Race and crime

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As of 2001, the chances of going to prison in percentages for various demographic groups
As of 2001, the chances of going to prison in percentages for various demographic groups

An observed correlation between race and crime has been noted in a number of countries. This has prompted controversy regarding the possible causes and social effects, and regarding which actions should consequently be taken.

Contents

[edit] Statistics

[edit] United States

[edit] Defining "white"

While the Census Bureau has a separate category for white non-Hispanics and Hispanics, the FBI and the Justice Department usually do not.[citation needed] And although by percentage blacks go to prison more than whites, due to the white majority in America there are more white convicts.

[edit] Violent crimes

Statistics show [1] that blacks are convicted of more homicides than "whites".
Statistics show [1] that blacks are convicted of more homicides than "whites".

Blacks are convicted of homicide 7 times more than "whites."[2]

Homicide offenses by race
"White" offenders Black offenders
45.9% 52.1%

Blacks are also convicted of more sex offenses than "whites."[3]

Sex offenders by race
"White" offenders Black offenders
48.1% 48.2%

There have been studies to show that black serial killers occur roughly equal to or greater to the proportion of the black population in the United States, with stats ranging from 13% of serial killers being black to 22%.[4]

[edit] Cities

The most dangerous cities in the United States tend to have a significant amount of blacks.[5]

Rank City White population Black population
1 St. Louis, MO 42.9% 51.2%
2 Detroit, MI 10.5% 81.6%
3 Flint, MI 40% 53.3%
4 Compton, CA 1% 40.3%
5 Camden, NJ 7.1% 53.3%
6 Birmingham, AL 23.5% 73.5%
7 Cleveland, OH 38.8% 51%
8 Oakland, CA 23.5% 35.7%
9 Youngstown, OH 48.9% 43.8%
10 Gary, IN 10.1% 84%

[edit] Europe

[edit] Britain

Whites in Britain are the victims of race attacks more than Asians and Blacks put together. However, the proportion of ethnic minorities reporting being the victim of a racially-motivated crime is higher. In Bradford, 58% of victims were white, 35% were Asian and 9% were black.[6]

Almost twice as many black people are in prison as at university, according to a report by the Commission for Racial Equality.[7]

The black prison population has risen by almost 60% under Labour, according to shock new government figures. [..] New Home Office statistics show numbers of African-Caribbean prisoners has leapt a staggering 58% since 1997, with young black men making up over 90% of all black inmates.[8]

63 percent of mugging victims in London reporting that their attackers were black.[9]

Five years ago, the threat from Jamaican gangsters and black British-born crack dealers could have been dismissed as a local difficulty for a handful of inner-city police forces. But today, as the most authoritative study into the threat reveals, Jamaican organised crime groups have infiltrated almost every part of the country.[10]

In 2005, blacks comprise 19% of those sentenced to prison for robberies, 8% of those sentenced for sexual offences and 23% of those sentenced for drug offences.[11]

Blacks are more likely to plead not guilty than whites, are more likely to be released on parole than white prisoners and black defendants are more likely to be acquitted than white defendants. (Sources: Prison statistics England and Wales 2000 and Ethnic differences in decisions on young offenders dealt with by the CPS, Section 95 Findings No.1 (2000)

Black females are around 16 times more likely to go to prison than white females. (Source: Prison statistics England and Wales 2000)

[edit] Norway

Around 65% of Oslo's rapists are immigrants of non-Western background, although they make up only 19% of the population. 80% of the victims are Norwegian women. [12]

[edit] Other countries

Nations originally established as 'New World' colonies seem to share a common thread - that aboriginal and indigenous peoples have among the highest incarceration rates of their countries' prison populations. And as is the case with African American prisoners, the reasons for such figures continue to be hotly debated.

In Australia, Aborigines have the single highest imprisonment rate of any ethnicity, and make up more than a fifth (20%) of the prison population. [13]  Per 100,000 people, that equates to about 1200-1400 prisoners.

First Nations make up about 2% of Canada's population, but account for 18% of the federal prison population as of 2000. [14] This has largely been attributed to historical factors. Natives in Canada were not allowed to attend public schools until 1967. They were often forcibly removed from their homes and made to attend residential schools, which generally forbade them to speak their own languages and practice their own religions. Abuses at such schools were widespread and have been the subject of many court cases and reconcilation attempts by the churches that ran the schools and the various governments of Canada. These schools were similar to ones in the United States and Australia.

In New Zealand, 50% of the approximately 6,000 inmates identify as Māori and Pacific Islanders about 12%, most of them classified as low or medium security inmates. [15]

[edit] See also


[edit] References

[edit] External links


Human group differences
Race and intelligence | Sex and intelligence
Health and intelligence | Height and intelligence
Race and crime | Sex and crime
Race and health | Race and height
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