Talk:The Holocaust/Archive 13

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Judenräte

A distinguishing feature of the Holocaust, according to historical analysis and the concensus of the article's editors, and what separates it from other genocides during WW2 (and other genocides in history), was the "efficient" manner of its implementation by the perpetrators (2.1) Yet there is no mention anywhere in the article about the role of the Judenräte in the deportation of the Jews under their watch to the camps. The leaders of the various Judenräte had different approaches to the job of providing slave labor to the Nazi regime -- distributing rations to the occupants of the Ghettos, deciding who would get on the trains, and other tasks -- but it's clear that they played a fundamental role in the organization of the round-ups and deportations. It's also clear that many of them knew that the trains were bound for extermination camps in the end, not just labor camps. Various sources also state the corrupt nature of councils, citing how it was possible, for example, to avoid deportation with a payment or bribe. Resistance was futile, of course, but the cooperation must be noted because it contributed to the "efficiency" of the Final Solution. If we omit this due to sensitivity, or because we read into the accounts that such actions must have been performed reluctantly, we risk damaging the credibility of the article; among the other entries in the "collaborators" section there is no such defense given. Where does this discussion belong: 2.1, 7.1, 7.3, 8.1, 10, and/or 12? I propose 10 and 12 among these because some Zionists argued for a sovereign state precisely because of the compromised role Jews were forced to play, the logic being that as sovereign constituents they would never again be forced to participate in their own destruction. Patrekursson 05:29, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

(I injected some Umlauts into the preceding paragraph to make it's heading less ambiguous Wefa 21:50, 15 January 2007 (UTC) )

Archived

Nothing much about the actual article was going on, so I figured it was a good day to archive. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 18:39, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Jpgordon, other than personal attacks on me for trying to learn more about the Holocaust so I can debate Revisionists, you're right that archiving it was the right thing to do. Jtpaladin 18:27, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

rewording

24.68.157.4 00:00, 9 January 2007 (UTC) "Incineration was at first considered infeasible until it was discovered that furnaces could be kept at a high enough temperature to be sustained by the body fat of the bodies alone."

Might that read better as "Incineration was at first considered infeasible until it was discovered that furnaces could be sustained at a high enough temperature by the body fat of the bodies alone."? It's a bit confusing first time around.

Any record that this was a German idea - self-cremation with the deads' own body fat. A link on this would be good. I thought the idea of body fat cremation developed after the war to explain the lack of fuel that was available to the Germans to cremate the victims. I have never heard of any actual German document even remotely mentioning what would have been akin to cold fusion. Is this a witness testimony idea, if so, from what year? I have never heard of this technolgy being used before or since the 1940s, and in no other place but Poland. Could McDonalds, beef processors, Perdue, etc use this same technique - why don't they - would it work in the US or is this a Poland specific thing. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.219 (talkcontribs) 12:56, January 9, 2007 (UTC)

  • I dunno about present-day uses. The invention of the multiple muffle incineration furnace was certainly German -- the documentation of the invention and delivery of these is available -- and is a necessary part of such an assembly line operation. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 14:58, 9 January 2007 (UTC)


Is the documentation on the capacities of these furnaces available? Link? Dates on the first mention of bodies burning from their own fat? I actually thought the burning with their own fat involved outdoor cremations, but maybe I am mixing up camps. If this technology was so highly advanced in Germany in the 1940, what happened since - no current use? lost knowledge?

  • (a) Please sign your posts with ~~~~. (b) Well, there's not a lot of use for high-capacity 24-hour crematoriums. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 18:18, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
Yeah, the Topf double-muffle furnace is well documented, it was patented, variations on it were patented, construction diagrams were left in Auschwitz, I have seen reprints of the above in three books just in the past week since this has been "debated". As Jpgordon suggests, the on-site cremation of huge quantities at a time is not something that is profitable at the present time, and building a portable one to ship around to sites of mass disaster doesn't seem feasible. Makes one wonder just what conditions there might have been in the 1940s in Germany which would have made Topf find a good potential market for designing, patenting, and building such devices, hmm? (And why in the world would MacDonalds, Perdue, etc. want to efficiently cremate the animals they slaughter for resale as food????)Gzuckier 16:58, 10 January 2007 (UTC)


The US Agricultre Dept could use this technology ( or at least have it ready ) when they have to dispose of livestock, disease etc. I am sure there would be found many uses for this technology, to say nothing of the offshoots of it. ( We the scare we are always told about - pandemic flu - millions might die - being able to cremate millions would be necessary. Fuelless cremation would be more than a minor benefit. Finding the documentation would not be a sensless endeavor - maybe someone knows whwere to look, I have far too little expertise in thermaltechnology to find it but some wikipedian must have, or know someone who does. A scientist could be a good first step, maybe someone know a scientist who will vouch for the idea. )Do you have a link as to the scientific basis of this? Link? Whether it is of use or not, it can't be documented ( citation needed unless we have a link to something scientific ) without some link. PS Reading the main article over again I noticed that there are many places that continue to need citations. They appear to be issues that are virtually uncitationable ( a new word? ). What is eventually done when no citation can be produced or the citation is a circular reference? Wiki policy - can the uncitated section continue that way forever? 159.105.80.219 14:30, 11 January 2007 (UTC)


Anyway all science is worthy of pursuit, particularly scientific events that have multiple witnesses. I have never seen a "scientist" venture forth on this subject or maybe I just haven't seen the link yet. 159.105.80.219 14:37, 11 January 2007 (UTC)


I'm afraid there appears to be little fruitful discussion at Talk:Cremation. The modern science seems to be centered at a temperature way higher than open air burning or fat can produce - forced air with lots of high BTU fuel seems to be the modern trend. Other methods - India etc - seem to require lots of time and lots of wood and then it appears the job is only partially done, at least for the poor. The modern times are also very slow compared to the German 1940ish technology. Since this technology seems to have only been used in Poland in the 1940s - by the Germans - and is a lynchpin of the extermination camps - it appears to be a Holocaust subject. Is the Topf company still in existence?159.105.80.219 20:44, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

  • Well -- the purpose of these pages isn't for general discussion about the topic; it's for discussing the content of the pages. Anyway, the Topf company no longer exists, though it did have some post-WWII existence. If you can read German, this is a pretty good history of the company. (The automatic translation is a little silly, as always.) --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 00:10, 12 January 2007 (UTC)

Incineration using human body fat is in the body of the main article. That statement deserves a citation if you have one. The article has created the discussion - particularly when it is such a dubious claim ( unless of course you have a citation - preferably of some scientific weight ).

PS The wiki article "Holocaust denial" after discussing "Censorship" seems to have been closed - wiki does have a sense of humor - abruptly. Any info on why the locking of the discussion page - maybe the watchlist participants got exhausted or ran out of ideas. The "Censorship" section of the page is particularly funny/appalling/???/(can't think of a good term).


RE "the purpose of these pages ....... it's for discussing the content of the pages." I agree completely - however the article seems to keep uncited material, ie cremation using mysteriuos undocumented methods - self burning using your own fat for just one example. If you are going to keep this kind of information in the main article then maybe you should lock the entire article and leave it like it is. If the holocaust survives as an historical event with( or in spite of )this kind/quality of evidence then of what use is it. Your enemies/friends must all be metally ill and/or ( and more likely) retarded. Do this article the same favor/honor you did to holocaust denial - close it.

Your inability to force yourself to exert the vast effort needed to use Google to check the widely available articles on a topic doth not "mysterious undocumented" make it. Gzuckier 19:29, 24 January 2007 (UTC)


I have finally exerted myself and found a near original source - jewishgen.org, a place you probably know and trust. Did you know that according to jewishgen.org ( or the witnesses ) that blood also was found to be a good fuel - new one on me. A strange thing happened with the fat fuel however. Instead of burning up it was found in the pits as a layer at the bottom. The fat fuel seems to have caused the cremation and instead of being consumed like all other fuels it reappears and deposits itself beneath the ashes, not on top after it has done its thing. Of course it deposited itself at the bottom of pits that our old friend Krege couldn't find. Google didn't help much on the patent thing though - any links?

Jewishgen as an organization does not do any research itself, it is more like Wikipedia, it collects information provided by its members. It cannot be cited as a source. Please give us the exact source of the information above, i.e. on what kind of web page it was found (discussion archive? yizkor page?) and what was the original source of information.  Andreas  (T) 14:05, 25 January 2007 (UTC)


Google really does work - H Tauber, F Mueller, R Hoess( camp commandant), wikipedia articles ( Bergen Belsen footnotes I believe lead to a women witness who testified at Nuremberg or one of the other trials), ..... Raul Hilberg quotes Mueller a lot for one impeccable citation ( I hope Hilberg is still on good terms with everyone). Hoess - either at Nuremberg or in later writings ( in pencil ) was persuaded to tell his story, including the fat for fuel version. Tauber seems to be a well qouted eyewitness - too easy to find to need much citation. He's the one who ate his sandwich in the gas cahmber I believe, scooped up fat to feed the fire, etc. - Pressac' Auschwitz. Most of this stuff - testimony - made it to the big time , court transcripts, scholarly books, Vad Vashem, etc.


Cheer up, http://www.cremationassociation.org/html/article-weight.html has some information on cremation and fat content. The self-cremation story it turns out does have a slight scientific basis. If the person to be cremated is morbidly obese then caution has to be used in the initial stages of cremation - the fat BTUs can cause heat ( even self-sustaining cremation can occur for a short period ) that can harm the oven. However, in a prison camp the likelyhood of many 300+lb bodies is probably remote and having enough of them to maintain the whole operation is unlikely. After the initial stage, however, the process requires considerable fuel and time. Not all good news but there is a kernel of truth to the story - I hope that someone with a kernel of knowledge hasn't lead everyone down a path that ends poorly. Fat can't do it but coke/coal/wood/etc could. I believe the problem may be that the availible supplies of fuel are not sufficient to handle the stated victim counts, probably why this straw was grasped at by a non-technical type ( unless of course someone can come up with the patent of the purported technique and demonstate to modern science/crematorium operators how it is done ). PS The BTU in fat, at 17 times tissue BTUs, still only are able to partially consume their(fat) mass.

Really cheer up - coke as is said to be used for the cremations has always been ribbed(ridiculed) because it was stated that only 3.5kg per body was avaiilable is actually a possible fuel. At 12,400 BTUs per lb 3.5 kg of coal coke could consume 95.48+- lbs of animal waste ( rendering plant data - all I could find ). If my arithmetic is okay then, discount the bones and assume most victims were skinny then 3.5kg could work for an average sized man/big woman/couple of children/..., more or less ( if the operation was more or less continuous - no cool down except for repairs/iffy ). Does anyone have the BTUs of fat or flesh ( 17 times more BTUs in fat )? Some witness may have seen the cremation of an unusually large body that ( if the BTU formula works out ) could have consumed or largely consumed itself or at least the flesh. It is however unlikely that fat cremation is a viable overall procedure - but it may work in unusual circumstances. PSPS Can't work - 3500 calories per lb of fat

                                              - 252 calories = 1 BTU, gives 14 BTU/lb fat
                                              - with 1000 BTU needed per lb of flesh
                                              - would need 71 lbs of fat for 1 lb of flesh to
                                                burn yourself
                                              - 98.6% fat is awfully fat.
During Irving's suit vs. Lipstadt and Penguin, which is a delightful repository of well-documented and discussed evidence pro and con, the defense introduced German patent application T58240 for a "Continuous Operation Corpse Incineration Furnace for Intensive Use", applied for by Topf and Sons, and read into the record from an engineering report on the application: "After ... preheating the oven will not need any more fuel due to the heat produced by the corpses. It will be able to maintain its necessary high temperature through selfheating."
Also, try Anatomy of the Auschwitz Death Camp by Israel Gutman, Michael Berenbaum, and Yisrael Gutman, where you can see the historical diagrams of the Topf double-muffle crematory furnace (page 193, photo on page 192), a diagram of Auschwitz crematorium I drawn Dec. 9, 1940 on the basis of Topf blueprint D, Nov. 30, 1940 (page 194), a diagram of the modification to that crematorium drawn Feb. 3, 1941 (page 195), etc. etc.
Auschwitz oven builders scrutinized at new Berlin exhibition
Thursday, July 21, 2005
BERLIN, July 21 - Hartmut Topf has spent a lifetime trying to comprehend why family firm Topf & Soehne agreed 64 years ago to build crematoria for Auschwitz and enable industrialized mass murder.
He knows there can be no satisfactory answer.
A new Berlin exhibition sheds light on Topf, one of countless largely forgotten small firms to provide the technical know-how for the Holocaust. It tries to trace why this eastern German furnace maker became entangled with the Nazis, despite sensing what the ovens were being used for.
Fresh archive evidence shows the brothers who ran Topf, cousins of Hartmut's father, were not fanatic Nazis and faced no personal risk for declining orders for furnaces from Hitler's elite SS guards.
Nor were they in it for the money. Crematoria and ventilation systems for the concentration camps comprised only two percent of their turnover, and the SS paid late.
Rather a picture emerges of a firm of meticulous technocrats, motivated by the "challenge" of perfecting and installing incinerators capable of burning thousands of corpses daily, and blinded by the detail to their moral crime.
"It is unthinkable," says 70-year-old Hartmut Topf.
"It makes me furious that these were my relatives . . . they were no anti-Semites, no evil Nazis. They were normal people, in a completely normal firm, which only makes it harder to understand," he adds.
A fifth of the 6 million Jews murdered during the Holocaust were killed at Auschwitz, along with homosexuals, Gypsies, Polish political prisoners and Soviet prisoners of war.
The Nazi death camps employed hundreds of contractors to provide equipment and expertise for the "Final Solution".
While the collaboration of German industrial giants such as IG Farben, which provided deadly Zyklon B for the gas chambers, is well documented, the role of smaller firms and the extent to which they escaped unpunished after World War Two has faded from view.
Loaded name
"I was proud as a child because Topf was a successful, world-renowned firm," Hartmut Topf explains.
This pride evaporated when as an 11-year-old he watched footage of the camps in cinema newsreels, and saw the "Topf" name plaque, borne by all the firm's products, on the crematoria of Auschwitz and Buchenwald.
Later Topf determined to establish the details and atone for the past.
"I went to Auschwitz and greeted an old man there, telling him my name was Topf. 'Your name has a bad ring here,' he told me. 'I know. That is why I am here,' I answered."
Topf & Sons was founded by Hartmut's great-grandfather in 1878, in Erfurt, as a customized incinerator and malting equipment manufacturer. The firm was close to the Ettersberg hill, later the site of Buchenwald concentration camp.
With the expansion of cremation in Germany as a burial rite in the 1920s, the firm's ambitious chief engineer Kurt Prüfer pioneered furnaces which complied with strict regulations on preserving the dignity of the body.
Naked flame could not come in contact with the coffin, and cremation was to be smoke and odour free.
Aware of the firm's reputation, the SS approached Prüfer in 1939, with an order for a crematorium for Buchenwald after an epidemic killed hundreds of prisoners.
Prüfer designed crematoria resembling incinerators for animal carcasses, knowing the dead were not to be burned individually or in coffins, nor were ashes to be separated.
The orders came rolling in, as Prüfer strived to create more efficient furnaces. Firm documents in the exhibition prove he visited Auschwitz several times and saw his ovens close to "the bathhouses for special operations".
Rather than feel disgust, Prüfer merely deliberated the practical problems of extermination. Transcripts of his 1948 interrogations by Russian forces show he never felt remorse.
"Prüfer threatened to resign at one point over lack of salary, they (Ernst-Wolfang and Ludwig Topf) should have let him go . . . but they didn't. They continued to show this stupid loyalty to the regime," Topf says.
After the Nazis abandoned Auschwitz in [January] 1945 Prüfer even suggested to the SS they could reassemble parts of the furnaces in Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria.
"It sends shivers down my spine," Topf adds.
Aftermath
Topf name plates on the ovens couldn't have made it easier for the Allies to trace the firm.
The Americans released Prüfer after a few weeks, but once the Soviets arrived in Erfurt he was sentenced to 25 years and died in 1952 in a Russian gulag.
Ludwig Topf killed himself in May 1945, claiming his innocence in a jumble of excuses left in a suicide note.
His brother Ernst-Wolfgang fled to western Germany and was put on trial by the Americans. He talked his way out of the charges, maintaining the ovens were "innocent", and founded a new incinerator business, operating until bankruptcy in 1963.
He even tried unsuccessfully to secure a patent for a "monster four-storey" furnace designed during the war, Hartmut Topf explains.
"There was no historical insight at the time. Only excuses and pleas that people could have done nothing else. It makes me sick."
Today, Topf & Sons former Erfurt premises stand empty and dilapidated. The firm was nationalized by the Communists and survived until 1996. Authorities plan to buy the site and set up a permanent exhibition and memorial.
Gzuckier 18:47, 26 January 2007 (UTC)
It seems there is a bit of confusion on historical argument here. One question is whether human fat as fuel is an efficient fuel or not--this is in part a technical issue, and frankly, of limited interest here. It may be interesting only in conjunction with the analysis of other fuels. But what is important is whether it was believe at the time of the Holocaust that fat could help in the burning of bodies, whether practices consistent with this belief were put in place in the crematoria, and whether the witnesses and documentation corroborate the *existance* of these practices. And, as far as I know, it was, they were, and they do.--Ninarosa 19:36, 26 January 2007 (UTC)


I believe the patent referenced above was files 8 years after WW2. Most important it doesn't work. If Germans and Jews believed it worked in WW2 and used it and it can't work then we would have a huge pile of unburned bodied. ( What a stupid argument - if they believed it worked.. unless you are saying the eyewitness/es were wrong.) If you want to leave garbage in your article - unreferenced - then be my quest. As a matter of fact it is good to have revisionist arguments buried in the main article - immortalized as it were. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.63 (talkcontribs) 12:57, January 29, 2007 (UTC)

  • Just out of curiosity, why do you believe that patent T58240, filed on November 5, 1942, was filed 8 years after WW2? --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 13:24, 29 January 2007 (UTC)
Let me explain better. For centuries, physicians believe that bleeding patients with leeches would release the "humors" that made them sick. HOw do we know it? well, a number of physicians wrote about the success of the technique. Patients described it. We have drawings of people been treated with leeches. All these descriptions and documents are corroborating evidence of a practice that... didn't really work to heal much. Patients got better for some other means. Some died. But the evidence, from many different sources, tell us that people believed it worked and invested time and resources and technology. That is what I am saying. If body fat helps or does not help in the burning of bodies is a technical question, and must be understood in a larger context, analyzing other fuel sources used in conjunction, and the fuel expenditure made for different periods, as well as the number of new arrivals (it was a technique used mostly when new victims arrived to the camp, not yet emaciated by starvation). But the fact that victims and perpetrators described independently these techniques, corroborates, as I said, *the existence* of these practices--corroborates also the *concern* of the nazis on how to burn huge amounts of corpses with the most efficient use of fuel. It is NOT a denier argument--just the opposite.--Ninarosa 16:42, 29 January 2007 (UTC)
PS.: Anthropologists have long discussed cremating practices in different societies, and adding fat to the pyre is a common technique, observed since 1906. That body fat increases the speed of cremation has also been observed, and not necessarily related to obesity. Reference: H Williams, Death Warmed up: The Agency of Bodies and Bones in Early Anglo-Saxon Cremation Rites, Journal of Material Culture 9 (3): 263. However, reading better your question regarding the sentence, I would also feel more confortable with a good reference that showed that incineration was thought "infeasible" at any point. I understand that Germans were constantly concerned about fuel efficiency, but not that they believed incineration was "infeasible". I may be wrong, of course, but I have just reviewed the article by Zimmerman on body disposal (whre there are references to testimonies on this subject) and did not find anything sustaining this idea (i.e., that "incineration was thought infeasible"). The testimonies on the other hand support the idea that fuel efficiency was an issue, and that the use of body fat was thought to be a solution. See http://www.holocaust-history.org/auschwitz/body-disposal/ --Ninarosa 20:09, 29 January 2007 (UTC)


T58240 - I thought you were referring to a 1951 Topf patent - more relevant to the fat issue but still far off the mark. By the way do you have a link to the T58240 - my understanding is that it is an improvement on older types but not a quantum leap forward - maybe it is - link? Germans could/can be concerned about fuel efficiency but contradicting laws of nature is even beyond them ( creating matter and more heat out than heat in is unlikely - if it can be done call up Al Gore, global warming and all. The #12 archive has a blurb from the Irving trial where I believe the judge mentions the patent ( I assume T58240 ) but concedes that it has not much to do with the actually in stalled ones - "same principle" was as close as he came, how he knows much about thermodynamics is beyond me but he obviously thinks he does. Prufer - the Topf engineer - in 1946 testified about a "firnace" that had a conveyor belt that carried bodies continuuously. However, I have never heard that it was ever constructed. This particular type of contraption is the only way that cremations on the scale of a holocaust could have happened. The fat burnig myth seems to be one that is going to die a long slow death - My suggestion is to keep it in the article, as I said before an historical memorial to where the issue stood in the early 2000s. PS Please post the T58240 link even if it is irrelevant, it seems to be a document that is rarely mentioned ( this discussion page and 1 other sentence is all I could find, hopefully the entire text is available ) and never quoted.

  • (a) Please sign your comments with ~~~~. (b) I don't have the source for the patent itself. However, [1] refers to J.A. Topf & Söhne, Erfurt, Patent Application, "Kontinuierliche arbeitender Leichen-Verbrennungsofen für Massenbetrieb," Archive Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oswiecim, BW 30/44. Possibly you'll need to do some physical document research (perhaps in Oswiecim) to view the full text; as far as I can tell the German online patent database only goes back to 1967. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 15:20, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

If you don't have the patent document then I assume everyone who uses it as a source probably doesn't have it and probably never has even seen it. So much for using the patent pro or con ( maybe someone who lives in Germany can obtain it ( I doubt that it is available - just a hunch - and I wouldn't suggest that anyone, without strong proholocaust creds try to get it ). It seems to boil down to what was there couldn't work and what could work wasn't there - the surviving crematoria are not even near Prufer's statement ( four stories tall - unless he was giving a description of the chimney which would have been more than a little disingenuous on his part ). Just down the road were blast furnaces and producer gas but no the story has to stick to a couple of small crematorium and insecticide - who would have guessed.

Assume what you like; it's all a giant conspiracy with fake patent documents, fake blueprints, fake eyewitnesses, fake census data, fake history of Topf and Sons, etc. etc. etc. Get back to us when you've looked for the document and found it absent. Too bad Irving's lawyers when he sued Lipstadt et al didn't have your perspecacity, he might have won.
As for your mysterious disbelief in the flammability of the mixture of diverse flammable hydrocarbons known as the human body, what drives this Chemistry Denial? The human body, like any living body, is composed of lipids (oils and fats), carbohydrates (sugars and starches), and proteins (carbohydrates, with added nitrogen). I assume you don't object to the concept of lipids burning, having seen gasoline, kerosene, etc., which have the same empirical formula. Carbohydrates also burn, having the same empirical formula as cellulose; a piece of spaghetti makes a good fireplace match, for example. Proteins burn since they have the same empirical formula as carbohydrates, except for the stink of the added nitrogen. In fact, if you weren't denying during biology class, you might have learned that your body is fueled by the oxidation of the lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins of the living creatures you place in your orifice. There's plenty of energy available, as any diet book will tell you; 9 kcal/gram for oxidation of lipids, 4 kcal/gram for carbohydrates or protein. Try lighting a potato chip sometime, to see what a mixture of carbohydrates and lipds can do. The only obstacle to ignition of this combination of flammable compounds is the large volume of water in which it is suspended, which prevents reaching the ignition temperature. To remove this water it is sufficient to heat the body; luckily, the heat to do so can be found in a large, continuously operating furnace. What part of this do you consider "what couldn't work"? Do you have anything further to add, above infantile nihilism; "No it isn't!" "Prove it!! "I don't believe you!"? There are many other fora for you to air this gestalt, while Wikipedia has goals to achieve other than your airing your indefatigable Pseudoskepticism. Gzuckier 19:07, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
Gzuckier, without getting to the denial/not denial dilemma, I do think we should focus on the idea of editing the sentence: "Incineration was at first considered infeasible until it was discovered that furnaces could be kept at a high enough temperature to be sustained by the body fat of the bodies alone. With this technicality resolved, the Nazis implemented their plan of mass murder on its full scale."
I am not convinced, without a reference, that "incineration was at first considered infeasible". I am not convinced that the use of body fat was hailed as *the* solution for this problem, although I *am* convinced that the Nazis instituted practices to take advantage of any energy gains that could be derived from the use of body fat. We remember that Nazis tried to bury bodies in Auschwitz, in the beginning, and because of the underground water and fears of contamination, they gave up (in fact, I believe they had to dig out bodies). As far as I understand, the use of body fat might have been developed over time, as they were concerned with energy efficiency. I also would like to have a better quote for the fact that fat sustained the cremation of the bodies alone. That was what the Sonderkommando Henryk Tauber said:

"Conversely the corpses of people gassed on arrival, not being wasted, burned better in the center muffle. During the incineration of such corpses, we used the coke only to light the fire of the furnace initially, for fatty corpses burned of their own accord thanks to the combustion of the body fat."

Another Sonderkommando Filip Muller, only said that fat bodies were burned together with emaciated bodies and that, "Members of these groups [SS men and civilian visitors to the crematoria] were especially interested in the amount of coke required to burn corpses of any particular category," which supports the idea of experimentation (instead of a previous solution to a certain problem deemed "infeasible"). He confirms Tauber that body fat increased the efficience of the furnaces, when he said:

"Thus it was decreed that the most economical and fuel saving procedure would be to burn the bodies of a well-nourished man and an emaciated woman, or vice versa, together with that of a child, because, as the experiments had established, in this combination, once they had caught fire, the dead would continue to burn without further coke being required."

Hoess only mentioned at Nuremberg "that three bodies would be burned simultaneously and that the bodies of fat people burned faster"--he did not say if coke still had to be used or not, of if "fat alone" could sustain the cremation. (All the testimonies are from the Zimmerman article.)
Basically, there is still much that we DON'T know about the Holocaust. I am not ready to stop asking questions just because deniers love to point these obscure points to cry "Jewish conspiracy". But this is beside the point, and it is NOT the goal of Wikipedia to do original research, if I understand correctly. Our point here is to edit the articles to the best of our capacity and to the best of scientific knowledge. I am just not conviced that this particular wording is good enough, for the reasons pointed above.--Ninarosa 08:33, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

No patent I guess. By the way Hoess said alot of things that were not true - he appears to be telling anything you wanted to hear. He would give any death count you wanted, names of all the camps, even make up names for places that didn't exist. I wouldn't go too far out on the Hoess limb. {unsigned|159.105.80.63}}

So there's no patent because we can't make the original document materialise in front of your eyes via the internet? Have you ever done any historical research? Paul B 14:49, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
Ah, the Denialist's Creed:
If informed of something, I shall not believe; if something is pointed to, I shall not follow; if something exists, I shall not look for it; if something is shown to me, I shall not look at it; if forced to look at something, I shall not see it; if forced to see something, I shall refrain from understanding it. For my intellect is greater than that of those who disagree with me, and thus my knowledge of Truth is not susceptible to alteration by the mere existence of evidence.
Gzuckier 16:50, 1 February 2007 (UTC)


Considering some of the concerns here, I rewrote that particular paragraph. I am just not sure it now fits well in the text. Please feel free to improve my grammar! --Ninarosa 23:36, 2 February 2007 (UTC)


No it doesn't seem to materialize in front of my eyes, your eyes, or the eyes of anyone. If it existed and did it' trick it is doubtful that 60 years of researchers wouldn't use it. The patent summary doesn't seem to be for a fat burning oven - sorry. Maybe the number is wrong? Do you have any other sources for fat being so useful for cremation? Let's either prove this idea or pound it into the ground. I am afraid you lost me in thr "Truth" is not susceptible to alteration by the mere existence of evidence." - does this mean you found the patent, or not? What we need is evidence so we can get the truth - "truth" will follow evidence ( at least in the fat/blood burning neighborhood ). Of course I am even suspicious as to what "truth" and "evidence" may mean on wiki.


Per Ninarosa - no original research. I agree - for deniers the very best holocaust article that wiki could ever produce would highlight this section. Of course any eyewitness testimony would also be appreciated. I feel stupid arguing against a gem like this section - thanks Ninarosa ( in the heat of a debate I shot myself in the foot. ) I forget the purpose is to make this article sound as dumb as possible.

60 minutes

60 minutes said that 17.5 million were killied in the holocaust and since 60 minutes knows what they are talking about it should be changed

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/12/14/60minutes/main2267927.shtml

Rollaround 09:39, 11 January 2007 (UTC)


I thought the number was 6 million. 60 Minutes is getting off the reservation, no? 159.105.80.219 14:32, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

The records show 17.5 million people killed in the holocaust and out of those 6 million had some hebro connection that is where the origianl 6 million comes from that is what the nazies own records show that now have beome avalible for all people to read, beofre only people with permision were able to read. Rollaround 15:58, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

The report says that the documents "hold the records of 17 million victims", including slave labourers, political prisoners etc. Among them, it states, are the people who worked in Schindler's factory. Of course, we know they survived, so the 17 million is not the number of deaths, merely the number of people whose names are recorded in the documents, many of whom survived. Paul B 17:06, 11 January 2007 (UTC)
I saw the show anyone can see it 17.5 million is the numbers of DEATHS, stop trying to white wash the nazi crimes. Rollaround 11:30, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
Whitewash the Nazi crimes? Excuse me??? "Anyone" can't see from the link you provided that 17.5 million is the number of deaths. I did not see the show, but the site you posted makes it absolutely clear that the number refers to the people who are listed in the documents. In any case, not all deaths in the war were the result of the holocaust. It's also clear from the comments posted on the site that the show was not very accurate in several respects. Paul B 11:37, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
What some poster writes on the internet page about the show does not matter, all that matters is what they said on 60 minutes which unlike you and any other person has a burden of proof if they were to say a lie then they would be sued and they would lose their license, if you read real history books you can see that the numbers are correct. 60 minuts has real reporters and can dig up real information. The number 17.5 million is of who died in the holocaust. Do not forget that the total civilian losses of Poland was 6 million and the Soviet Union 20 million plus around 10 million military dead so 17.5 million dying in the holocaust is a very correct number Rollaround 11:47, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
Please read some books. 60 minutes is not a very authoritative source. Historians take priority over TV journalists. Paul B 12:34, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
Rollaround, just be careful. The 6 million figure for Poland does include 3 million Polish Jews. There is some overlapping here. I think the Nikzor Project mentions something around 11 million (6 million Jews and 5 million non-Jews). Most historians believe that this number of 5 milion non-Jews is quite a low estimate (specially considering Russia), so 17 million is not too far from an acceptable figure, regarding orders of magnitude. The problem, however, is to define WHO is a victim of the Holocaust. If it is only civilians, then the soviet soldiers who were gassed in the camps would not be included? Should we include the Russian peasants who starved when the Germans invaded? Or were those only civilian victims of conventional war, as it happened in previous wars? Historians tend to very careful in general estimates for this reason. I think if we can find a written source for a 17.5 number of deaths, it could be included, provided that the text makes clear it is an estimate, and mentions the problems of quoting any figure.Ninarosa 06:54, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

If Jews make up 6 million then the Holocaust was primarily a nonJewish operation. I thought - have read - that it was primarily to exterminate Jews - were there other Wannsee type directives to exterminate other groups?

I do not know, due to my ignorance, of existence of any Wannsee Conference type documents, but, off the top of my head, the following groups faced total extermination as well: Roma (gypsies), homosexuals, communists, people with mental deficiencies, etc. Also, a whole family of ethnicities, namely Slavs, were considered "Untermenschen" (sp?) and were often discriminated, conscripted for Slave labor, cleansed, etc. Goliath74 21:17, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
among those, however, the Jews were the larger singular group, and the propaganda associated to them makes the Jewish, the Roma and the people with mental deficiencies, very central to the idea of the Holocaust. There are the documents for the T4, with directive to eliminate people with mental deficiencies, and there were documents agains the Roma, as well.Ninarosa 06:54, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Interesting comment above - "historians take priority over". Does science take precedence over historians? If something is shown to be scientifically impossible can it be historically accurate?

Yes, but first you have to show it. You don't. Paul B 14:55, 1 February 2007 (UTC)


The idea that science takes precedence over witnesses,etc has been slow in coming to the holocaust debate, progress?

Citations.

Hello all. I've recently checked out a book about the Holocaust and have been using information to cite anything I can find. However, I'd like to ask a question.Please see the Experiments section, the last sentence. It lists a bunch of concentration camps that once were not cited, but I already did. However, in my book, it did not state specifically in the book those camp names, but it did say so in the Index section of the book. Simply, the camps weren't majorly stated (as in their own articles in the books, only in small excerpts, such as timelines). See, let's use Dachau as an example:

Dachau (Germany)

concentration camp 119,
138, 144, 191, 193, 495
555-56, 665, 696

administration tried, 634
bread distributed at, 634
commandant of, 428
Communists sent to, 59
corpses in, 609

.....and it goes on and on. So, what I'm asking is... are those cites okay? Again, they do come out in the index. But they are not stated majorly as in their own pages and stuff, just mentioned in those pages above (for example, page 119 is mentioned in a section about a Jew named Martin Niemöler who was sent to concentration camps like Dachau and Sachenhausen). Thanks in advance. Uh, I hope I haven't overwhelmed you with questions or confused you, I just want to know whether I'm doing the right thing or not. Cheers! --Tohru Honda13Talk 01:17, 21 January 2007 (UTC)


This article is a frequent source of heated debate. Please try to keep a cool head when commenting here.

--Nikki Fagin 08:40, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

color photo of corpses??

in the victims section of this article, there is a photo of a pile of corpses. i was just wondering if color photography was available at the time--STANE 02:34, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

Stane,click on the image. It is not exactly a color photography, but comes from "a historical political poster, button, flier or banner". Probably the color was added later. But I agree that there should be a reference.Ninarosa 07:48, 25 January 2007 (UTC)


The Babi Yar photo - I clicked the photo and was surprised to see what I had thought to be a photo of bodies - bad eyesight - was actually what appeared to be sorted piles of clothing. Any info on this photo? The background seemed to be ambiguous. No way to place it by landmarks that I could see.


This photo looks fake to me, added for effect. Only other place I have seen this photo is on encyclopediadramatica. Saintrotter 26 January 2007


The first colour photos were made in France during the 1920's. Both Germany and America were exsperimenting with colour movies in the 1930's. --Strento 01:11, 30 January 2007 (UTC)


What is the source of this photo? Where do it say they come from Auschwitz? Where do it say they are Jewish? Where do it say this photo was even made in 1940s? Saintrotter 2 February

It looked like a modern computer grafic to me!--Nikbar Sini 04:07, 5 February 2007 (UTC)


More Maths

The 6,000,000 total dead in German-run concentration camps is a combination of Jews, Germans, Gypsies, Homosexuals, etc. It is not accurate to assume all 6M were Jewish. I think the article should reflect this information. Unfortunately, I don't think there will ever be an exact total for the carnage of WWII. Rough estimates will always have to be pulled in and analyzed and a "best guess" prepared. As such, we shouldn't rush to forget the other peoples who died. Please advise before I change the article--Legomancer 04:45, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

  • What part of the article are you proposing to change? --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 07:06, 27 January 2007 (UTC)
Legomancer, the estimates for the death toll of Jews during the holocaust is between 5 and 7 million--and they are NOT all in concentration camps. See Hillberg or Wolfgang Benz (both are listed in the references), or here http://www.holocaust-history.org/~rjg/deaths.shtml I don't have the numbers for the deaths in the camps (combining Jews, Germans, Poles, Roma & Sinti, communists, etc), but that is not what the commonly quoted figure of 6 millions refers to. --Ninarosa 01:37, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

I hered on RTE that 6,000,000 Jews, 2,000,000 Gipsys and 50,000 Fremasons were killed in the holocaust! --Longend. 02:14, 30 January 2007 (UTC)


Hilberg gives a surviving population of 18,265,601 and a revised death total of 1,003,392. The World Centre of Contemporary Jewish Documentation gives a 1962 population of 17,583,057 and a death total of 1,593,292. Oddly both sources somehow still hold to the 6,000,000 total - this appears to be beyond the realm of debate and research.

(159.105.80.63 please sign you comments ). I am afraid you are wrong. I can consult Hilberg directly if you want, but if I recall correctly, the death toll of little over 1 million deaths is for AUSCHWITZ ALONE. His total death toll is 5,109,822 (which is of course a sum of recorded numbers and estimates). I don't remember Hilberg giving any figure for an estimate of the total surviving Jewish population, and I would thank you if you could give me a concrete reference for that, with page number. But I found this high number to be quite unlikely, since there are not this many Jews today. I would appreciate also to see a reference for the World Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation with the figures you quote. I would be quite surprised.--Ninarosa 19:54, 1 February 2007 (UTC)


I would also like to see some references on the World Centre of Contemporary Jewish Documentation - or the similarly sounding group that Hilberg mentioned in his testimony at the Zundel trial. Neither group seems to want to stand up and take credit for their research. I will keep searching, join in the search - one lead is the name of the individual who was the head, but he seems likewise incognito.

Aryeh Leon Kubovy - director of WCCJD. Also in 1936 the founder of World Jewish Congress I believe. In 1960 declared that no document ordering the holocaust existed. Any organization he directed should have some surviving historical data. Leon Poliakov was the director of a similar sounding organization ( similar to WCCJD ) that Hilberg seems to have heard of at the Zundel trial.

This article is a frequent source of heated debate. Please try to keep a cool head when commenting here.

It did happen!

It is a globaly documented fact, in both film, books, photos and eye-witness accounts; so it can't be dined! The holocaust did happen! --Lilidor 05:17, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

So is the Loch Ness Monster. Saintrotter 27 January 2007

If you have useful information, queries or proposals, add them. Please don't bore us with asinine remarks. Paul B 16:46, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

"us" Do you speak for everyone? Something like the Borg of wiki? Do you deny the Loch Ness Monster is globaly documented fact, in both film, books, photos and eye-witness accounts? If you're right I am very sorry for my stupid (asinine) remarks. Saintrotter 27 January 2007

Apology accepted. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 18:06, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

Check out Ironic Jpgordon Saintrotter 27 January 2007

Check out Holocaust (resources), Saintrotter. --GHcool 19:33, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

I know holocaust resources very well, pity I can't post the other side of the coin without being branded (if not already) as a nazi and losing my account. Check out Bias GHcool. Saintrotter 27 January 2007

Check out Historical method, Saintrotter. --GHcool 20:24, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

It is also well documented that the Nazis killed off the Gypsys and Disabeled in the Porojomas and Aktion T-4 respectivly. Nazi newsreal and alied footage bare testiomy to this. I have seen the Aushwitz memorial in Poland and beleve it to be true! --Lilidor 12:06, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

I have also been there. 15 of the ovens still live on! --Strento 01:39, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Even some of the German guards working at the camps have confessed to there exsistance! --Homer slips. 03:42, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

He is right, I've bi ther to. --Bobie Alice Flinker 03:17, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

The discussion section is not a general forum, but a place to discuss changes in the article. Goalie1998 04:03, 30 January 2007 (UTC) Big Russian could smear on Germany.--Nikbar Sini 04:07, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

Goalie998 is right! --Nikki Fagin 08:40, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Uniqueness

I apologize if this has come up before. Currently, the article states "The Nazi Holocaust had several characteristics that, taken together, distinguish it from other genocides in history." Obviously, all genocides have had features that distinguish them from other genocides. The uniqueness of the holocaust is an issue that has been relatively controversial within genocide studies. If we are going to make the claim that the holocaust was especially unique (rather than just describe the attributes that made it unique) it seems that we should reference the fact that this is a controversial claim. Ethan Mitchell 23:19, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

I partially agree. If we want to be picky, every historical event is unique. But the claim is not that the Holocaust is "unique". The sentence is preparing to list the characteristics that distinguish THIS genocide from others--in the entry for the Armenians, there will be listed the characteristics that distinguish THAT genocide from others. --Ninarosa 23:50, 27 January 2007 (UTC)


That's fair enough, but the philosophical/political/theological uniqueness of the holocaust is a fairly well-known point of contention within genocide studies, and this sentence easily reads as supporting one POV. Ethan Mitchell 04:09, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

The holocaust was unique in it's blend of eugenical/anti-Semitic/anti-Gipsy/homaphobic psudo-ideals. --Longend. 02:18, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

The exstermination of the American Indians was worse!

Killing 6,000,000 to 8,000,000 over just 7 years IS faily unique.

Even if the number of 6,000,000 is true (but it is very doubtful), the Russians in the same time have lost about 30 millions, 1/3 of whom were civilians. So what is so unique in Jewish Holocaust except capability of Jewish community to PR this story?--Igor "the Otter" 19:56, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
This article is a frequent source of heated debate. Please try to keep a cool head when commenting here.

Holocaust denial

I edited the explanation for the popularity of holocaust denial among Muslim critics of Israel. There is no need to say that "it is a baseless claim" (the whole article makes this point!), but it is important to explain why it has become popular. On the ohter hand, to be fair, it would also be important to say that many Palestinians and many Iranians (mostly Iranians in exile) have disassociated themselves from the "conference" in Iran, and denounced it as the political event it was. But I wonder how much Holocaust denial should be developed here, since there is an article on this topic.--Ninarosa 23:56, 28 January 2007 (UTC)


Irvin was on target, I read his books about it.


The holocaust denaial article - wiki - appears to be locked ( even the discussion page ) except for insiders. It appears they were learning too much - their discussions with themselves are noticably softball.

Requested move

The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the debate was No move.--Húsönd 03:42, 7 February 2007 (UTC)


The HolocaustHolocaust — As per WP:NCD, we should avoid the use of the word "the" if it is not an official name or a title of a work ("the" is usually not capitalized). As well, we should avoid "the" unless it turns what would otherwise be a general term into a specific one. This works for pentagon vs. The Pentagon, and crown vs. The Crown, where the generic terms gain some meaning with "the", but in this case, 99% of Google searches for "Holocaust" (without "the") refer to the World War II Holocaust. The term is also sometimes used without the word "the" (e.g. "Holocaust survivors"). Finally, Holocaust already redirects here. Bssc81 04:21, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Survey

Add  # '''Support'''  or  # '''Oppose'''  on a new line in the appropriate section followed by a brief explanation, then sign your opinion using ~~~~. Please remember that this survey is not a vote, and please provide an explanation for your recommendation.

Survey - in support of the move

  1. Support as nom.- Bssc81 04:27, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
    Weak support I can understand where the nom is coming from but after seeing it referred to as The Holocaust, it's hard to give full fledge support. I think a large part of my conflict is that the term holocaust (with a little "h") is one that can be used to describe any mass ethnic killing, not just the 20th cent European one. Part of the usage of The Holocaust is as a signifier of magnitude of this event. But again, I would say that policy is on the nom's side and hence my support. It just doesn't quote feel right. After further consideration, I just can't support this. 205.157.110.11 06:35, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
  2. Support. This is a textbook case for WP:NCD. See arguments and examples in discussion section below. —  AjaxSmack  01:34, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  3. Support. The fact that "Holocaust" already redirects here suggests that there is no debate as to whether there might be confusion between a generic vs. specific use of "Holocaust". This is analogous to Punisher (rather than The Punisher). Yes, "punisher" could be a generic term, but given that 99% of uses refer to the comic hero, there is no need to add "the". The same is happening here (as AjaxSmack points out). If people were worried that "Holocaust" (without "the") might be considered a generic term, then Holocaust would be a disambiguation page, and would not redirect to The Holocaust. The fact that there is a redirect indicates that "the" is superfluous here. 74.100.100.142 02:42, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  4. Support. AjaxSmack examples are very persuasive. Daizus 07:32, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  5. Yes What's the big fuss, it happend 60 years ago and was a big, boaring 'yawn'!}} --Elspeth Monro 06:26, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

Survey - in opposition to the move

  1. No. "Holocaust" is a generic term, especially nowadays; it's used for a wide range of horrors. "The Holocaust" means one thing and one thing only. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 15:10, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
  2. No. In addition to the categorical use of holocaust to refer to other genocides, it's feasible that at some point we'll have an article about the original concept of "holocaust" as a burnt offering, or whatever, and in that case we will be double-parked. Ethan Mitchell 16:26, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
  3. Oppose. The definite article makes it clear that we are referring to a specific event (it's comparable to the pentagon example given below). It helps minimise fruitless debate on the Talk page about whether the "X holocaust" and the "Y holocaust" should be included in this article. Paul B 16:41, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
  4. Oppose - "The Holocaust" is a proper noun. That's determined by popular use - official names don't enter into it. --Yath 19:26, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
  5. Oppose - "The Holocaust" is unique in it's size and intent. It is also as, far as I can tell the only genoside that was called a "Holocaust". Also note that "The Anthal" of the Kurds in 1990's Iraq is aparently the only "Anthal" of Kurds. --86.29.249.148 06:26, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  6. No, it's most definatly one of a kind and unique both in it's political and raceist crarictor.--Strento 19:15, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  7. Oppose; we should have an article on holocaust, in general; I don't feel like writing it today. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 22:20, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  8. Oppose per jpgordon, Paul B and Yath. ←Humus sapiens ну? 22:47, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
  9. Oppose I've been mulling on this one since I gave my weak support and I agree with Septentrionalis that there should be an article on "holocaust" (little "h") to better distinguish the magnitude of the 20th cent. European Holocaust. It is its own singular event that is separate from the concept of "holocaust". 205.157.110.11 03:22, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
  10. Oppose — I agree that we are referring to this event in history and only this event in history. Besides, it's rather known as The Holocaust than just Holocaust. Tohru Honda13 03:24, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
  11. Weak oppose — The difference between "holocaust" and "The Holocaust" is the difference between "civil war" and "The Civil War" (in American usage). --GHcool 05:35, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
  12. No We must not foget and succome to to anti-Semitisum again!--86.29.248.52 06:18, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
  13. Oppose I have never come across in any serious history book any other reference than "the holocaust". Take for example Professor Bauers address to the German Bundestag [2] and remove "the" from the term "the holocaust" to see why making the change is not only confusing but strange. Likewise, I don't remember ever seeing a reference to the "German holocaust" or the "European holocaust".Joel Mc 08:28, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
  14. Oppose. Do not agree with the discussion below; "the" is only dropped when the term is being used as an adjective, and this is not an adjective. "A Holocaust survivor" is equivalent to "a survivor of the Holocaust", not "a survivor of Holocaust". Dekimasuが... 13:06, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

Discussion

Add any additional comments:

Here are the points laid out in a better format in favor of this move:

  • As per WP:NCD, we should avoid the use of the word "the" if it is not an official name or a title of a work ("the" is usually not capitalized).
  • As well, we should avoid "the" unless it turns what would otherwise be a general term into a specific one. This works for pentagon vs. The Pentagon, and crown vs. The Crown, where the generic terms gain some meaning with "the".
  • But in this case, 99% of Google searches for "Holocaust" (without "the") refer to the World War II Holocaust.
  • The term is also sometimes used without the word "the" (e.g. "Holocaust survivors").
  • Finally, Holocaust already redirects here.

For those who say the "The" is an integral part of the name, please test these:

David Irving is considered a The Holocaust denier.
Many The Holocaust survivors live in Israel.
The name "Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre" should be changed to "The Montreal The Holocaust Memorial Centre."
All othe pages about The Holocaust like Holocaust memorials and Holocaust museum should have their names changed too.

 AjaxSmack  01:34, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

  • If people were actually worried that Holocaust would make it a generic term, then as I said above, Holocaust would not already redirect here. Besides, as is the case with major shared names, the most prevalent or "base" case gets the main article. (For example, Casablanca points to the city - it does not need further disambiguation despite other prevalent uses of the word.) 74.100.100.142 02:44, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Or test these:
  • Osama bin Laden is considered a The Pentagon attacker
  • Many The Pentagon officials live in Washington
  • The list of "Former Pentagon Officials" should be changed to "Former The Pentagon Officials".

Paul B 16:42, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

  • Just to counter AjaxSmack I have tested a couple of your examples and came up with the following:
David Irving is considered a denier of The Holocaust.
Many of The Holocaust survivors live in Israel.

Not saying i neccesarily disagree with you but i am just playing devils advocate. Deckchair 16:48, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

I believe in English you would write "a denier of the Holocaust" and "many of the Holocaust survivors". Daizus 22:31, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
The examples distract from the issue. No-one says "I am a The Beatles fan". They say "I am a fan of the Beatles" or "I am a Beatles fan". That does not help us to decide whether their article should be called Beatles or The Beatles. Paul B 16:53, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
The examples don't distract from the issue; they merely expose me as incorrigibly opposed to extraneous articles in titles (including Beatles) and there are still other issues that Bssc81 points out, e.g., generic Holocaust without the article already redirects here thus destroying the ambiguity argument. —  AjaxSmack  19:39, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Your examples distract because, as I have attempted to show with my Pentagon and Beatles examples, they do not distinguish between legitimate and inappropriate uses of the definite article according to the policies you quote. They simply create the false impression that the use of the definite article is somehow absurd. It's mystification. Paul B 19:46, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Let me just say this to finish, as it seems there are too many opposed for it to matter. What all the examples prove is that "the" is not mandatory when referring to the Holocaust, and is EXACTLY why it should be removed here (just as it should be in "Beatles". Consider when "the" must stay - when it is officially part of the title. For example, "the" should not be eliminated when discussing The Hague, or The Old Man and the Sea. However, there is no reason that Beatles should be treated any differently than Punisher. Wikipedia created a special rule for situations like Pentagon vs. The Pentagon, because the name without "the (in this case, "pentagon") had its own article. Thus "The Pentagon" is better than Pentagon (U.S. government). Similar issues exist with crown vs. The Crown. This issue does NOT exist here, because Holocaust already redirects here. Had Holocaust been a generic article about what "a" holocaust is, and examples of holocausts, that'd be one thing. But it doesn't. Just like why Punisher is not about generic "punishers" in history, but rather "The Punisher". - Bssc81 03:56, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
The Beatles page in fact retains the definite article in its title because that is the name of the group, just as The Old Man and the Sea is the name of the book. (Beatles is a redirect). It's horses for courses. The group "Queen" did not have a definite article in its name, so to distinguish it from the word "queen" their article is called Queen (band). If I say "I am a fan of Queen" that means something other than "I am a fan of the Queen", which would probably be taken as a reference to Elizabeth II, not to Freddie Mercury. The sentences were demonstrating that even though The Beatles is the name of the group, we drop the definite article in sentences like "I am a Beatles fan". Paul B 13:28, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

It looks like whenever a term is used as a modifier ("a Pentagon official"), "the" is dropped. Since that is not the role of the article title, however, Paul B's examples don't bear on the current discussion. --Yath 04:20, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

My examples were intended to counter those given by AjaxSmack precisely to demonstate that they are irrelevant. "The" is retained in The Pentagon to avoid ambiguity. Paul B 13:28, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
It is not at all clear to me that the use of X is a sentence is the definitive measure of whether or not X should be the title of a wikipedia article. For example, we have an article entitled "Charles, Prince of Wales", but there are many sentence constructions that do not refer to him in that way. Again, I don't think it is germane that "holocaust" redirects here. We could, quite easily, have a stand-alone article about the phrase "holocaust." That we do not is probably an omission. Ethan Mitchell 23:46, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
Sorry! I am dumb. --Yath 20:16, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
We have two, Names of the Holocaust and Holocaust (disambiguation). A case could be made that the latter should not be marked as a disambiguation page, since it is really an article in its own right about the history of the word. Paul B 16:28, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Odd sentence

Under "Resistance of Jehovah's Witnesses" this sentense appears:

Unlike Jews, homosexuals and Gypsies, who were persecuted for racial, political and social reasons, Jehovah's Witnesses were persecuted on religious ideological grounds.

Jews are not a racial, political or social group, they are the members of the Jewish religion. This sentense might thus benefit from a rephrasing, since it seems to imply otherwise. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Mercury271 (talk • contribs) 16:10, 31 January 2007 (UTC).

The word "race" has historically legitimately been used to mean something similar to "extended family". Look it up. Also, try typing "Jewish race" on google and see how many hits you get. More to the point perhaps, Judaism was defined by the Nazis themselves in genealogical terms, not in terms of religious affiliation. Their policy was defined by their conception of race. Paul B 16:34, 31 January 2007 (UTC)


I agree with Paul Barlow. I don't see this problem--Jews were "seen" as a racial group, so much that even secular Jews, or converted Jews, i.e., Jews who had abbandoned their religion, were persecuted. Like with Roma and disabled people, they were persecuted for what *they were*, not because of what they did or believed. What is odd in the sentence is the "homosexuals". They were first arrested in common jails for anti-social crimes, ordinary law--and then often moved to the camps. I am not sure, but I believe that male homosexuals who married women, or Jehovah's witnesses who repudiated their faith, could avoid persecution. Roma, Jews and disabled did not have any choice.
Also, I believe that "racial, political and social reasons" could refer to the Nazi reasons, not whatever was done by Jews, homosexuals or Roma (please let's avoid the word Gypsy.)--Ninarosa 17:18, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Ditto. Races are just whatever people think they are. And while there may be many people who do not think of Jews as a race, there are many (including Jews) who do. More to the point, the Nazis did, so the language is entirely appropriate for this context. Slrubenstein | Talk 17:20, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Races are that people are genetically, not they think they are. If black person think s/he is white, it does'nt make him/her white.--Igor "the Otter" 20:29, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Biblical implications

Did the holocaust have any biblical impact? i.e. was it predicted it would happen? --Rebroad 15:14, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

Gittin 57b. Claims that four billion Jews were killed by the Romans in the city of Bethar. Gittin 58a Claims that 16 million Jewish children were wrapped in scrolls and burned alive by the Romans. Saintrotter 3 February 2007


Some obscure Talmud, etc source prophecies that 6 million will dy and then Israel will be reborn. The 6 million is a constantly reoccurring number in history - magical, mentioned in WW1 also.

(please sign your posts). Do you have the reference for these citations of 6 million victims over time? Thanks.--Ninarosa 15:42, 7 February 2007 (UTC)


Yes, they were mentioned after WW1, roundly ignored by the Allies as unfounded. I can look up the article, newspaper - will return. 20 minutes later - It is mentioned several places - The American Hebrew ( old mag I believe ) Oct 31, 1919 : NYT June 11, 1900 Rabbi Stephan Wise ( these talk about 6 million dying or about to die - but they were clear on the 6 million part, not all 6 million plus. Ehrenberg - the Soviet WW2 propaganda master was using the 6 million number before the Soviets even got to Auscwitz, etc. TAZ in Berlin May 24, 1995 on page 12 wrote that Vad Vashem 's holocaust memorial was planned in 1942 - before the holocaust, and guess what number they were already in love with. There are many site - hard to references, not probably available in the respectable sites, but from them you can at least trace the source ( ie you don't have to take codoh's word, check it out outside their files ). Lots of Huns bayoneting babies from WW1 stories mixed in. The Talmud?( it may be one of the other nonBiblical related writings) thing is out there but I don't have the time to find it today. I found a quote from our old friend - Hilberg. Concerning the numbers, " They also matter for a very simple reason - call it religious, if you like." Atlantic Monthly 2000 - there is more than science and history going on in debate I am afraid. The question is can you fool, try to fool, God and still get the prize, or are you just fooling yourself - if the prophecy part is really important to the Zionists. Hilberg's quote is almost scary in th erealm of ratonal political thought, sounds jihadist, if jihadists actually thought like that ( which they don't).


(Please sign you posts). Could you please give the URL of the sites? Some of them I can track easily, for others I need more time and work. And you are right, I found out that members of CODOH often falsify information, such as in the case of the World Almanac, and there are several apocriphal "citations" of the Talmud that circulate in the Internet. That is why it is important to check reliable sources, and not every internet source is given the same weight. Oh, I totally agree there is more than science and history going on in the debate, and that is why I am so interested in comparing different demographic techniques and checking sources--again, checking reliable sources. If you could also give the context of Hilberg's quote, it would help (the volume, issue and page of the Atlantic Monthly would be even better.)--Ninarosa 18:46, 8 February 2007 (UTC)


Atlantic Monthly Feb 2000 article "The Holocaust on Trial" by D.D. Guttenplan. Members of Codoh who do get carried away are corrected quickly. I have always been surprised by ther number of times they( I just read it) back off from unproven points - of course they do have some excitable folks there too. I am unfamiliar with the World Almanac deception, unless the population numbers are of concern. They do look bad - if they were based on anything other than deadline pressure. ....... World Almanacs - interesting data. They seem to be used by both sides - hard to tell who is BSing. World Almanac seems to have changed their figures - new data, new pressure? Their biggest holocaust actually was in the 1990s it appears. They either lack a proof reader or they are up to something - it aint accuracy. Some other sources however seem to support their first attempts - our old WCCJD, who I still can't find. Do you think ADL knows where they are?

The World Almanac website lists some of their errors - almost all birth dates that I could see. What deception did you find - is there an archive on the web of old Almanacs. It seems that unless there was an explosive post war birth rate then the numbers of the 1920/30 and the 1950/60s are too close together - unless of course the Almanac is a revisionist mole. Of course the 1980/90/2000 figures could mean that the Almanac isn't very good.

(Please sign your posts). I have the text of the article by Guttenplan in front of me right now. The reference is Holocaust on trial: a controversial British writer, David Irving, has instigated a libel suit against an American historian (for denying the Holocaust). Guttenplan, D.D.. The Atlantic Monthly, Feb 2000 v283 i2 pcover,45-8,50+ The three paragraphs in which you find the quotation for Hilberg are NOT about the sanctity of a mythical *6 million figure* (In fact, if you read the article, you saw that he got a certain amount of heat exactly for NOT using the 6 million figure, but estimating something about 5.1 million). It is about records, and about being faithful to your research, to the data.

Whatever we talked about--Goldhagen, Hitler's guilt, the parallel lives of Soviet and American Jews--we seemed always to come back to numbers. "These numbers do matter," Hilberg said. "They also matter for a very simple reason--call it religious, if you like." At this point he saw my gaze shift from the Teletubbies magnets on his refrigerator to the menorah on top of his television set. "I'm an atheist," he said. "All these things belong to my wife, not me. I am an atheist. But there is ultimately, if you don't want to surrender to nihilism entirely, the matter of a record. Does the record matter? In my judgment it is not discussable. It is not arguable. It matters because it matters to me--it's my life." The sanctity of facts. As I left Hilberg, I thought, It's not much. After a lifetime of studying brutality, inhumanity, murder on an industrial scale, after personal tragedy and professional conflict, this is what he has left to hold on to. The sanctity of facts. And yet Hilberg's passion for detail, his police-reporter's faith in getting it down right, stayed with me longer than any of the conflicting sympathies aroused by my inquiries. The sanctity of facts. It isn't much. It may not be enough. But it is all we have.

I am sorry, I don't see anything "jihadist" about it. Again, I am afraid we are turning this Talk page in a forum. If there are "biblical" references to the 6 million number, please let's see the sources--as long as they are authoritative and verifiable. I am not saying taht they don't exist. I am just saying that to include in the article they must come from authoritative sources and be relevant to the article. I have seen numbers, from newspapers during the war, denouncing the death of 2 million, 5 million, or saying that the 9 million European Jews were at risk. This is the big problem with predictions: we can mention several figures, and only remember those which were confirmed by the events. It does not mean that the estimates after the event are less reliables: it just mean that one of the pre-event guesses hit the target.--Ninarosa 20:32, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
Re: World Almanac. :: I actually see the books, not the web, for the World Almanac. It is not a question of how good is the World Almanac's data. It is a popular periodic that relies on secondary souces. As with any other source, no data from the Almanac can be accepted at its face value without corroboration from other sources. The real problem is the way deniers have used the Almanac. They quote a figure of 1947 as been very similar to the pre-war figures, "proving" that there was not loss of Jewish population during the war. However, because of the war, between 1939 and 1948, the World Almanac published only the figures of 1939, because it was the last data available. Only in 1949 they updated to post-war data. There is a clear warning on the top of the page in all volumes from 39 to 48 saying that those figures are from the last available data, 1938/39. Holocaust deniers use those figures but ignore the warning. This is not misinterpretation--not even simple BS. It is deliberate falsification of data.--Ninarosa 21:42, 8 February 2007 (UTC)


However, the deniers( or some of them - the ones I have seen ) use the 1949 figure. Are the 1939 and 1949 figures from the Almanac good? It appears they read the warning too, the careful ones anyway. The population appears very stable over time, except for recent years when the Almanac gets way off the mark for awhile - maybe methodology or mistake. Further followup on this point has several of the more scholarly deniers saying that population figures are not worth much in provong or disproving anything. Bad methodology combined with political agendas appear to have resulted in garbage figures - Almanac included.

(Please sign your posts). 1947 World Almanac for Jew population in Europe (refering to 1938 figures): 8,939,608. 1949 World Amanac for Jew population in Europe (refering to 1947 figures): 3,920,100. The population DOES NOT appear stable over time.--Ninarosa 17:32, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

The New York Times, February 22nd, 1948 placed the number of Jews in the world at a minimum of 15,600,000 and a maximum of 18,700,000. Saintrotter 13 February 2007


Ninarosa - exactly the point - politics seems to have overwhelmed the numbers. The Almanc's numbers appear so drastically out of line - compared to anyone else - that they appeared compromised from the inside. If the Almanac is correct then according to them et al the Jews would have the world's highest birthrate to get back to current numbers - it all seems unlikely.


The reason for this high figure is underlined by Albert Maisal in his article "Our Newest Americans" (Readers Digest, January, 1957), for he reveals that "Soon after World War II, by Presidential decree, 90 per cent of all quota visas for central and eastern Europe were issued to the uprooted." Reprinted on this page is just one extract from hundreds that regularly appear in the obituary columns of Aufbau, the Jewish American weekly published in New York (June 16th, 1972). It shows how Jewish emigrants to the United States subsequently changed their names; their former names when in Europe appear in brackets. For example, as below: Arthur Kingsley (formerly Dr. Königsberger of Frankfurt). Could it be that some or all of these people whose names are 'deceased' were included in the missing six million of Europe? Saintrotter 14 February 2007


Holocaust of Greeks

The Greeks have been using the term 'holocaust' at least since the 19th century to refer to the destruction or extermination of Greek communities. It should be briefly included in the main article as part of the background to the word and the emergence of the concept. Politis 22:06, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Calm down friends, no one wants to monoplize ther term holocaust :-)

This article is a frequent source of heated debate. Please try to keep a cool head when commenting here.

I agree, we need calm talk here! --86.29.251.164 17:18, 6 February 2007 (UTC)

Yep--86.25.50.191 14:39, 7 February 2007 (UTC) Yes, calm it down on this page. --Nikki Fagin 08:40, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Holocaust day transformation

I think some elements from this article on the changing of the Holocaust Day in G-B to a Palestinian Genocide day should be talked about. People should be aware of "dhimmitude" capitulation from governing bodies in the West and the rewriting of history by Radical Islam, like portrayed in this article:

http://www.jihadwatch.org/dhimmiwatch/archives/015049.phpVincentG 22:44, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Oh for heaven's sake, it's a small suburb, not "governing bodies in the West". What do you mean by G-B? Paul B 22:52, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Great-Britain and for "heaven's sake", this is a reality so go read what I posted instead of whining. By the way, this is a trend in the West, capitulation against Muslims...If you're socialy blind, that's your problem.VincentG 00:15, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

Go look at the user page of our charming sarcasm-merchant Saintrotter. You we see that in his mental world the holocaust is promoted by liberal-leftists to distract attention from the dastardly deeds of Stalin! So is it the left who promote it it deny it? I don't think the anti left and anti-Muslim rants on jihadwatch constitute reliable evidence. The main story concerns a Spanish suburb. After scrolling down there is one from a reader about a short-lived decision in Bolton to replace a Holocaust memorial day with a Genocide memorial day that would be more inclusive. Whether that decision was right or wrong it certainly does not consitute Holocaust denial in any form. It was just an attempt accomodate demads from various groups that "their" victimhood be included. I'm guessing that by "capitulation against Muslims" you mean "capitulation to Muslims". Tell that to Muslim communities in the UK. 08:50, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

And what about Morocco's holocaust of W. Saharah since 1975! --86.29.242.132 02:43, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

This is page is about The holocaust. Paul B 08:50, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

I never hered of the mooted change over, I think it was a spoof story run in some tabloids.--Bobie Alice Flinker 03:19, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

I agree with Alice.--Nikbar Sini 04:00, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

I also agree with Alice, it was just a silly press romour tyhat breifly hit the U.K. --Nikki Fagin 08:40, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Nikki's right. --86.25.52.66 09:10, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Red Links

On the opening picture could editors kindly refrain from linking things that are going to turn out red; perhaps you did it inadvertantly but it looks rather unseemly, thanks. Ahadland 22:37, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

NPOV

Is't this thread geting a bit to 'so what about the holocaust'. Are there Holocaust deniers among us?

The neutrality of this article is disputed.
Please see the discussion on the talk page.
This article is a frequent source of heated debate. Please try to keep a cool head when commenting here.

It's always in nead of these tags. --86.29.240.170 18:19, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Yes, some eddits are getting rather one-sided.--86.29.243.163 02:29, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

I noticed it to. --Strento 03:41, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

Lead

Do we have any sources for the paragraph:

Millions of other minority members also perished. About 220,000 Sinti and Roma were murdered (some estimates are as high as 800,000) — between a quarter to a half of their European population. Other groups deemed by the Nazis to be "racially inferior" or "undesirable" included Poles (six million killed, of whom three million were Christian, and the rest Jewish), Serbs (estimates vary between 500,000 and 1.2 million killed, mostly by Croat Ustaše), around 500,000 Bosniaks[1], Soviet military prisoners of war and civilians in occupied territories including Russians and other East Slavs, the mentally or physically disabled, homosexuals, Africans, Jehovah's Witnesses, communists and political dissidents, trade unionists, Freemasons, Eastern Christians, and Roman Catholic and Protestant clergy, were also persecuted and killed.

I would like to see a scholarly source who says that Roman Catholic and Protestant clergy were targeted as racially inferior or undesirable. It's also problematic that we acknowledge most scholars define the Holocaust as the genocide of the Jews, but we then devote most of our lead to discussing other groups. I think we need to find a lead that accurately reflects the scholarship. This lead is suggesting that anyone who was killed in Europe during WWII was a victim of the Holocaust. SlimVirgin (talk) 07:08, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

SlimVirgin, first, few historians nowadays say that the Holocaust was defined ONLY as the genocide of the Jews. In fact, many complain that not enough emphasis has been given to the non-Jewish victims of the Holocaust. The killing of the Jews is part of a larger event--Auschwitz could not have happened without the T4, for instance. There was a big discussion about the use of the word Holocaust for non-Jew victims in 1993, between Yehuda Bauer and Sybil Milton (published in Genocide or Holocaust? Gypsies and Jews, The History Teacher, Vol. 26, No. 3. (May, 1993), pp. 385-386. Currently, most of the books you will find include a larger typification of non-Jew victims as part of the genocidal structrute--including Roma, Poles, Slaves and others. Second, it was not Roman Catholic and Protestant clergy who were targeted as racially inferior or undesiderable, but Poles (including Catholics and Protestants), Serbs and Slaves, and the others mentioned. (the paragraph you quoted is clear about it). Christopher Browing, in the Origins of the Final Solution, however, describes how Polish clergy was particularly targeted because they were leaders among the Poles. Once eliminated the leaders, the inferior race would submit more easily to their betters. About the inclusion of other non-Jew victims in the idea of Holocaust, see Holocaust-History (It is not a scholarly source, but they are fairly correct here). A more explicit article would be Mary Johnson; Carol Rittner, Circles of Hell: Jewish and Non-Jewish Victims of the Nazis. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 548, The Holocaust: Remembering for the Future. (Nov., 1996), pp. 123-137.
I am sorry, but I reverted your edits to the previous verstion that reflects better this stage of the historiography. I will be glad to provide other scholarly sources, if you want.--Ninarosa 08:02, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
Ninarosa, a question first: do you accept that our lead must reflect the majority and significant-minority scholarly positions? SlimVirgin (talk) 08:06, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
SlimVirgim, scholarly positions are not like voting yes or no. There are several gradations of agreement and consensus. I believe that the lead should reflect the most inclusive and the most accepted definition. As it is now, after you re-revert? (GRRRRR!) No, I am afraid I disagree. You may say that some scholars consider that the term Holocaust applies only for Jews--Yehuda Bauer, as I mentioned earlier, is the one who says that the Roma suffered a genocide, but the Holocaust is a term reserved for the genocide of Jews. This is not the consensus nowadays, not scholarly, and not even political (see recent Holocaust reparations for the Roma, and their inclusion in Holocaust memorials). There are several articles that discuss the centrality of the Jews in the Holocaust, but even those rarely follow Bauer in his concept of exclusivity of the word "Holocaust". Some Holocaust Museums avoid the discussion completely by using the expression "victims of the HOlocaust and Nazi persecution". But historians mostly refer to Roma, and the disable (the more restrict), and then the Poles and the Slaves and others (the more inclusive) and others as victims of the Holocaust. Please revert the article to the original version.--Ninarosa 08:35, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
Okay, but you avoided the question. Our policies say that our articles must reflect the majority and significant-minority positions, and the policies particularly apply to the lead section. The previous lead wasn't well written; it was too long; and it seemed determined to define the term "The Holocaust" as loosely as possible, to the point of absurdity in fact; indeed, one of the footnotes confirmed that was the intention. This is what we call "original research" and it's not allowed in Wikipedia. See WP:NOR.
It seems clear to me that the majority scholarly position is that the term "The Holocaust" refers to the Jewish victims; and that a significant minority of scholars use the term more loosely. I stand to be corrected, of course. Can you offer any scholarly sources to back up what you're saying, sticking to Holocaust scholars? SlimVirgin (talk) 08:42, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
For example, note that concise.britannica.com's lead reads:

Systematic state-sponsored killing of Jews and others by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II

. Whereas britannica.com's lead reads:

The killing of millions of people by Nazi Germany during World War II is referred to as the Holocaust, though the term is most commonly used to describe the fate of Europe's Jews. While Roma (Gypsies), Slavs, homosexuals, and others also were singled out for obliteration, the Nazis' various policies for exterminating the Jews were the most deliberate and calculated, and the primary goal of the Nazi regime was the extermination of all the Jews in Europe. This purpose was nearly fulfilled—out of an estimated 9.5 million Jews living in Europe before the war, about 6 million were killed. In addition, millions of Poles and Russians were also killed.

El_C 08:50, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
The Encyclopaedia Brittanica's lead is:

Hebrew Sho'ah, Yiddish and Hebrew Hurban (“Destruction”) the systematic state-sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. The Germans called this “the final solution to the Jewish question.” The word Holocaust is derived from the Greek holokauston, a translation of the Hebrew word 'olah, meaning a burnt sacrifice offered whole to God. This word was chosen because in the ultimate manifestation of the Nazi killing program—the extermination camps—the bodies of the victims were consumed whole in crematoria and open fires.

SlimVirgin (talk) 09:02, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
That's the print edition, I presume? El_C 09:06, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
No, that's the lead to the 2007 online version. SlimVirgin (talk) 09:17, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
So what do I have up there? El_C 09:21, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
You have concise EB; Slim Virgin's version is the opening para of the full EB. I do think the list has got out of hand. Africans? Unless the sterilisation of some of the so-called Rhineland Bastards is considered to be part of the "Holocaust" then this inclusion seems absurd. Paul B 11:25, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
Oh, I thought the 2nd link I provided was a different article than the first... Otherwise, agreed. El_C 13:37, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
Again, I disagree. Scholarly consensus has been moving towards the direction of inclusiveness (particularly for the question of the Roma and the disable). In fact, as you go through modern academic literature (the last 20 years), "Holocaust" more and more includes non-Jewish victims. Just an example: Alex Callinicos, from York University, (2001) The Holocaust is--for good reasons I need not rehearse here--generally held to be the most extreme case of human evil. All the different kinds of domination fused together in Auschwitz--racism, directed at Jews, Slavs, and Roma; the economic exploitation of slave labour; the oppression of gays and women; the persecution of dissenting minorities such as Communists and Jehovah's Witnesses. Or Slawomir Kapralski, "Identity Building and the Holocaust: Roma Political Nationalism." I have already mentioned Sybil Milton (who was a senior historian at the Research Institute of the US Holocaust Memorial Museum), and Henry Friedlander, a leading Holocaust historian in the USA, is another important voice. This increasing consensus has had an impact on common language [3], as well on political bodies. See this press release from the UN, for instance. It is not a question of ranking victims--it is the concept of hte holocaust as a racist, mordern project, and the common fate of the victims. The famous pictures of Mengele's twins are of Roma children. The technology and expertise for mass murder was developed for the disable in the T4. The tactics of Eisengruppen were first developed in the invasion of Poland, against Polish leaders. I have seen several good arguments that convinced me of the centrality of Jews in the Holocaust; I have never seen a convincing argument for their exclusivity.
If this is not enough, let me try in another way: by deciding to describe the Holocaust as an 'exclusive' Jewish event, wikipedia is taking sides in a ongoing scholarly debate (I could say on the 'declining' side of an ongoing scholarly debate). this is NOT holocaust denial, with no legitimacy in the academia, and it must receive more than mere lip service in the body of the text or in the footnotes. At very least Wikipedia must admit the existence of debate in the lead--Ninarosa 17:20, 9 February 2007 (UTC)
Ops, I have just seen the latest version. I am not completely happy, but I think it may work. Be prepared for tons of debates here from people who will disagree. I would increase, however, the estimates for the death toll of the Roma and Sinti. 200,000 is the lowest end, the US Holocaust Museum point to a range of 200,000 to 500,000, and research has been working toward the highest end. [4] Also, there is a typo in the reference 3, Holcoaust, instead of Holocaust.--Ninarosa 18:26, 9 February 2007 (UTC)


Any eyewitnesses from these various groups - Gypsies, Africans, etc, etc. Any evidence at all, eyewitness, census, ( I sometimes find it hard to believe that not one European country seems to have had a census worth more than burning )etc.

(please sign your posts). Check [5] or [6] These are two documentary videos with interviews with Roma and Sinti survivors. The subtitles are in Italina, but part of the interviews are in Romani or German. --Ninarosa 02:10, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Forced prostitution

The sentence "Women were forced into brothels for the SS guards" under cruelty is not supported by the citation, where it discuses the use of prisoner brothels. Is there an alternate source for this? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 142.204.88.166 (talkcontribs).

The brothel issue understandably suffers from lack of eyewitness testimony. How a brothel operates in a prison camp - excuse me, a death camp - seems odd. Customers? pay? personnel? Let's forget this one - by the way, the forced part is pure conjecture - we don't even know if they were inmates of the camp.—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.63 (talkcontribs).
It's well known that there were women in Auschwitz and elsewhere who were imprisoned for prostitution. They were convicted of it, and then allowed to practice their crime in their prison. I don't know of evidence about forced prostitution. It depends how you define force, but of course instances wouldn't be surprising. Paul B 20:00, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

We don't usually like to mention that many of the prisoners at the various death camps were actually common criminals - who once their prison sentence was up they left and went home. Like most prisons the criminals probably were your greatest danger. Did any of the large contingent of criminals at Auschwitz etc every observe any gassings? Are there court records that survived the war? More research in view? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.63 (talkcontribs).

Your use of hyperbole does not change the fact that in the cited article, it states that women were forced into prostitution for the prisoners -- not the SS guards. The article should be corrected to reflect this, or this statement removed until a reputable source can be found that supports the claim. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 142.204.88.166 (talkcontribs).
If every statement that couldn't be sited with a factual reference was lifted from this wiki article it would be too short.—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.63 (talkcontribs).
Ignoring 159.105.80.63's usual inanities, you are right that the citation does not support the statement. The citation itself is also rather questionable. It's written from an explicitly feminist pov which seems to take for granted that the prostitution was "forced" and is "abuse", but provides no real evidence of this. Instead the evidence presented seems to be what is well known. Some women who had been convicted of prostitution were allowed or encouraged to practice their trade in the camp in exchange for a more comfortable lifestyle. Both guards and some privileged prisoners were given access to their services. Paul B 13:47, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

"For the prisoners" - how were they paid. Were prisoners given wages - I don't doubt it. Leisure time activities? SS or prisoners - both? Not wanting to change the subject, BUT browsing the web I came across some postWW2 reports on the treatment of German after the war. The numbers of Germans who were straved to death after the war is estimated at 5.7 million - surprising close to the Jewish number. Is this a case of psychological transference ( if I remeber the term correctly from my school days)? Add the soldiers who never reappeared from Russia and you have almost an even 6 million! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 159.105.80.63 (talkcontribs).

Just shut up please. Paul B 16:37, 14 February 2007 (UTC)


The usual believer inanitiy. But actually the core of the defense, good work. The starvation of the Germans postWW2 I guess is a sore subject with some. Transference frequently occurs - Freud et al - when one is overwhelmed by your own behavior - just a possibility.

Inconsistent maths in the source for Romanian Holocaust

I have noticed a weird inconsistence in the source for Romanian Holocaust figures. In the first page of the document, the total numbers are given: However, the Commission concludes that between 280,000 and 380,000 Romanian and Ukrainian Jews were murdered or died during the Holocaust in Romania and the territories under its control.. On the next page, part of the same section of the text (Determining the Number of Victims), the following numbers are given in a bit more detailed paragraph: Between 45,000 and 60,000 Jews were killed in Bessarabia and Bukovina by Romanian and German troops in 1941. Between 105,000 and 120,000 deported Romanian Jews died as a result of the expulsions to Transnistria. In Transnistria between 115,000 and 180,000 indigenous Jews were killed, especially in Odessa and the counties of Golta and Berezovka. At least 15,000 Jews from the Regat were murdered in the Iasi pogrom and as a result of other anti-Jewish measures..

Now let's do some math.

45,000 - 60,000 = killed in Bessarabia and Bukovina in 1941

105,000 - 120,000 = died as a result of expulsions in Transnistria

115,000 - 180,000 = died in Transnistria

15,000 = died in Regat (Wallachia and Moldavia)


280,000 - 360,000

It seems there is still a difference of 0 - 20,000 victims up to the total number of victims concluded by this Commission. This difference looks very weird, as it cannot be a missing estimation (the lower bound of the range is 0!). Most probably it is an error (typing or computing). Whatever the cause, it undermines this source's reliability. I believe it would be nice to use some other reputable sources (e.g. historians like Radu Ioanid), if anyone has them. Daizus 13:31, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

I don't understand what the problem is. The lower estimate (45000 + 105000 + 11500 + 15000) adds up to 280000. The upper estimate (60000 + 120000 + 180000 + 15000) adds up to 375000 (not 360000). OK, that's slightly less than 380000, but not by much. It's not significant since the 15000 figure is said to be a minimum ("at least 15000"). I don't see any real inconsistency here, at least not of such significance that a dispute tag is deserved. Paul B 19:33, 19 February 2007 (UTC)
Sorry, my bad. I have added it here some days ago and noticed no response and that's why I have added the tag in the main page. I'll remove the tag. Daizus 19:42, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

"World domination"(???) in the "see also" section.

What the bloody hell does that have to do with the Holocaust? I suspect vandalism. --132.69.234.73 14:16, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

The Polish People As a Whole

It would be respectful to acknowledge the drastic number of losses suffered by the Polish people as a whole. An average of one in every five Poles lost their lives at the hands of the Nazis. It's about time the rest of the world becomes aware of the devastating losses incurred by Poland as a nation, within a few years she had lost nearly 10% of her citizenry! The fact that statements about Polish losses are always followed with an estimate of the amount of Jewish citizens that might include is a deeply disrespectful marginalization of the Polish people. If it must be insisted upon to continually specify the percentage of lost lives that were possibly Jewish, it must also be recognized that the hatred of the Nazis was not bound by religion alone, and that a great number of the Polish victims of the holocaust were also Christian and many other denominations of faith .

[7]

--pixiequix 00:03, 17 February 2007 (UTC)





SlimVirgin, I hate to say "I told ya", but I told you! Ok, I DON'T hate to say it... Pixiequix, please see above the discussion about the Lead. Without minimizing for a second the violence suffered by Poles, both Jews and Christians, the new lead acknowledges that some historians consider that the name Holocaust refers most particularly to the genocide of Jews. this IS polemic. I wonder if there should be an article on victims of Nazi persecution, not only lumped with "others" or "non-Jews". On the other hand, what do you propose? To include an item in particular on the effects on Poland? There is already something that could be expanded in [[8]]--Ninarosa 01:38, 17 February 2007 (UTC)





Yes Ninarosa, I think an article devoted entirely to the effects of Nazi occupation on Poland would be highly appropriate. It's no small amount of lives that were lost, with a growing number being impacted by those losses every day. I was in my 20's when I realized that my life and family had been directly impacted by the genocide carried out during the Holocaust. And I know that there are many others who would also benefit from learning about this period of history without an intrusive media slant. Let the scholars be bogged down in polemics and semantics, the rest of the world doesn't need to be imposed upon by their intellectual gymnastics. If and when a decision is reached it will be shared, I'm sure, so until then it will be safe to stick with what is already known. :)

--pixiequix 23:59, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Roma and Sinti

Just clarify why I included the word Sinti among the victims: Roma and Sinti are two different Romani groups, and amongst the most affected by the Nazi persecution. They are not the same group, although they are equally identified as "Gypsies". This is particularly important because of the jazz musician Django Reinhardt, who wrote a song about the Porrajmos, and he was Sinti, but not Roma. Mentioning only hte Roma would be like considering that all Slavs are Russian.--Ninarosa 01:30, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

Vandalism from January 7

Hey! Please remove this vandalism: [9]. Thanks --80.219.228.176 04:07, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

  • Hey. I wondered about that when it went in. What was it all about? Trilingual vandalism or something? --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 06:39, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

The Holocaust by a Yr9 pupil UK

My view on he holocaust is a view not from that of someone religious, but just another person, although I do feel strongly about it. I feel it was an aweful thing,that anyone could do such a thing to just innocent people. Why would they want to be responsible for all those deaths, for power? I think thatanyone who does something like 'The Holocaust' could not be on this earth, as they are just the wrong type of people for it. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 81.157.193.136 (talk) 17:24, 17 February 2007 (UTC).

Ponary massacre

I have split this article from Panerai, expanded and referenced, and adjusted the relevant template to point there. It can still use more editing.-- Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus | talk  22:03, 17 February 2007 (UTC)