Tlapanec language

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Tlapanec Meph'aa
Spoken in:	Mexico
Region:	Guerrero, Morelos
Total speakers:	approx. 75,000
Language family:	Oto-Mangue Tlapanec-Subtiaba Tlapanecan Tlapanec
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	`tpa`
ISO 639-3:	`tpc`
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key.

Tlapanec is a Mexican indigenous language spoken by around 75,000 Tlapanec people in the states of Guerrero and Morelos.^[1] Like other Oto-Manguean languages, it is tonal and has complex inflectional morphology. The Tlapanec themselves call their language Me'phaa.^[2]

Tlapanec was long regarded as unclassified. Later it was connected to Subtiaba of Nicaragua, and once linked to the controversial Hokan language family.^[3] More recent analyses have now definitively linked Tlapanec to the Oto-Manguean linguistic family, of which it forms its own subgroup along with the extinct and very closely related Subtiaba language.^[4]

Although originally from Guerrero, some Tlapanec speakers have recently settled in the state of Morelos near Chinameca.

1 Dialects
2 Notes
3 References
4 External links

[edit] Dialects

Ethnologue lists four principal varieties of Tlapanec:^[5]

Acatepec
Azoyú
Malinaltepec
Tlacoapa.

Others, including native speakers, identify as many as eight major dialects.^[6]

The Azoyú variety is the only natural language reported to have used the Pegative case.^[7]

[edit] Notes

^ Instituto Lingüístico de Verano (n.d.)
^ Instituto Lingüístico de Verano (n.d.)
^ Often (mis-)spelled as Tlappanec in publications at that time.
^ See Suárez (1977; 1986).
^ "Ethnologue report for Subtiaba-Tlapanec" (Gordon 2005).
^ Instituto Lingüístico de Verano (n.d.)
^ Wichmann (2005).

[edit] References

Fernández de Miranda, María Teresa (1968). "Inventory of Classifacatory Materials", in in Norman A. McQuown (Volume ed.): Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 5: Linguistics, R. Wauchope (General Editor), Austin: University of Texas Press, pp.63–78. ISBN 0-292-73665-7.

Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (Ed.) (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition, online version, Dallas, TX: SIL International. Retrieved on March 12, 2007.

Instituto Lingüístico de Verano (n.d.). Tlapanecan family. El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en México. Retrieved on March 13, 2007.

Sapir, Edward (1925). "The Hokan affinity of Subtiaba in Nicaragua". American Anthropologist (New Series) 27 (3,4): pp.402–435, 491–527. DOI:10.1525/aa.1925.27.3.02a00040.

Suárez, Jorge A. (1977). El tlapaneco como lengua Otomangue (MS), México, D.F.: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. (Spanish)
——— (1983). La lengua tlapaneca de Malinaltepec. México, D.F.: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filologicas. ISBN 968-5805-07-5. (Spanish)
——— (1986). "Elementos gramaticales otomangues en tlapaneco", in Benjamin F. Elson (ed.): Language in a global perspective (Papers in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Summer Institute of Linguistics 1935-1985. Dallas: The Summer Institute of Linguistics. ISBN 0-714-17263-5.

Swadesh, Morris (1968). "Lexicostatistic Classification", in Norman A. McQuown (Volume ed.): Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 5: Linguistics, R. Wauchope (General Editor), Austin: University of Texas Press, pp.79–116. ISBN 0-292-73665-7.

Weathers, Mark L. (1976). "Tlapanec 1975". International Journal of American Linguistics 42 (4): pp.367–371. ISSN 0020-7071.

Weathers, Mark L.; and Abad Carrasco Zúñiga (1989). Xó nitháán mè’phàà: Cómo se escribe el tlapaneco. México, D.F.: Editorial Cuajimalpa.

Wichmann, Søren (2005). "Tlapanec Cases" (PDF) in Conference on Otomanguean and Oaxacan Languages, March 19-21, 2004. Rosemary Beam de Azcona and Mary Paster (eds.) Report 13, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages: pp.133-145, Berkeley CA: University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved on 2007-03-12.