Spirit of 69

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Spirit of '69 is a phrase used by traditional skinheads to commemorate the skinhead subculture's heyday in 1969.

The phrase celebrates the late 1960s, when ska and reggae music were the most popular with skinheads — and when there was a heavy emphasis on mod-influenced style. The expression is a reminder of the skinhead subculture's multicultural Jamaican and British working class roots. The phrase was first popularized by a group of Scottish skinheads called Glasgow Spy Kids.

Its use in the title of a skinhead history book, Spirit Of 69: A Skinhead Bible, led skinheads to adopt it around the world. The book was published in the early 1990s by the author George Marshall, a skinhead from Glasgow. In Spirit of '69: A Skinhead Bible, Marshall documents the origins and development of the skinhead subculture, describing elements such as music, dress and politics. While doing so, he effectively refutes many misunderstandings about skinheads; the most common being that they are all racists.

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