Puzzle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Puzzle (disambiguation).

A puzzle is a problem or enigma that challenges ingenuity. Puzzles are often contrived as a form of entertainment, but they can also stem from serious mathematical or logistical problems — in such cases, their successful resolution can be a significant contribution to mathematical research.

Solutions to puzzles may require recognizing patterns and creating a particular order. People with a high inductive reasoning aptitude may be better at solving these puzzles than others. Puzzles based on the process of inquiry and discovery to complete may be solved faster by those with good deduction skills.

1 Contemporary puzzles
2 Types of puzzles
3 Well-known puzzles
4 Etymology
5 Related categories
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

[edit] Contemporary puzzles

A sample of notable puzzle authors includes Sam Loyd, David J. Bodycombe, Will Shortz and Martin Gardner.

There are organizations and events catering puzzle enthusiasts such as the International Puzzle Party, the World Puzzle Championship and the National Puzzlers' League. There are also puzzlehunts like Maze of Games.

The Rubik's Cube and other magic polyhedrons are toys based on puzzles that can be stimulating toys for kids and are a recreational activity for adults. Puzzles can be used to hide or obscure objects. A good example is a puzzle box used to hide jewelry.

Games are often based on a puzzle. For example there are thousands of computer puzzle games and many letter games, word games and mathematical games which require solutions to puzzles as part of the gameplay. One of the most popular puzzle games is Tetris.

[edit] Types of puzzles

The large number of puzzles that have been created can be divided into categories, for example a maze is a type of tour puzzle. Other categories include construction puzzles, stick puzzles, tiling puzzles, transport puzzles, disentanglement puzzles, sliding puzzles, logic puzzles, word puzzles, picture puzzles, jigsaw puzzles, lock puzzles, folding puzzles, and mechanical puzzles.

A meta-puzzle is a puzzle which unites or incorporates elements of other puzzles. It is often found in puzzlehunts.

[edit] Well-known puzzles

Rubik's Cube.

Anagrams
Connect the dots
Crossword
Eight queens puzzle
n-puzzle (a.k.a. Fifteen puzzle)
Jigsaw puzzle
Knight's Tour
Missing square puzzle
Nonograms (a.k.a. Gridders, Paint by numbers, etc.)
Peg solitaire
Puzz-3D

[edit] Etymology

The 1989 edition of the Oxford English Dictionary dates the word puzzle (as a verb) to the end of the 16th century. That first documented use comes from a book called The Voyage of Robert Dudley...to the West Indies, 1594-95, narrated by Capt. Wyatt, by himself, and by Abram Kendall, master (published circa 1595).

A well-known puzzle is Spot the Difference

Their research, based on the "chronology of the words, and still more the consideration of their sense-history, seem[s] to make it clear that the verb came first, and that the noun was its derivative."