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- 1521: Maria Pacheco Padilla defends the city of Toledo, Spain for six months after her husband falls in battle.[1]
- 1530-1599: Abbakka, a ruler of Tulu Nadu in India fights the Portuguese army.
- 1533-1610: Lifetime of Amina, Nigerian princess and warleader.
- 1539-1540: Gaitana of the Paez leads the indigenous people of Columbia in armed resistance against the Spanish.
- 1541: Inés de Suárez, who came to the Americas to search her husband, fought with Pedro de Valdivia in Chile.
- 1541: Gaspar de Carvajal, a Dominican monk, reports being attacked by a band of armed women while travelling in Brazil.
- 1543: According to legend, Catherine Ségurane defends the city of Nice, France.
- February 12, 1545: Lady Lilliard fights in the Battle of Ancrum Moor.
- 1564: Indian queen Rani Durgawati leads her forces against the Mughal army, but is defeated.
- 1569: Marguerite Delaye loses an arm in while fighting Gaspard de Coligny during his siege of Montélimar. A one-armed statue is erected in her honor.
- 1569: Jane Howard, Countess of Westmoreland, is instrumental in raising the troops for unsuccessful Rising of the North.
- 1572: In defence of the city during a siege of Haarlem by Spanish troops, which lasted from December 1572 to 1573, Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer (1526–1588) supplied the Dutch forces with wood. She owned a wood company at Haarlem. Myth says she led a force of women defending the city and ever since "kenau" has been a Dutch expression for a harsh woman.
- 1577: Dutch woman Trijn van de Leemput allegedly rallies women in Utrecht against the Spanish.
- 1584: Mary Ambree participates in the fighting against the Spanish for the city of Ghent. A ballad is eventually written about her.[2]
- 1599: After defending Ahmednagar Sultanate against Mughal forces in late 1590s, Chand Bibi is murdered by her own troops.
- 17th century: Sikh woman Bibi Dalair Kaur fights the Moghuls by rallying 100 Sikh women against them. She is killed, and Sikhs consider her to be a martyr.
- 17th century: Queen Keladi Chennamma of the Keladi kingdom of India fights the Mughals.
- 17th century: Respective reigns of Jaga warrior queens Mussasa and Tembandumba.
- 17th century to 1894: Dahomey Amazons act as an all female regiment (under female command) of the west African Kingdom of Dahomey.
- 17th century: Hadi Rani, the wife of an Indian warrior, kills herself because she believed that her being alive was preventing her husband from doing his duty as a warrior. She has a messenger present her severed head to her husband, who, having nothing left to live for, fights bravely until he is killed.
- 1600: Inahime, a Japanese princess, particpates in the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 1619: Catalina de Erauso fights in the Arauco War while disguised as a man.
- September 13, 1624: Ketevan the Martyr, a Georgian queen, is tortured to death after offering herself as a hostage to Shah Abbas I to prevent war.
- June 5, 1639: Lady Ann Cummingham leads a mixed-sex cavalry troop in the Battle of Berwick.
- 1643: Lady Mary Bankes defends Corfe Castle from a siege in the English Civil War.
- 1643: Lady Brilliana Harley defends Brampton Castle during the English Civil War.
- 1643: Henrietta Maria of France returns to England from France, landing in Yorkshire and joining Royalist troops in the English Civil War.
- 1644: Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby defends Latham House from Parliamentarian Forces.
- 1670: Alyona, a Russian female ataman rebel, is burned at the stake.
- 1675-1676: King Philip's War. Awashonks, female chief of the Sakonnet tribe, initially supports Metacomet, but later makes peace with the colonists.
- 1676: Colonists request that Pamunkey chief Queen Anne furnish warriors to fight in Bacon's Rebellion. She initially refuses on the grounds that her tribe was neglected by the colonists for twenty years, but relents when the colonists promise better treatment for her tribe.
- August 1676: Weetamoo of the Wampanoag fights against the English. She drowns in the Taunton River trying to escape.
- 1688: A coup takes place in Siam. Women drilled in the use of muskets replace the mercenaries and samurai who had served the old government. They are led by a woman named Ma Ying Taphan.
- 1690s: Kit Cavanagh disguises herself as a man in order to fight as a dragoon. She eventually fights openly as a woman.[3]
- 1690: Anne Chamberlyne, a female tar who disguised herself as man, fights the French at Beachy Head.
- 1697: New England colonist Hannah Duston is captured by Abenaki Native Americans during a raid. She kills ten of them while they were asleep and escapes with the other prisoners, taking their scalps with her. She is possibly the first woman in the United States to be honored with a statue.
- Early 18th century: Juliana Dias da Costa rides on a war elephant alongside her husband, Mughal emperor of India Bahadur Shah I, in battles to defend his authority.[4]
- 18th century: Kaipkire of the Herero leads forces against British slave traders.[5]
- 18th century: Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya leads military resistance movement to prevent foreign takeover of Mecca.
- 1700: Tarabai, a queen of the Maratha empire in India, leads a war against invading Mughals.
- 1700-1721 Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar serves in the Swedish army under Charles XII of Sweden during the Great Northern War. Margareta Elisabeth Roos may have served as well, but this has never been confirmed.
- 1704: Mai Bhago leads Sikh soldiers against the Mughals.
- 1730s-1740s: Female Ho-chunk chief Glory of the Morning allies her tribe with the French in order to battle the Fox tribe.
- 1720-1739: Granny Nanny, a spiritual leader of the Maroons of Jamacia, leads rebel slaves in First Maroon War against the British.
- 1740: Ann Mills fights on the frigate Maidenstone. She had disguised herself as a man in order to become a dragoon.
- 1745: Countess Mary Hay raises an army of Buchan men for Prince Charles Edward Stuart.
- 1745: Lady Anne Farquharson-MacKintosh raises 200-400 men of her clan to fight in the Jacobite rising, but does not lead them.
- 1745: Phoebe Hessel fights in the Battle of Fontenoy with her lover. She had disguised herself as a man and joined the British Army to be near him.
- 1750: Hannah Snell, a British woman who had disguised herself as a man in order to become a Royal Marine, has her military service officially recognized and is granted a pension.
[edit] References
- ^ Salmonson, Jessica Amanda (1991). The Encyclopedia of Amazons. Paragon House, p.208. ISBN 1-55778-420-5.
- ^ Salmonson, p.10-11.
- ^ Salmonson, p. 52
- ^ Salmonson, p.136.
- ^ Salmonson, p. 139
[edit] See also
