Sylmar, Los Angeles, California
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sylmar is a district in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles, California. It is located east of Interstate 5 and north of the city of San Fernando. Sylmar was once the site of the world’s largest olive groves - hence its name, which means “Sea of Trees”.
Contents |
[edit] History
Some 1500 years before the Spaniards settled, the Sylmar area was inhabited by the Tongva Indians. In 1797, the Spaniards founded Mission San Fernando Rey de España in what is now the nearby community of Mission Hills. Father Iballa, Padre at the Mission from 1820 to 1834, was indirectly responsible for Sylmar’s olives. He recognized the similarity of the climate and soil to those found in Europe where olives had been cultivated for centuries. He sent to Spain for young seedlings and planted them around the mission. Sylmar’s existence is so entwined with that of San Fernando that for many years the two were thought of as one. San Fernando became a city in 1874. By 1890, a group of Illinois businessmen bought 2,000 acres (8 km²) east of the railroad tracks on San Fernando Road just south of Roxford Street and planted olives on over 1,100 acres (4.5 km²). Calling themselves the Los Angeles Olive Growers Association, they built a packing plant and sold olives under the Sylmar Packing label. Sylmar’s olives became famous throughout the state for sweetness and purity. Chinese pickers were hired to harvest the crops and produced up to 800 US gallons (3,000 L) of olive oil a day. The pickling plant was located on the corner of Roxford and San Fernando Road.
Along with its near perfect climate for growing olives, Sylmar seemed also ideal for the treatment of respiratory problems. The present Olive View-UCLA Medical Center has its root in a tuberculosis sanitarium which opened close to the current site in 1920 and was destroyed by a fire in 1962. A new major medical center facility opened in January 1971 and was destroyed in the Sylmar earthquake the following month. The new Olive View Medical Center was completed and opened in 1987.
[edit] Pioneer Cemetery
Located on a 3.8 acre (15,000 m²) site at the corner of Foothill Boulevard and Bledsoe Street, the Pioneer Cemetery was originally a 10 acre (400,000 m²) site when dedicated in 1892. It was known at the time as the San Fernando Cemetery and also as the Morningside Cemetery and is the second oldest cemetery in the San Fernando Valley. Over 740 outstanding residents were buried there between 1892 and 1939. The cemetery was officially abandoned in 1960. Edith Reber, a long time resident of Sylmar and an active member of the Chamber, for many years ran a volunteer effort to maintain the grounds with the help of local volunteer groups. It is located on what is currently the corner of Foothill Boulevard and Bledsoe Street.
[edit] Topography and Climate
Sylmar is generally flat with sloping hills of the San Gabriel Mountains to the north. Summer temperatures have been known to occasionally reach above 110°F (43°C), though the average summer temperature is 88°F (31°C), dropping down to 68°F (20°C) in winter with cooler evenings. It is the one area in the Los Angeles basin that is relatively smog free due to the occasionally strong winds along the foothills.
[edit] Parks
Stetson Ranch Equestrian Park, located just below the mountains and adjacent to Angeles National Forest, is one of only two equestrian parks located in Los Angeles City. Hang gliders can be seen soaring in the mountain areas and landing in Sylmar. Several other city and county parks and two golf courses are also located within Sylmar’s boundaries.
A Veterans Administration hospital built in 1926 at the end of Sayre Street was destroyed by the 1971 earthquake and the entire 97 acres (390,000 m²) were dedicated to Los Angeles County in 1977 as Veterans Memorial Park.
The first public park was formally dedicated in 1964 on the site of the old El Retiro School for Girls at Polk Street and Borden Avenue. Sylmar fell heir to 160 acres (650,000 m²) of land among Hubbard Street at Eldridge Avenue when the state abandoned plans for a regional mental hospital. Eleven acres (45,000 m²) were bought by the Los Angeles Unified School District for a future junior high school and subsequently sold to the Los Angeles Community College District, and Los Angeles Mission College was built. The remaining land is now El Cariso County Park.
[edit] Power and Water
Near Sylmar is the Sylmar Converter Station, the static inverter plant for the HVDC Pacific DC Intertie power line. The plant was inaugurated in 1970, destroyed in the earthquake of 1971, rebuilt in 1972, and extended in 1985. When the Pacific Intertie was extended in 1989, a second static inverter station called Sylmar-East was built a few kilometers away.
Sylmar is the terminus of the Los Angeles Aqueduct.
[edit] Transportation
Sylmar is the northernmost neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles. It is accessible from the Golden State Freeway (Interstate 5) and the Foothill Freeway (Interstate 210). The southern terminus of the Antelope Valley Freeway (CA-14) is at the northernmost section of Sylmar. Sylmar is roughly bounded by Interstate 5 on the west, the San Gabriel Mountains on the north and east, and the city of San Fernando on the south. Granada Hills lies to the west and Mission Hills is to the southwest of Sylmar. Major thoroughfares include Foothill Boulevard, San Fernando Road, Bradley Avenue, Glenoaks Boulevard, Roxford Street, Polk Street and Laurel Canyon Boulevard.
[edit] Education
Sylmar is served by the Los Angeles Unified School District.
Elementary schools that serve Sylmar include:
- Sylmar Elementary School
- Dyer Street Elementary School
- El Dorado Avenue Elementary School
- Harding Street Elementary School
- Herrick Avenue Elementary School
- Hubbard Street Elementary School
- Osceola Street Elementary School
Most residents are zoned to Olive Vista Middle School, while some are zoned to San Fernando Middle School in the city of San Fernando.
Almost all area residents are zoned to Sylmar High School. A few are zoned to San Fernando High School in the city of San Fernando.
Evergreen Continuation School is in the area.
Los Angeles Public Library operates the Sylmar Branch.
[edit] Sources
[edit] External links
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
