Thomas Whenstone
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Thomas Whenstone (1630 - 1668?) was an English privateer and naval officer whose career resulted from nepotism and his connections to Oliver Cromwell, his maternal uncle.
Whenstone was probably born in the Netherlands, as his father was an army officer, and his mother was the favorite sister of Oliver Cromwell. During the Interregnum, Whenstone volunteered for naval service on the expedition to Hispanola in 1654. Because of pressure from the Lord Protector, Whenstone went from volunteer to lieutenant to command of a ship called Golden Cock on the return to England. In 1656, he was put in command of Phoenix and then Fairfax the next year. In 1657, he was put in command of a squadron in the Mediterranean. Acting as a privateer, Whenstone disobeyed direct orders and sold a prize ship of grain for his own profit. When his command was revoked in response, Whenstone deserted and sailed his ship for Algiers.
Oliver Cromwell's support was unswayed, however. In 1658, he was supposed to lead a command of ships that would collaborate with the French in an attack on Spain. However, Whenstone stayed in port, quarrelling and trading, and the venture never formed. When Cromwell died in September of 1658, Whenstone was relieved of command and taken prisoner.
A court martial was scheduled, approved by Richard Cromwell, but it failed to meet, and Whenstone went over to the royalist side. In 1659, he sailed to meet Charles II of Great Britain, who knighted Whenstone and sent him to rally the British navy and convince them to change sides. Whenstone, however, was reviled, and when he went over, he was arrested and sent to Flanders for trial. At the Restoration, he was back in England, imprisoned in Marshalsea for debts.
Eventually, Charles II granted Whenstone 100 pounds sterling and a letter of recommendation to become a planter in Jamaica. Additionally, Whenstone married a widow who carried with her some wealth. In Jamaica, the governor, Sir Thomas Modyford, helped Whenstone, and he was soon a leader of the colony. In 1663, Whenstone commanded thirteen privateers, and the next year he was the speaker of the assembly for Jamaica. His forces seized the Spanish-held Providence Island in 1666, but the Spanish retook the island and sent Whenstone, in chains, to Panama. He was eventually released from prison, but his name disappears from public records around 1668. It is presumed that he died in that year.
[edit] References
- Capp, Bernard. "Thomas Whenstone". In Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. vol. 58, 461-2. London: OUP, 2004.
