Saturn IB

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Saturn IB was an uprated version of the Saturn I, which featured a much more powerful second stage, the S-IVB. Unlike the earlier Saturn I, the IB had enough throw weight to launch the Apollo Command/Service Module or Lunar Module into Earth orbit, which made it invaluable for testing the Apollo spacecraft while the larger Saturn V needed to send them to the moon was still being developed. The Saturn IB was later used for manned Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. The final production run (such as Skylab launch vehicles) did not have alternating black and white tanks on the first stage that were hallmarks of the earlier runs.

Saturn IB

The Saturn IB rocket for the AS-202 mission.
Fact sheet
Function	Manned LEO launch vehicle
Manufacturer	Chrysler (S-IB) Douglas (S-IVB)
Country of origin	USA
Size
Height	68 m (224 ft)
Diameter	6.6 m (21.7 ft)
Mass	589,770 kg (1,300,220 lb)
Stages	2
	Capacity
Payload to LEO	15,300 kg (33,700 lb)
Launch History
Status	Retired
Launch Sites	LC-37 & LC-34, Cape Canaveral LC-39, Kennedy Space Center
Total launches	9
Successes	9
Failures	0
Maiden flight	February 26, 1966
Last flight	July 15, 1975
Notable payloads	Manned Apollo CSM
First Stage - S-IB
Engines	8 * H-1
Thrust	6.7 MN (1,500,000 lbf)
Burn time	~150 seconds
Fuel	RP-1/LOX
Second Stage - S-IVB
Engines	1 Rocketdyne J-2
Thrust	890 kN (200,000 lbf)
Burn time	~475 seconds
Fuel	LH2/LOX

Contents 1 Data 1.1 Launch events 2 S-IB stage 3 S-IVB stage 4 All Saturn IB launches 5 Saturn IB vehicles and launches 6 External links

[edit] Data

Parameter	S-IB - 1st Stage	S-IVB - 2nd Stage	Instrument Unit	Apollo Spacecraft
Height (m)	25.5	17.8	1.00	24
Diameter (m)	6.6	6.6	6.6	3.9
Gross mass (kg)	458,107	119,920	1,980	20,788
Empty mass (kg)	45,267	13,311	225	14,098
Engines	Eight - H-1	One - J-2	-	One SPS
Thrust (kN)	7,582	1,020	-	97.86
Isp (s)	288	421	-	314
Isp (kN·s/kg)	2.82	4.13	-	3.08
Burn duration (s)	150	470	-	635
Propellant	LOX/RP-1	LOX/LH2	-	N2O4/UDMH

[edit] Launch events

Launch Event	Time (s)	Altitude (km)	Range (km)
Ignition Command	-3.02	.	.
First Motion	-0.19	.	.
Liftoff	0.00	.	.
Initiate Pitch Maneuver	10.0	.	.
Initiate Roll Maneuver	10.0	.	.
End Roll Maneuver	38.0	.	.
Mach One	62.18	7.63	.
Max Q	75.5	12.16	.
Freeze Tilt	134.40	.	.
Inboard Engine Cutoff	140.65	.	.
Outboard Engine Cutoff	144.32	.	.
Ullage Rockets Ignition	145.37	.	.
S-IB / S-IVB Separation	145.59	.	.
S-IVB Ignition	146.97	.	.
Ullage Rocket Burnout	148.33	.	.
Ullage Rocket Jettison	156.58	.	.
Jettison LES	163.28	.	.
Start Pitch Over	613.95	.	.
S-IVB Cutoff	616.76	.	.
Orbit Insertion	626.76	.	.
Start S/C Sep Sequence	663.11	.	.
Spacecraft Separation	728.31	.	.

[edit] S-IB stage

The S-IB stage is an eight engine booster for Earth orbital missions. It is composed of nine propellant containers, eight fins, a thrust structure assembly, eight H-1 rocket engines, and many other components. The propellant containers consist of eight Redstone tanks (Four holding LOX and four holding RP-1.) clustered around a Jupiter rocket tank, which contains LOX. The four outboard engines can gimbal, meaning they can be steered to properly guide the rocket. This requires a few more engine components.

Specifications:

Height: 83.6 ft (25.5 m)
Diameter: 21.7 ft (6.6 m)
Number of fins: 8
Finspan: 18 ft (5.5 m)
Engines: 8 H-1
Thrust: 1,600,000 lbf (7.1 MN)
Fuel: RP-1 (Refined kerosene) 41,000 US gal (155 m³)
Oxidizer: Liquid oxygen (LOX) 66,000 US gal (250 m³)
Burn time: 2.5 min
Burnout altitude: 42 miles (68 km)

[edit] S-IVB stage

Main article: S-IVB (rocket stage)

The S-IVB stage is identical to the Saturn V rocket third stage except for the interstage adapter. It is powered by a single J-2 engine, which can gimbal. This stage has a "common bulkhead," meaning that one propellant tank is directly connected to the other, as if conjoined twins. This saves about ten tons of weight.

Height: 58.4 ft (17.8 m)
Diameter: 21.7 ft (6.6 m)
Number of fins: 0
Engines: 1 J-2
Thrust: 200,000 lbf (890 kN)
Fuel: Liquid hydrogen (LH2) 64,000 US gal (242 m³)
Oxidizer: Liquid oxygen (LOX) 20,000 US gal (76 m³)
Burn time: approx. 7 min
Burnout altitude (for Saturn IB): orbit

[edit] All Saturn IB launches

[edit] Saturn IB vehicles and launches

Serial Number	Mission	Launch Date	Notes
AS-201	AS-201	February 26, 1966	1st test flight. Sub-orbital Command/Service Module test.
AS-203	AS-203	July 5, 1966	2nd test flight. Test of SIV-B stage. Tracked 4 orbits.
AS-202	AS-202	August 25, 1966	3rd test flight. 2nd Sub-orbital Command/Service Module test.
AS-204	Apollo 5	January 22, 1968	Earth orbit test of Lunar Module. Launched on Apollo 1 rocket. 36 orbits.
AS-205	Apollo 7	October 11, 1968	Earth orbit test. Crew: Schirra, Eisle, Cunningham. 163 orbits. Last launch from Launch Complex 34
AS-206	Skylab 2	May 25, 1973	First Skylab crew: Conrad, Kerwin, Weitz. 404 orbits. First launch from Launch Pad 39B using a Saturn V umbilical tower and a "milkstool" assembly to allow the rocket to be serviced.
AS-207	Skylab 3	July 28, 1973	Second Skylab crew: Bean, Garriott, Lousma. 838 orbits.
AS-208	Skylab 4	November 16, 1973	Third and final Skylab crew: Carr, Gibson, Pogue. 1,214 orbits
AS-209	Skylab Rescue	1973, 1974	Skylab Rescue Mission. Not flown. Currently on display at Kennedy Space Center, with Apollo FVV spacecraft mockup. First stage engines and Apollo FVV service module replaced with fabricated duplicates in 1993-1994 due to severe corrosion.
AS-210	ASTP	July 15, 1975	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, Crew: Stafford, Slayton, Brand. 136 orbits. Last Saturn IB flight.
AS-211	Unused. First stage on display with the S-IVB Battleship Test Stage stacked in a launch ready condition at the Alabama Welcome Center on I-65 in Ardmore, AL. Second stage, the S-IVB, is on display as a Skylab mockup at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville, AL.
AS-212	Unused. Second stage, S-IVB, converted to Skylab space station.
AS-213	Only 1st stage built. Unused
AS-214	Only 1st stage built. Unused

[edit] External links

• http://www.apollosaturn.com/
• http://www.spaceline.org/rocketsum/saturn-Ib.html
• NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, Skylab Saturn IB Flight ManualPDF (20.5 MiB) , 30th September 1972
• Saturn launch vehiclesPDF (30.6 MiB)