Sulawesi Hornbill
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| Penelopides exarhatus (Temminck, 1823) |
The Sulawesi Hornbill, Penelopides exarhatus also known as Temminck's Hornbill, Sulawesi Tarictic Hornbill or Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill is a medium-sized, up to 53cm long, black hornbill with a large, yellowish bill. The male has a yellow face and throat, and a reddish casque on top of bill. The female has all black plumage with a darker and smaller bill.
An Indonesian endemic, the Sulawesi Hornbill is distributed in the tropical lowland, swamps and primary forests of Sulawesi, from sea-level to altitude up to 1,100m. There are two subspecies of the Sulawesi Hornbill. The nominate form, P. e. exarhatus occurs in north Sulawesi. The second subspecies, P. e. sanfordi is found in central, east and south Sulawesi, Buton and Muna Island.
As with other hornbills, the Sulawesi Hornbill is believed to be a monogamous species. The diet consists mainly of fruits, figs and insects. The female seals itself inside a tree hole for egg-laying. During this time, the male will provide food for the female and the young.
Widespread and common throughout its native range, the Sulawesi Hornbill is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
[edit] References
- BirdLife International (2004). Penelopides exarhatus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 25 January 2007. Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
