Scorpaeniformes

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Scorpaeniformes
Scorpaenidae: Broadbarred firefish, Pterois antennata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Scorpaeniformes
Suborders
Anoplopomatoidei Cottoidei Dactylopteroidei Hexagrammoidei Normanichthyiodei Platycephaloidei Scorpaenoidei See text for families

Scorpaeniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, also called the Scleroparei or Dactylopteriformes, closely related to and sometimes included in the Perciformes.

They are known as "mail-cheeked" fishes due to their distinguishing characteristic, the suborbital stay: a backwards extension of the third infraorbital bone (part of the skull, below the eye socket) across the cheek to the preoperculum, to which it is connected in most species.

[edit] Classification

The division of Scorpaeniformes into families is not settled; accounts range from 26 families^[1][2] to 35 families^[3][4].

• Suborder Anoplopomatoidei
  • Anoplopomatidae (sablefish and skilfish)
• Suborder Cottoidei
  • Superfamily Cottoidea
    • Abyssocottidae (deep-water sculpins)
    • Agonidae (poachers)
    • Bathylutichthyidae
    • Comephoridae (Baikal oilfishes)
    • Cottidae (sculpins)
    • Cottocomephoridae (Baikal sculpins)
    • Ereuniidae
    • Hemitripteridae (sea ravens and sailfin sculpins)
    • Icelidae (scaled sculpins)^[5]
    • Psychrolutidae (fatheads)
    • Rhamphocottidae (grunt sculpin)
  • Superfamily Cyclopteroidea
    • Cyclopteridae (lumpsuckers)
    • Liparidae (snailfishes)
• Suborder Dactylopteroidei
  • Dactylopteridae (flying gurnards)
• Suborder Hexagrammoidei
  • Hexagrammidae (greenlings)
• Suborder Normanichthyiodei
  • Normanichthyidae
• Suborder Platycephaloidei
  • Bembridae (deepwater flatheads)
  • Hoplichthyidae (ghost flatheads)
  • Parabembridae^[6]
  • Platycephalidae (flatheads)
• Suborder Scorpaenoidei
  • Apistidae^[7]
  • Aploactinidae (velvetfishes)
  • Caracanthidae (orbicular velvetfishes)
  • Congiopodidae (horsefishes and pigfishes)
  • Eschmeyeridae
  • Gnathanacanthidae (red velvetfish)
  • Neosebastidae^[7]
  • Pataecidae (Australian prowfishes)
  • Peristediidae^[8]
  • Plectrogenidae^[7]
  • Scorpaenidae (scorpionfishes and rockfishes)
  • Sebastidae^[7]
  • Setarchidae^[7]
  • Synanceiidae (stonefishes)
  • Tetrarogidae (waspfishes)^[7]
  • Triglidae (searobins)

[edit] Notes and references

1. ^ Joseph S. Nelson. Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-54713-1. 
2. ^ Scorpaeniformes (TSN 166702). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed on 31 March 2006.
3. ^ William N. Eschmeyer, Carl J. Ferraris, Mysi D. Hoang, Douglas J. Long (1998). Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. ISBN 0-940228-47-5. 
4. ^ "Scorpaeniformes". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. February 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
5. ^ Icelidae is described as a separate family by some sources [1], containing only the genus Icelus. However, this genus which is considered to be a member of Cottidae by most other sources [2]
6. ^ Parabembridae is included in Bembridae in ITIS and Nelson, but split in FishBase and Eschmeyer.
7. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Apistidae, Neosebastidae, Plectrogenidae, Sebastidae, and Setarchidae are included in Scorpaenidae in ITIS and Nelson, but split in FishBase and Eschmeyer.
8. ^ Peristediidae is included in Triglidae in ITIS and Nelson, but split in FishBase and Eschmeyer.