Takelma language

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Takelma
Spoken in:	United States
Region:	Oregon, Rogue Valley along the middle course of the Rogue River
Language extinction:	19th century
Language family:	isolate  Takelma
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	nai
ISO 639-3:	tkm
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-​based pronunciation key.

Takelma was the language spoken by the Takelma people.

Contents 1 Genealogical relations 2 Phonology 2.1 Consonants 3 Words 4 References

[edit] Genealogical relations

Takelma is a language isolate. Takelma has often been considered to be in a Takelman (or Takelma-Kalapuyan) language family together with the Kalapuyan languages. However, a recent paper by Kendall & Tarpent (1998) finds this relationship to be unfounded. However, there is much hopeful speculation that Takelma (along with Kalapuyan and other language groups) may be part of a proposed Penutian super-family.

[edit] Phonology

[edit] Consonants

		Bi­la­bial	Al­veo­lar		Post- Al­veo­lar	Pa­la­tal	Ve­lar		Glot­tal
			cen­tral	la­te­ral			voiced	un- voiced
Plosive	unaspirated	p	t					k	ʔ
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ					kʰ
	ejective	pʼ	tʼ					kʼ
Affricate	ejective		ʦ’		ʧ’
Fricative			s	ɬ	ʃ			x	h
Nasal		m	n
Approximant				l		j	w	ʍ

[edit] Words

• mì:ʔskaʔ - one
• kà:ʔm - two
• xìpiní - three
• kamkàm - four
• dé:hal - five
• haʔi:mìʔs - six
• haʔi:kà:ʔm - seven
• haʔi:xín - eight
• haʔi:kó - nine
• ìxti:l - ten

[edit] References

• Sapir, Edward. 1909. Takelma Texts. University of Pennsylvania Anthropological Publications 2(1):1-263.
• Sapir, Edward. 1922. The Takelma Language of Southwestern Oregon. In Handbook of American Indian Languages, part II, pp. 1-296. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 40.