TGF beta 3

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Transforming growth factor beta-3
Other names:	TGF-beta-3
Genetic data
Locus:	Chr. 14 q24
Gene code:	HUGO code:TGFB3
Protein Structure/Function
Structure:	Molecular structure
Protein type:	TGF beta family
Functions:	cell differentiation, embryogenesis
Other
Taxa expressing:	Homo sapiens; homologs: many metazoan phyla
Cell types:	many
Subcellular localization:	extracellular
Covalent modifications:	glycosylation
Medical/Biotechnological data
Diseases:	Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia 1
Database Links
Entrez:	7043
OMIM:	190230
RefSeq:	NM_003239
UniProt:	P10600

Transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) is a type of protein, known as a cytokine, which is involved in cell differentiation, embryogenesis and development. It belongs to a large family of cytokines called the Transforming growth factor beta superfamily, which includes the TGF-β family, Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs), inhibins and activins.^[1]

TGF-β3 is believed to regulate molecules involved in cellular adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation during the process of palate development. Without TGF-β3, mammals develop a deformity known as a cleft palate.^[2]^[3] This is caused by failure of epithelial cells in both sides of the developing palate to fuse. TGF-β3 also plays an essential role in controlling the development of lungs in mammals, by also regulating cell adhesion and ECM formation in this tissue,^[4] and controls wound healing by regulating the movements of epidermal and dermal cells in injured skin.^[5]

[edit] References

^ Herpin A, Lelong C, Favrel P (2004). "Transforming growth factor-beta-related proteins: an ancestral and widespread superfamily of cytokines in metazoans". Dev Comp Immunol 28 (5): 461-85. PMID 15062644.
^ Taya Y, O'Kane S, Ferguson M (1999). "Pathogenesis of cleft palate in TGF-beta3 knockout mice". Development 126 (17): 3869-79. PMID 10433915.
^ Dudas M, Nagy A, Laping N, Moustakas A, Kaartinen V (2004). "Tgf-beta3-induced palatal fusion is mediated by Alk-5/Smad pathway". Dev Biol 266 (1): 96-108. PMID 14729481.
^ Kaartinen V, Voncken J, Shuler C, Warburton D, Bu D, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J (1995). "Abnormal lung development and cleft palate in mice lacking TGF-beta 3 indicates defects of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction". Nat Genet 11 (4): 415-21. PMID 7493022.
^ Bandyopadhyay B, Fan J, Guan S, Li Y, Chen M, Woodley DT, Li W (2006). "A "traffic control" role for TGFbeta3: orchestrating dermal and epidermal cell motility during wound healing". J Cell Biol. 172 (7): 1093-105. PMID 16549496.