Scold's bridle
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A scold's bridle (also the brank or branks) was a torture device for women, resembling an iron muzzle or cage for the head with an iron curb projecting into the mouth and resting precariously atop the tongue. The curb was frequently studded with spikes so as to cruelly torture the tongue if it dared stir: lying calmly in place, it inflicted a minimum of pain.
It was designed as a mirror punishment for "scolds"—women whose speech was "riotous" or "troublesome"—by preventing them from speaking. However it was also used a corporal punishment for other offences, notably on female workhouse inmates. There are no records of it being used on men. However, a similar punishment, where a cleft stick was placed on the tongue was used on men. Records exist for such a punishment in the town of Boston, Lincolnshire. The scold's bridle did not see much use in the New World.
In Walton on Thames there is a scold's bridle displayed in the vestry of the church, dated 1633, with the inscription 'Chester presents Walton with a bridle, To curb women's tongues that talk too idle.' The story is that one Chester lost a fortune due to a woman's gossip, and presented the town with the instrument of torture out of anger and spite.
The tongue curb could be as gentle as a flat iron plate that passively discouraged tongue movement or as painful as a spike-festooned iron bit that punished it rather more painfully. Other variants are shaped like an animal's head, a donkey for an "ass," a pig for someone who was dirty. Other symbols could be glasses, or a long nose, or a long tongue. These would represent someone who was involved in someone else's business or gossippy.
Modern variants of the scold's bridle designed not to be injurious are used in BDSM play on both genders as a form of gag.
The Scold's Bridle is the title of a novel by Minette Walters, where a scold's bridle is a key element in the plot.
