Revolt of Horea, Cloşca and Crişan
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The Revolt of Horea, Cloşca and Crişan began in Zarand County, Transylvania on 2 November 1784, but it soon spread all throughout the Apuseni Mountains. Their main demands were related to the feudal serfdom and the lack of political equality between Romanians and other ethnicities of Transylvania.
The leaders were Horea (Vasile Ursu Nicola, born 1731), Cloşca (Ion Oargă, born 1747) and Crişan (Marcu Giurgiu, born 1733).
They fought at Câmpeni, Abrud and Roşia and defeated the Austrian Imperial Army at Brad on 27 November 1784.
The revolt was crushed on 28 February 1785 at Dealul Furcilor (Forks' Hill), Alba-Iulia, and afterwards the leaders were caught. Horea and Cloşca were executed by breaking on the wheel; Crişan hanged himself on the night before the execution.
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