Thiaminase
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thiaminase is an enzyme that metabolizes or breaks down thiamine into two molecular parts.
The old name was "Aneurinase". [1]
There are two types: [2]
[edit] Sources
Source include:
- Bracken (brake) and other plants.[3]
- Raw fish, such as carp and goldfish.[4]
- A few strains of bacteria like Bacillus thiaminolyticus, Bacillus aneurinolyticus[5], or Bacillus subtilis.[6]
- An African silk worm, Anaphe venata.[7]
[edit] Effects
Its physiological meaning for the plant, fish, bacterial cell or insect is not known.
It was first described as the cause of highly mortal ataxic neuropathy in fur producing foxes eating raw entrails of river fish like carp in 1941.
It is also known as the etiology of cerebrocortical necrosis of cattle and polioencephalomalasia of sheep eating thiaminase containing plants.[8]
It is also causing economical losses in raising fisheries, e.g. in yellowtail fed raw anchovy as a sole feed for a certain period, and also in sea bream and rainbow trout.
The larvae of a wild silk worm Anaphe venata are being consumed in a rain forest district of Nigeria as a supplemental protein nutrition, and the heat resistant thiaminase in it is causing an acute seasonal ataxia with symptoms of intention tremor, cerebellar ataxia with gait, truncal ataxia and disturbance of consciousness or nystagmus in some cases.[7]
In 1860-61 - Burke and Wills were the first Europeans to cross Australia south to north; on their return they consumed raw nardoo-fern and died of beriberi.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ Ito Y (1955). "Studies on the thiamin decomposing bacterium. VIII. Morphological and biochemical studies on thiamin decomposing bacterium; with relationship to its life cycle and mode of aneurinase production". Acta Sch Med Univ Kioto 32 (3): 145-78. PMID 14398463.
- ^ a b http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/toxicagents/thiaminase/thiaminase.html
- ^ Watkin J, Thomas A, Evans W (1953). "Identity of the natural co-factor of bracken thiaminase". Biochem J 54 (2): xiii-xiv. PMID 13058899.
- ^ Boś M, Kozik A (2000). "Some molecular and enzymatic properties of a homogeneous preparation of thiaminase I purified from carp liver". J Protein Chem 19 (2): 75-84. PMID 10945431.
- ^ Ikehata H (1956). "Isolation of the thiamine destruction products by the thiaminase of Bacillus aneurinolyticus". J Vitaminol (Kyoto) 2 (3): 242-4. PMID 13385960.
- ^ Toms A, Haas A, Park J, Begley T, Ealick S (2005). "Structural characterization of the regulatory proteins TenA and TenI from Bacillus subtilis and identification of TenA as a thiaminase II". Biochemistry 44 (7): 2319-29. PMID 15709744.
- ^ a b Adamolekun B, Ibikunle F (1994). "Investigation of an epidemic of seasonal ataxia in Ikare, western Nigeria". Acta Neurol Scand 90 (5): 309-11. PMID 7887129.
- ^ Ramos J, Marca C, Loste A, García de Jalón J, Fernández A, Cubel T (2003). "Biochemical changes in apparently normal sheep from flocks affected by polioencephalomalacia". Vet Res Commun 27 (2): 111-24. PMID 12718505.
 |
This enzyme-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Dihydropteroate synthetase - Porphobilinogen deaminase - Spermidine synthase - Thiaminase I
