Template:Solar System Infobox/Sun

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The Sun
The Sun
Observation data
Mean distance from Earth 149.6×106 km (92.95×106 mi)
(8.31 minutes at the speed of light)
Visual brightness (V) −26.8m
Absolute magnitude 4.8m
Spectral classification G2V
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core ~2.5×1017 km
(26,000 light-years)
Galactic period 2.25-2.50×108 a
Velocity 217 km/s orbit around the center of the Galaxy, 20 km/s relative to average velocity of other stars in stellar neighbourhood
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter 1.392×106 km (109 Earths)
Circumference 4.373×106 km
Oblateness 9×10−6
Surface area 6.09×1012 km² (11,900 Earths)
Volume 1.41×1027 km³ (1,300,000 Earths)
Mass 1.988 435×1030 kg (332,946 Earths)
Density 1,408 kg/m³
Surface gravity 273.95 m s-2 (27.9 g)
Escape velocity
from the surface
617.54 km/s (55 Earths)
Surface temperature 5785 K
Temperature of corona MK
Core temperature ~13.6 MK
Luminosity (Lsol) 3.827×1026 W
~3.75×1028 lm
(~98 lm/W efficacy)
Mean Intensity (Isol) 2.009×107 W m-2 sr-1
Rotation characteristics
Obliquity 7.25° (to the ecliptic)
67.23° (to the galactic plane)
Right ascension of North pole[1] 286.13°
(19 h 4 min 30 s)
Declination of North pole +63.87°
(63°52' North)
Rotation period at equator 25.38 days
(25 d 9 h 7 min 13 s)[1]
Rotation velocity at equator 7174 km/h
Photospheric composition (by mass)
Hydrogen 73.46 %
Helium 24.85 %
Oxygen 0.77 %
Carbon 0.29 %
Iron 0.16 %
Sulphur 0.12 %
Neon 0.12 %
Nitrogen 0.09 %
Silicon 0.07 %
Magnesium 0.05 %
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