Wikipedia:Romanization of Russian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following system of transliteration of Russian from the Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet is currently endorsed by the Wikipedia naming conventions policy. This naming policy is active, but currently under revision at Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Cyrillic).
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[edit] Use conventional names
When something has a conventional name in English, use that name instead of transliterating. Conventionally-used names may stem from various sources:
- They may be anglicized versions, e.g., Aleksandr→Alexander, Iosif→Joseph, Moskva→Moscow.
- They may be transliterated by a different system, or for another language, e.g., Rossiya→Rossija, Rus→Rus’, Chaykovskiy→Tchaikovsky.
- They may be simplified, more familiar-looking, or easier to pronounce for English-speakers, e.g., Gorbachyov→Gorbachev, Kray→Krai, Khrushchyov→Khruschev, Yuriy→Yuri.
- They may be names borrowed from Russian through another language, e.g., Petergof→Peterhof.
[edit] Modified BGN/PCGN romanization
The following table describes a method to derive romanization of Russian names into the Latin alphabet, suitable for English-speakers.
It is a modification of BGN/PCGN romanization system, with the following exceptions:
- ё becomes yo;
- hard sign (ъ) is omitted;
- soft sign (ь) is omitted, except before a non-iotated vowel (а, э, ы, и, о, у), where it becomes y;
- -ый endings become -y;
- -ий endings in adjectives of Russian origin can optionally be changed from -iy to -y.
[edit] Notes
Abbreviations are usually romanized with capitalization as indicated, e.g., ДШК = DShK.
[edit] Romanization table
| Russian spelling |
English romanization |
Special provision | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| А (а) | A (a) | Аник = Anik Поганкино = Pogankino |
|
| Б (б) | B (b) | Болотин = Bolotin Колбасин = Kolbasin |
|
| В (в) | V (v) | Воронин = Voronin Привалин = Privalin |
|
| Г (г) | G (g) | Галкин = Galkin Луговой = Lugovoy |
|
| Д (д) | D (d) | Дровяное = Drovyanoye Подгорск = Podgorsk |
|
| Е (е) | E (e) | Except in the cases below | Белкин = Belkin |
| Ye (ye) |
|
|
|
| Ё (ё) | Yo (yo) | Ёлкино = Yolkino Озёрск = Ozyorsk |
|
| Ж (ж) | Zh (zh) | Жиров = Zhirov Приволжское = Privolzhskoye |
|
| З (з) | Z (z) | Зорин = Zorin Обозов = Obozov |
|
| И (и) | I (i) | Except in an –ий ending (see below) | Иркутск = Irkutsk Владивосток = Vladivostok |
| Й (й) | Y (y) | Except in –ый and –ий endings (see below) | Йошкар-Ола = Yoshkar-Ola Бийск = Biysk |
| К (к) | K (k) | Киров = Kirov Галкин = Galkin |
|
| Л (л) | L (l) | Лапинск = Lapinsk Комсомольск = Komsomolsk |
|
| М (м) | M (m) | Мичурин = Michurin Колыма = Kolyma |
|
| Н (н) | N (n) | Нальчик = Nalchik Савино = Savino |
|
| О (о) | O (o) | Оха = Okha Грозный = Grozny |
|
| П (п) | P (p) | Петроград = Petrograd Ставрополь = Stavropol |
|
| Р (р) | R (r) | Родниковое = Rodnikovoye Высокогорск = Vysokogorsk |
|
| С (с) | S (s) | Ступино = Stupino Бирск = Birsk |
|
| Т (т) | T (t) | Тавричанка = Tavrichanka Ростов = Rostov |
|
| У (у) | U (u) | Улетайск = Uletaysk Шушенское = Shushenskoye |
|
| Ф (ф) | F (f) | Фёдоровка = Fyodorovka Корфу = Korfu |
|
| Х (х) | Kh (kh) | Хабаровск = Khabarovsk Оха = Okha |
|
| Ц (ц) | Ts (ts) | Царское = Tsarskoye Зарецкий = Zaretsky |
|
| Ч (ч) | Ch (ch) | Черемшаны = Cheremshany Зареченск = Zarechensk |
|
| Ш (ш) | Sh (sh) | Шадрин = Shadrin Моршанск = Morshansk |
|
| Щ (щ) | Shch (shch) | Щукино = Shchukino Рощинский = Roshchinsky |
|
| ъ (твёрдый знак) | Omitted | When followed by a vowel | Подъярский = Podyarsky |
| Ы (ы) | Y (y) | Except in an –ый ending (see below) | Ыттык-Кёль = Yttyk-Kyol Давыдов = Davydov |
| ь (мягкий знак) | Omitted |
|
|
| y | When followed by a non-iotated vowel (а, э, ы, и, о, у) | Ильинский = Ilyinsky | |
| Э (э) | E (e) | Элиста = Elista Тетраэдральный = Tetraedralny |
|
| Ю (ю) | Yu (yu) | Южный = Yuzhny Козючинск = Kozyuchinsk |
|
| Я (я) | Ya (ya) | Ярославль = Yaroslavl Бурянск = Buryansk |
|
| –ый endings | -y | Красный = Krasny | |
| –ий endings | -iy or -y | Синий = Siniy, Siny; Великий = Velikiy, Veliky |
