User:SiGarb (work in progress)
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[edit] Creeton, Lincolnshire
Template:Infobox England place with map
  Map sources for SiGarb (work in progress) at grid reference TF013201
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Creeton is a very small village or hamlet in the south of Lincolnshire, England. It forms a parish with the neighbouring (even smaller) hamlet of Counthorpe, within the local government district of South Kesteven.
The name Creeton derives from Creata (the personal name of a Saxon chieftain) and tun, meaning farmstead, enclosure, manor or estate: it is still a farming district.
The parish of Counthorpe and Creeton lies between Little Bytham to the south, Swinstead and Swayfield to the north, and Castle Bytham to the west. The eastern boundary follows the edge of Grimsthorpe Park.
The village is situated on the B1176 road, a short distance east of the East Coast Main Line railway.
[edit] St. Peter's church
The church, dedicated to St. Peter, stands on the hillside overlooking the village and the River Glen valley. Its broach spire is a notable landmark from afar. The building is mainly of the 13th century, but there are two large fragments of Anglo-Saxon stonecarving in the graveyard and other (very worn) pieces built into the church wall, suggesting that an earlier (possibly wooden) church may once have stood on the same site.
The interior of the church is quite plain: waterleaf capitals to the chancel arch probably date from the late 12th century. The church owns a so-called "Judas Bible".
Some of the gravestones in the churchyard are said to have been brought from the site of Vaudey, a Cistercian Abbey in Grimsthorpe Park: several have been used as coping stones to the wall separating the rectory garden from the churchyard.
[edit] The Anglo-Saxon "crosses"
The larger of the freestanding stones (1.66 m long) has a striking design of two large roundels, both filled with two concentric bands of saltire (x-shaped) crosses, separated by two panels of two rows of six saltire crosses: these Romanesque patterns suggest a 12th century date. However, the decoration of the other sides is interlace or Celtic knot pattern, an earlier style, suggesting the larger, most elaborately decorated face was probably recut in the 12th century. This stone is often described as part of a cross shaft, but some authorities believe it to be a reused grave cover. It may even have been both, at different times, though one face of the stone (which would have been the underside of the grave-slab) is undecorated. The stone has also clearly been reused as a lintel, as one of the carved sides has been deeply notched at a later date to accommodate the door-frame. Whether this rebate was removed at the same time as the recutting of the roundels and saltire crosses is unclear.
The second section of cross-shaft is smaller, with a narrow collar close to the top. Crudely carved on three sides with interlace and on the fourth with a vigorous coiling vine-scroll, it has been used as a grave-marker in the north-west part of the churchyard.
The small sections of cross-shaft built into the church walls are so worn as to be almost unrecognisable, though the drilled holes which marked out the repeating interlace patterns are visible.
[edit] Population decline
The population figures for Counthorpe and Creeton make interesting reading [1]. In 1991 the combined population of the hamlets was estimated at 116, yet in the Domesday Book survey (1086), Counthorpe probably had 125 inhabitants, Creeton 105. It is estimated that the population peaked around 1300, when Counthorpe would have had about 375 inhabitants and Creeton 325 (a rough calculation, based on the Domesday figure, itself an extrapolation, multiplied by 3.5 in line with the national average, following Dodgshon, R.A. and Butlin, R.A. eds., An Historical Geography of England and Wales, 1978) [2]. However the calculations are made, it seems likely that this area supported a far larger population in medieval times than it does today.
[edit] Creeton facts and figures
- Grid reference: TF013201
- Postcode district: NG33 4 (xx)
- X: 501300m Y: 320200m
- Latitude: 52:46:11N (52.7696), Longitude: 0:29:57W (-0.4993)
[edit] Reference
- Pevsner, Nikolaus and Harris, John, The Buildings of England: Lincolnshire, Yale University Press (2002) ISBN 0-300-09620-8
[edit] External links
The Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Bourges is a cathedral located in Bourges, France.
The first cathedral on this site dated from the 11th–12th centuries and would have been built in the Romanesque style. Little is known of this building, which, by 1195, was considered to be too small; work began on its replacement that year. The new design seems to have been inspired by the plan of Notre Dame de Paris. By 1214 roughly half the building was complete, including the choir. Work ceased for about 10 years, restarting in 1225 with work on the nave and the west front, and the bulk of the building was finished by 1230. Work continued on the exterior at a much slower pace. Cracks appeared in the south tower and by 1313 it had to be strengthened. It was still too fragile, however, to be used as a bell tower.
Architects: Unknown
Key Dimensions: 15m wide by 37m high nave; 20m high arcade; 21.3m high inner aisle; 9.3m high outer aisle.
Materials: Cut Stone, Bearing Masonry
Function: Catholic Church
Important Features: This is the first cathedral of the high gothic era. Each ambulatory has its own portal. The five portal entrances required careful design to create a more coherent façade. This also eliminated the transept. The gallery has been removed and instead the inner aisle has been raised. This gives the cathedral a pyramidal shape under the buttresses.
Structural System: The use of flying buttresses was employed to help the structure of the building. However, since this was a fairly new technique, one can easily see the walls were still made quite thick to take the force. Six part ribbed vaults are used to hold up the ceiling.
Symbolism: The Great Tower is a copy of one found at the Louvre. It is a symbol of royal power. The status on the façade smile at the tympanum of the Last Judgment, welcoming the Judgment of Christ.
The cathedral was added to the list of the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1992.
[edit] External links
