Thiophosgene

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Thiophosgene
Thiophosgene Thiophosgene
General
Systematic name Thiophosgene
Other names Thiocarbonylchloride
Molecular formula CSCl2
SMILES  ?
Molar mass 114.98 g/mol
Appearance yellow liquid
CAS number [463-71-8]
Properties
Density and phase 1.50 g/cm3
Solubility in water decomp.
Other solvents polar organic solvents
rxn with amines, ROH
Melting point  ? °C (? K)
Boiling point 70-75 °C (? K)
Viscosity  ? cP at ? °C
Structure
Molecular shape planar, sp2, C2v
Dipole moment  ? D
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
Main hazards highly toxic
NFPA 704

0
3
0
R/S statement R: 22-23-36/37/38
S: 7-9-36/37-45
RTECS number XN2450000
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties
n, 1.548
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related compounds COCl2
SCl2

SOCl2

Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Thiophosgene is a yellow liquid with the formula CSCl2. This compound has a trigonal planar geometry. It possesses two reactive C-Cl bonds that allow this reagent to be used in diverse procedures related to organic synthesis.

Contents

[edit] Synthesis of CSCl2

CSCl2 is prepared in a two-step process from CS2. In the first step, CS2 is chlorinated to give trichloromethanesulfenylchloride, CCl3SCl:

CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl3SCl + S2Cl2

The chlorination must be controlled as excess chlorine converts CCl3SCl into CCl4. Steam distillation separates the CCl3SCl, a rare sulfenyl chloride, and hydrolyzes the S2Cl2. Reduction of CCl3SCl produces thiophosgene:

CCl3SCl + M → CSCl2 + MCl2

Typically, tin is used for the reducing agent M.

[edit] Uses of CSCl2

CSCl2 is mainly used to prepare compounds with the connectivity CSX2 where X = OR, NHR. Such reactions proceed via intermediate such as CSClX. Under certain conditions, one can convert primary amines into isothiocyanates. CSCl2 also serves as a dienophile to give, after reduction 5-thiacyclohexene derivatives.

[edit] Safety considerations

CSCl2 is considered highly toxic.

[edit] References

  • Dyson, G. M. "Thiophosgene" Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 1, p.506; Vol. 6, p.86.
  • Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  • Sharma, S. "Thiophosgene in Organic Synthesis" Synthesis, 1978, pages 804-820.

[edit] External links

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