Republic of China presidential election, 2000
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The Election for the 10th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China (第十任中華民國總統、副總統選舉), the second ever direct elections for President and Vice President of the Republic of China on Taiwan and the 10th under the 1947 Constitution, were held on March 18, 2000. With a voter turnout of 82.69%, Chen Shui-bian and Annette Lu of the Democratic Progressive Party were elected president and vice president, respectively. This put an end to more than half a century of Kuomintang rule on Taiwan.
| Political affiliation | Candidate | Votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| President | VP | Total votes | Percentage | ||
| Democratic Progressive Party | Chen Shui-bian | Annette Lu | 4,977,737 | 39.3% | |
| Independent | James Soong | Chang Chau-hsiung | 4,664,932 | 36.8 % | |
| Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) | Lien Chan | Vincent Siew | 2,925,513 | 23.1% | |
| Independent | Hsu Hsin-liang | Josephine Chu | 79,429 | 0.63% | |
| New Party | Li Ao | Elmer Fung | 16,782 | 0.13% | |
| Total | 12,786,671 | 82.69% | |||
| Valid votes | 12,664,393 | ||||
| Invalid votes | 122,278 | ||||
[edit] Candidates and platforms
The ruling Kuomintang ran Vice President Lien Chan for President and Premier Vincent Siew for Vice President. Both were career civil servants and Lien, originating from the Taiwanese aristocracy, was seen as aloof and unable to empathize with the common people.
Though more popular and consistently ranked higher in the polls, the outspoken former Taiwan Governor James Soong failed to gain the Kuomintang's nomination. As a result, he announced his candidacy as an independent candidate. The Kuomintang responded by expelling Soong and twenty one of his allies in November 1999. It is a very common belief by KMT supporters that President Lee Teng-hui was secretly supporting Chen Shui-bian, and purposely supported the less popular Lien in order to split the Kuomintang, and this belief was given a great deal of credibility after the 2000 election with Lee defected to the pan-Green coalition. Soong, a mainlander, tried to appeal to the native Taiwanese by nominating pro-independence surgeon Chang Chao-hsiung as his running-mate.
In December 1999, the KMT began to attack Soong's integrity. They sued Soong for theft, alleging that as party Secretary-General, he stole millions of Taiwan dollars in cash intended for the family of the late President Chiang Ching-kuo and hid the money in the Chunghsing Bills Finance Co. Soong defended himself by saying he was acting under Lee's direction, but his story was largely unpersuasive. Initially leading in the polls, Soong lost by just over 300,000 votes, and the financial scandal that tarnished his image as a clean politician likely led to this outcome.
The Democratic Progressive Party ran former Taipei Mayor Chen Shui-bian and Taoyuan County magistrate Annette Lu for vice president. Having lost the 1996 election by a landslide, the DPP in May 1999 moderated it stance by issuing the "Resolution on the Future of Taiwan." The resolution accepted the status quo and promoted the moderate view that Taiwan was already independent, so any formal declaration would not be urgently necessary. Indeed, Chen pledged the Four Noes and One Without during his campaign. The Chen-Lu ticket also promised to be more aggressive in fighting black gold, to provide more funding for social services, and to be more environmentally friendly, such as opposing to nuclear power. The last minute endorsement of Chen Shui-bian by President of the Academia Sinica and Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee is also thought to have played a role in his election.
Former Democratic Progressive Party Chairman Hsu Hsin-liang, who had been expelled from the party he had co-founded, ran as an independent with New Party legislator Josephine Chu as his running mate. As DPP Chairman, Hsu had moderated the platform of the party, promoting reconciliation with the People's Republic of China and the opening of direct links, a move, ironically, not supported by President Lee. During the 2000 campaign, the Hsu-Chu ticket promoted reunification under 'one country, two systems' and opposed a plebiscite on independence.
The New Party nominated independent social commentator Li Ao for president and legislator Elmer Fung for vice president. Li, who supported 'one country, systems', said he took the election as an opportunity to "educate" the people in Taiwan. Both he and his party publicly encouraged people to vote for James Soong to the point of stating during the presidential debates that he was not planing to vote for himself and that people should vote for Soong so that the pro-reunification vote would not be split.
All of the candidates promised to work towards opening the Three Links, a largely popular measure.
Shortly before the election, the leaders of the People's Republic of China attempted to influence the outcome, warning that the PRC would not "sit idly by" if Taiwan moved towards independence and that "independence means war." Following the election, PRC analysts reached the conclusion that the PRC statements had actually been counterproductive and helped Chen to win; consequently, the PRC avoided making such an open attempt to influence the 2004 elections.
[edit] Aftermath
Chen's victory had neither been expected, nor predicted. The split of the pro-Chinese reunification vote between James Soong and Lien Chan, who together polled nearly 60% of the vote (compared to Chen's 39%), played a large role in pro-Taiwan independence Chen's victory. Lee Yuan-tseh's endorsement, Soong Chu-yu's financial scandals, and last minute reactions from the PRC tipped to balance to Chen's favor.
As the results were announced, several thousand protestors, mostly Soong supporters who were angered that their candidate did not receive the KMT nomination and who believed Lee had intentionally tried to sabotage the pro-reunification vote, gathered outside the KMT headquarters in Taipei and demanded Lee Teng-hui resign as Chairman. Lee promised to resign at the party congress in September 2000, but this was not enough. Though the protest was without permit and technically illegal, the government did not break it up and Taipei Mayor Ma Ying-jeou joined the crowd on the first night. The protestors blocked the entrances to the building and kept Lee holed in his office for hours until riot police with water cannon were able to open a path for the motorcade. Protestors also dragged presidential advisor Hsu Li-teh out of his car and beat him. The protests ended in success on March 24 when Lee resigned as KMT Chairman and was replaced by Lien.
On the same day, Soong announced the formation of the People First Party. In the following party congress, Lien Chan was able to achieve Lee's expulsion and began to move the party back towards a reunificationist platform. Lee and his supporters formed the radical pro-independence Taiwan Solidarity Union.
To avoid a repeat of the 2000 split, Lien and Soong agreed to run on a single ticket as president and vice president, respectively, in the 2004 election. The KMT and PFP also cooperated in subsequent executive elections under the Pan-Blue Coalition. This, however, did not prevent Chen from winning re-election.
[edit] External links
- GIO: The Republic of China 2000 Presidential Election
- Wrong way elections table at the Center for Range Voting
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Republic of China presidential elections
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