Second Council of the Lateran
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| Second Council of the Lateran | |
|---|---|
| Date | 1139 |
| Accepted by | Catholicism |
| Previous council | First Council of the Lateran |
| Next council | Third Council of the Lateran |
| Convoked by | Pope Innocent II |
| Presided by | Pope Innocent II |
| Attendance | 1000 |
| Topics of discussion | schism of Antipope Anacletus II |
| Documents and statements | thirty canons, mostly repeating those of the First Lateran Council, clerical marriage declared invalid, clerical dress regulated, attacks on clerics punished by excommunication |
| Chronological list of Ecumenical councils | |
The Second Lateran, and tenth ecumenical council was held by Pope Innocent II in April 1139, and was attended by close to a thousand clerics.
Its immediate task was to neutralize the after-effects of the schism, which had only been terminated in the previous year by the death of Antipope Anacletus II (d. January 25, 1138). All consecrations received at his hands were declared invalid, his adherents were deposed, and King Roger II of Sicily was excommunicated. Arnold of Brescia, too, was removed from office and banished from Italy. The harshness with which Innocent treated former adherents of Anacletus distressed Bernard of Clairvaux.
The council was significant too for its outlawing the use of crossbows in wars between Christians. This was arguably the first international law against inhumane conduct. The council also issued a ban on clerics studying Roman law. This ban was not successful. Many of the Lateran decrees were restatements of canons issued in councils over which Innocent had presided when away from Rome.
The decrees of the Second Council were the latest materials added to Gratian's Decretum, the fundamental text in the university-level study of canon law.
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
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| Catholic & Orthodox | Nicaea I | Constantinople I | Ephesus | Chalcedon | Constantinople II | Constantinople III | Nicaea II | Constantinople IV |
|---|---|
| Eastern Orthodox | Quinisext Council | Constantinople V | Synod of Jerusalem |
| Catholic | Sutri | Lateran I | Lateran II | Lateran III | Lateran IV | Lyon I | Lyon II | Vienne | Pisa | Constance | Siena | Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence | Lateran V | Trent | Vatican I | Vatican II |
