Souverainism
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Souverainism (from the French word ‘’souverainisme’’, i.e movement for sovereignty) is a doctrine which supports acquiring or preserving political independence of a nation or a region. It opposes federalism and approaches independist movements. In Europe, such political movements aim at ‘‘Europe of Nations’’, so that every country could see its independence and differences respected.
Supporters of the doctrine regard themselves as Eurorealists, opposed to the Eurofederalists, and call for confederal Europe. Souverainism is thus opposed to federalism, and some estimate that it involves sometimes nationalism, particularly in France where the parties lean on it (cf lists below).
Citation on souverainisme: «The sole reasonable economic policy is the following: as for the foreign, to protect, and interior, set free. The unequal competition and suffocation by the taxes and charges are two faces of the same crisis. The socialism à la French and the Brussels globalisation combine their devastating effects. » - Philippe de Villiers - Le Figaro, February 16, 2006 (regarding Bolkestein Directive)
The souverainism doctrine is particularly influential in France, where numerous political movements adhere to it:
French souverainist movements:
- Mouvement pour la France (nationalist)
- Rassemblement pour la France (Gaullist)
- Debout la République (Gaullist)
- Mouvement Républicain et Citoyen (left-wing souverainist)
- Rassemblement démocrate (centrist and monarchist souverainist)
- Forum pour la France (souverainist)
- Action Francaise (monarchist)
- Nouvelle Action Royaliste (monarchist)
Movements close to souverainism:
Nationalist movements:
(French)