Retinoid X receptor

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retinoid X receptor, alpha
Identifiers
Symbol	RXRA
HUGO	10477
Entrez	6256
OMIM	180245
RefSeq	NM_002957
UniProt	P19793
Other data
Locus	Chr. 9 q34

retinoid X receptor, beta
Identifiers
Symbol	RXRB
HUGO	10478
Entrez	6257
OMIM	180246
RefSeq	NM_021976
UniProt	P28702
Other data
Locus	Chr. 6 p21.3

retinoid X receptor, gamma
Identifiers
Symbol	RXRG
HUGO	10479
Entrez	6258
OMIM	180247
RefSeq	NM_006917
UniProt	P48443
Other data
Locus	Chr. 1 q22-q23

There are three forms of retinoid X receptor (RXR), RXR-alpha, RXR-beta, and RXR-gamma. RXRs are nuclear receptors with activity similar to the steroid receptors such as estrogen or progesterone and other nuclear receptors such as PPAR, LXR and FXR. 9-cis retinoic acid is the natural ligand for RXR and like the steroid receptors, when activated, it dimerizes usually forming heterodimer, translocates to the cell nucleus, and binds to hormone response elements on DNA which elicits expression or transrepression of gene products. The RXRs are also known to act as promiscuous heterodimer partners for the non-classical steroid receptors (classical steroid receptors are androgen, estrogen, glucocorticoid, progesterone and mineralocorticoid).

A ligand is simply a molecule with interacts with a protein, by specifically binding to the protein. RAR’s dimerize usually forming heterodimers, translocate to the cell nucleus, and bind to RAR response elements on DNA.