Thetan
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In Scientology, the concept of thetan is similar to the concept of spirit or soul found in other belief systems.
Thetans have been described in the Church of Scientology in a number of ways:
- A "thetan is an immortal spiritual being; the human soul."[1]
- "The being who is the individual and who handles and lives in the body."[2]
- "A thetan is not a thing, a thetan is the creator of things."[2]
- A thetan is "the person himself -- not his body or his name, the physical universe, his mind, or anything else; that which is aware of being aware; the identity which is the individual. The thetan is most familiar to one and all as you." [2]
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[edit] Thetan in Scientology doctrine
The term and concept were introduced by Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard, who adopted the Greek letter theta (Θ) to represent "the source of life and life itself". [3]
Hubbard first spoke of "theta-beings" in a lecture series of March 1952. [4] He attributed the coining of the word to his wife Mary Sue. [5]
Hubbard once defined a thetan as: "...having no mass, no wave-length, no energy and no time or location in space except by consideration or postulate. The spirit is not a thing. It is the creator of things." [2] Nonetheless, in a lecture series later published as a book ("The Phoenix Lectures"), he pointed to a study that implied a thetan manifests a small but measurable amount of mass:
- "From some experiments conducted about fifteen or twenty years ago--a thetan weighed about 1.5 ounces [45 grams]! Who made these experiments? Well, a doctor made these experiments. He weighed people before and after death, retaining any mass. He weighed the person, bed and all, and he found that the weight dropped at the moment of death about 1.5 ounces [45 grams] and some of them 2 ounces [60 grams]. (Those were heavy thetans.)" [6]
Hubbard's description of the unnamed doctor's experimental procedures appears to match the experiments done by Dr. Duncan MacDougall, although MacDougall's attempts to measure the weight of dying patients to determine the weight of the soul took place about fifty years before Hubbard's lectures, not fifteen or twenty. MacDougall's experiments are generally not regarded as having any sort of scientific validity.[7]
According to Hubbard's son Ronald DeWolf (born L. Ron Hubbard, Jr.), his father stated that thetans are immortal and perpetual, having willed themselves into existence at some point several trillion years ago. [8] [9] After they originated, thetans generated "points to view" or "dimension points", causing space to come into existence. They agreed that other thetans' dimension points existed, thus bringing into existence the entire universe. All matter, energy, space, and time exists solely because thetans agree that it exists.
Jon Atack, whose book A Piece of Blue Sky details how he reached Operating Thetan level V before leaving Scientology, describes Hubbard's doctrines about thetans: "Thetans are all-knowing beings, and became bored because there were no surprises. Hubbard asserted that the single most important desire in all beings is to have a 'game'. To have a 'game' it was necessary to 'not know' certain things, so certain perceptions were negated ('not-is-ed')." Since thetans knew everything, this required them to abandon or suppress perceptions and knowledge. Over time, the loss of perception accumulated and certain thetans began to cause harm to others. MEST (physical) beings also sought to "trap" thetans in order to control them. Thetans came to learn contrition, punishing themselves for their own "harmful" acts. [10]
According to Hubbard, an essential part of the thetans' game was the "conquest" of matter, energy, space, and time by the life force, theta. This has produced multiple universes which have ended and begun in succession, each new one being more solid and entrapping than the last. The thetans have by now become so enmeshed in the physical universe that many have identified themselves totally with it, forgetting their quadrillions of years of existence and their original godly powers. [10]
Nonetheless, thetan powers are said to remain potent and restorable. One of the Church of Scientology's stated goals is "the rehabilitation of the human spirit", by which it means the restoration of the thetan's original abilities. Hubbard claims that thetans are able to change reality through "postulates" - decisions made by the individual about the nature of the reality around them. Some thetans are said to have (mis)used this ability to "implant" others with hypnotic suggestions, forcing other thetans to "cluster" around bodies (hence body thetans). This sort of directed control is referred to as "other-determinism". Scientology seeks to undo it and return the thetan to "self-determinism", where he can control himself and his environment. The eventual goal is to achieve "pan-determinism", where he acts for the good of all.
[edit] Operating Thetan
According to Scientology doctrine, a thetan exists whether operating a human body or not. Scientology advertises itself as being able to "rehabilitate" the thetan of a practitioner to a state where the individual can operate with or without a body. The term "operating thetan" would then apply as it does when an individual is operating a body. The Operating Thetan (OT) levels are the upper level courses in Scientology.
The Church defines "operating thetan" as "knowing and willing cause over life, thought, and matter, energy, space and time (MEST)." [11]
The Church of Scientology states as a point of doctrine that an individual exists with or without a body.[12] Scientology claims that people with proper Scientology training can "exteriorize with full perceptics" (leave the body in spirit form and return) after completing OT levels, but this claim has yet to be validated by any research.
[edit] Body thetan
A Body Thetan is an alien thetan who is 'stuck' in, on or near a human body, and all human bodies are said to be covered in these misplaced thetans, or clusters of them. This information is not divulged until a Scientologist reaches the third Operating Thetan level (or OT III). Most Body Thetans were said by Hubbard to be a result of the Xenu incident. [1]
Further still, by the time the subject reaches the level of OT VII, it is revealed to him that his physical body is not just covered with Body Thetans, but is literally composed of them.
[edit] Notes and References
- ^ Official Glossary of Scientology & Dianetics Terms
- ^ a b c d Hubbard (June 1975). Dianetics and Scientology Technical Dictionary. Bridge Publications, 432. ISBN 0-88404-037-2.
- ^ Science of Survival, L. Ron Hubbard pg.3 pub. Publications Organization ISBN 0-88404-001-1
- ^ Scientology: Milestone One, L. Ron Hubbard pub. Golden Era Productions. Audio lectures with transcripts
- ^ Hubbard, The Auditor 21, p.1
- ^ Hubbard, The Phoenix Lectures, p. 147. Bridge Publications, 1982 ISBN 0-88404-006-2.
- ^ Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P. (2003-10-27). Soul Man. Snopes. Retrieved on 2007-02-17. “MacDougall's ... methodology ... was suspect, [his] sample size far too small, and [his] ability to measure changes in weight imprecise. For this reason, credence should not be given to the idea his experiments proved something, let alone that they measured the weight of the soul ... His postulations on this topic are a curiousity, but nothing more.”
- ^ PBS Late Night interview with Ron DeWolf
- ^ Hopkins, Joseph M., Is L. Ron Hubbard Dead?, Christianity Today, 18 February 1983, p 31
- ^ a b Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky. New York, NY: Carol Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8184-0499-X.
- ^ L. Ron Hubbard's Congress Lectures: Glossary, "OT", Bridge Publications Inc.
- ^ Church of Scientology, Scientology Beliefs, accessed 03/28/06
[edit] External links
- What is Scientology: “The Parts of Man” a description of the thetan
- ScientologyToday: What is a thetan?
