Sybiraks

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Christmas Eve in Siberia, by Jacek Malczewski.

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Sybiraks (in Russian сибиряк) is the name used for any kind of inhabitants of Siberia: indigenous, Russian, or those who have been in Siberia. In Polish language the term means those Poles who have been imprisoned or exiled to Siberia.

After the change in Russian penal law in 1847, exile and katorga became common penalties to the participants of national uprisings within the Russian Empire. This led to increasing number of Poles being sent to Siberia for katorga, they were known as Sybiraks. Some of them remained there, forming a Polish minority in Sibera.

People have been exiled to Siberia during the times of the Russian Empire and Soviet Union.