. His interest in seanchas (folklore) led to his publication of Seanchas Thomáis Laighléis in 1977, while his earlier work includes the ground-breaking study of the Cois Fharraige dialect, Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: Deilbhíocht. In later years he worked extensively on the definitive Irish dictionary, which remained unfinished when he died in 1996.
