Republican Party of Turkmenistan
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The Republican Party of Turkmenistan is one of several dissident political parties that have been outlawed within Turkmenistan. Leaders of the exile-based RPT include Nurmuhammed Khanamov, and Annadurdy Khadjiev (also Hadjiev), whose sister Ogulsapar Muradova died in a Turkmen prison in September 2006. The latest opposition party, RPT operates in exile-since all opposition is banned within Turkmenistan, it was forced to form and operate from abroad.
With the death of Saparmurat Niyazov on December 21, 2006, the situation may change, possibly opening for the expansion of multiple parties within the nation.
[edit] Turkmen in exile
There are two major groupings of Turkmen in exile. The first are opposition or dissidents, usually of a democratic bent. The second are exiled Turkmen politicians, often former high-ranking government officials who were incriminated in Niyazov's alleged attempted murder in November 2002, reformists of varying stripes.