Romuald, Archbishop of Salerno

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Romuald Guarna (between 1110 and 1120 – 1 April 1181 or 1182) was probably the most eminent of the archbishops of Salerno in the Middle Ages. He held his post from 1153 to his death in 1181.

He was a native of the city, born into the old Lombard nobility. He is remembered primarily for his Chronicon sive Annales, an important historical record of his time. He studied as a youth in the Schola Medica Salernitana, where he studied not only medicine, but history, law, and theology. He was appointed cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata and served Pope Paschal II as a diplomat. Together with Peter, cardinal-bishop of Porto, he mediated between Landulf II, Archbishop of Benevento, and Landulf of Greca, papal constable of Benevento. Romuald was raised to the Salernitan archbishopric after the death of William of Ravenna.

He was a diplomat for the kings William I and William II. He negotiated the Treaty of Benevento of 1156 and signed the Treaty of Venice in 1177. Though he took part in the conspiracy against the Admiral Maio of Bari, he never fell out of favour and even performed the coronation of William II. Despite this, he exaggerates his own importance in his chronicle, which characteristically begins at creation and extends till 1178.

In 1160-1161, he defended the city from the enraged William I, who was avenging the assassination of Maio. With the help of Salernitans at court and their connections to the king's intimates, the city was spared. In 1167, as the highest-ranking prelate in the realm, he crowned William II as king in the Cathedral of Palermo.

In 1179, he intervened in a council condemning the Albigensians.

He was succeeded by Nicholas of Ajello.