Santiago Derqui
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| Term of Office: | March 5, 1860— November 5, 1861 |
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| Predecessor: | Justo José de Urquiza |
| Successor: | Juan E. Pedernera |
| Vice-president: | Juan E. Pedernera |
| Date of Birth: | June 21, 1809 |
| Place of Birth: | Córdoba |
| Date of Death: | November 5, 1867 |
| Place of Death: | Corrientes |
| Profession: | Lawyer |
| Political Party: | Federalist |
Santiago Rafael Luis Manuel José María Derqui Rodríguez (born in Córdoba on June 21, 1809 - November 5, 1867) was president of Argentina from March 5, 1860 to November 5, 1861. He was featured on the 10 Australes note, which is now obsolete.
Derqui studied at the Córdoba National University receiving a degree in law in 1831. At the university he was professor of law, then of philosophy, and finally vice-dean. In 1845 he married Modesta Garcia de Cossio with whom he had three boy and three girls.
He was first assistant and then Minister of the government of Corrientes Province of José María Paz. Justo José de Urquiza named him 'Business administrator' and sent him to Paraguay on a foreign business mission. He became deputy for Córdoba Province. In 1854 Urquiza named him head of the Ministry of Justice, Cult and Public Instruction, were he worked the six years of Urquiza's mandate, pushing forward the still-emerging nation.
After Urquiza's mandate, Derqui assumed as constitutional president. Being from Córdoba and not from Buenos Aires, it was expected that under his rule, the continuous revolts of the provincial governments against the federal one would end.
Derqui accepted the revised national constitution with the changes that would favour Buenos Aires, and named the country República Argentina. This and other unfavoured policies towards the rest of the country set a general discontent in the provinces that led to the Battle of Pavón. Unable to maintain the authority, Derqui resigned and left to Montevideo.
In exile, Bartolomé Mitre helped him to go back to his wife's Corrientes, were he would die few years later.
| Preceded by Justo José de Urquiza |
President of Argentina 1860–1861 |
Succeeded by Juan E. Pedernera |
| Preceded by Felix de la Peña |
Federal Interventor of Córdoba 1861–1861 |
Succeeded by Fernando Félix de Allende |
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