Shantou class gunboat

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The Shantou class gunboat is also known as Swatow class gunboat, which is based on the Soviet P-6 class torpedo boat. Instead of wooden hulled and torpedoes as the main armament, the Shantou class is steel-hulled with guns as main armament. This unit is the predecessor of Type 062 class gunboats, or more commonly known as Shanghai-I & II class. Entering service from 1955 to 1960, these units had been completely taken out of active service by the mid 1990’s and were transferred to law enforcement agencies. However, just like the Beihai, Huangpu and Yulin that were transferred for law enforcement adaptation, these obsolete and aging boats are not satisfactory in their new roles due to their low maximum speed, sometime as low as 10 knots, which was not sufficient enough to catch the smugglers’ high speed motorboats. As a result, these boats were subsequently transferred again, this time to reserves, subordinated to naval militia in various Military Maritime Districts in China as training boats and port security / patrol boats within the confines of the harbors. Like the Beihai, Huangpu and Yulin classes, as the new class of port security / patrol boats entering service, the Shantou class is increasingly being converted, mothballed and eventually scraped.

Just like the Beihai, Huangpu and Yulin classes, many of the surviving units are being converted to naval range support boats and target drones and thus reactivated into active service as minor support auxiliaries. It can be either used as a target control boat to remotely control the converted drones, or as a drone itself. When the drone is in operation, the crew departs the boat.

It is interesting to note that most of the range support boats in the People's Liberation Army Navy also shoulder the responsibility of inshore surveying and these converted boats are no exceptions, despite the little scientific instruments they carried. The reason is that originally, majority of the hydrographic surveys were conducted by civilian fishing vessels with the additional scientific equipment, naval and governmental crews onboard. However, since the Chinese economic reform and the depletion of the fishery resources, the civilian fishing vessels must venture much further out into open ocean and staying longer at the sea, thus could no longer afford to stay in the home water and performing the heavy inshore surveying duties previously assigned under the planned economy era in China prior to the Chinese economic reform. Consequently, the People's Liberation Army Navy must come up with their own means to meet such huge demand, and converting former gunboats was one of the answers: although these boats can no longer venture out into open ocean and cruise at their maximum speed like they used to do, they are still quite capable of low speed inshore surveying tasks within the confines of river mouths and bays of Chinese coastlines.

Contrary to the commonly held but erroneous belief that the People's Liberation Army Navy is following the tradition of having weaponry on most of its auxiliaries (though there is certainly some degree of this), the retention of weaponry on these converted boats were mainly to save money: in order to reduce the conversion cost, the original weaponry was retained unless it was absolutely necessary to remove the weapons, thus most of the converted range support and surveying boats still maintained most of their original fighting capability.

[edit] Specifications

• Displacement: 80 t
• Length: 25.1 m
• Beam: 6 m
• Draft: 1.8 m
• Speed: 28 kt
• Range: 750 nm @ 15 kt
• Propulsion: 2 Type 3D12 and 2 M50 diesel engines @ 300 hp and 1,200 hp with 4 shafts
• Complement: 17
• Armament:
  • Guns: 4 Chinese 37mm guns (II x 2), 4 Chinese 14.5 mm heavy machine guns (II x 2) and 1 Chinese 81 mm recoilless gun.
  • ASW: 2 depth charge rails.
• Radar: 1 navigational or surface search radar