Armageddon: The Alien Agenda
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Please note: All of the events described here occur immediately after issue 2 of Armageddon 2001 (cover date October 1990).
After being thrown forward into the era of the dinosaurs (sometime between 230 and 65 million years ago), hostile aliens (similar in appearance to the Dominators from the "Invasion!" storyline) encountered Monarch and Captain Atom and attempted to enlist both to (without either's knowledge) assist them in creating a wormhole. The wormhole's creation would destroy the universe in which the primitive Earth existed, but would allow the aliens to travel freely.
The creation of the wormhole hinged on a sophisticated, bowling ball shaped "trigger". Captain Atom next causes an explosion on the primitive Earth, which propels both he, and the trigger, forward in to ancient, Emperor Nero (54-68 A.D.) era Rome. Monarch strikes a bargain to retrieve the trigger if the aliens agree to place him back in his own time. Monarch allows the aliens to freeze place him in stasis - along with an alien companion - with a device that will awaken him when it senses Captain Atom.
Once awake, Monarch follows Atom through; the Roman era previously mentioned, the "Old West" era (approx. late 1890s), and finally into World War II (estimated near 1945 - as they are testing atomic power). In the World War II, they stumble into an atomic test (which Atom is aware of, but Monarch is not) and Atom is blasted into the present, while Monarch's fate is left unknown.
[All of these events occur between issues 1 and 4 of Armageddon: The Alien Agenda (cover dates November 1990 to February 1991).]
For further reference, please also see the Monarch, Hank Hall and Armageddon 2001 entries.