Puerto Rican Independence Party
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Puerto Rican Independence Party (Spanish: Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño, PIP) is a Puerto Rican political party that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States. It is one of the three main Political Parties in Puerto Rico, but by far the smallest and most elections are usually only contested by the New Progressive Party and the Popular Democratic Party.
Those who follow the PIP ideology are usually called independentistas, pipiolos, or sometimes just pro-independence activists in the anglosphere .
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[edit] History
The party began as the electoral wing of the Puerto Rican pro-independence movement. It is the largest of the independence parties, and the only one that is on the ballot during elections (other candidates must be added in by hand).
[edit] Foundation
The party was founded in 1946 by Gilberto Concepción de Gracia (deceased in 1968). [1] He felt the independence movement had been "betrayed" by the Partido Popular Democrático, whose ultimate goal had originally been independence.
[edit] 1970s
In 1971, the newly elected PIP governor, Rubén Berríos, then 31, led a protest against the U.S. Navy in Culebra. At that time, he was found guilty of trespassing federal lands and incarcerated for three months at Fox River State Penitentiary (see also: Navy-Culebra protests).
[edit] 1990s
In 1999, PIP leaders, especially Rubén Berríos, became involved in the Navy-Vieques protests started by many citizens of Vieques against the presence of the U.S. military in the island-municipality (see also: Cause of Vieques).
[edit] 2004 Election
During the 2004 elections, the PIP was in serious danger of disappearing, obtaining only 2.4% of the popular vote (According to Puerto Rican electoral laws, a party that receives less that 3% of the vote is considered eradicated). But leader Rubén Berríos announced that, if that happened, party leaders would make sure that it is quickly re-instated. On the other hand María De Lourdes Santiago made history that year by becoming the first female member of the PIP to be elected to the Puerto Rican senate.
[edit] Party logo
The PIP's symbol is a green flag with a white cross; because of this, it is identified as the green party, both with the voting public and in the election ballots.
To the PIP, the green color signifies hope of becoming free, and the white cross, the sacrifice and commitment of the party with democracy.
"Cross" (or "Latin cross") flags are a common design in Scandinavia and other parts of the world, and in theory, the PIP's emblem belongs to this family of flags. The PIP's flag is based on the first national flag ever flown by Puerto Ricans, and the current flag of the municipality of Lares. Lares hosted the first relatively successful attempt of revolutionary insurgency in Puerto Rico, the Grito de Lares, in September 23, 1868. The Lares flag is, on the other hand, similar to that of the Dominican Republic, since the Grito's mastermind, Ramon Emeterio Betances, not only admired the Dominican pro-independence struggle, but was also a descendant of Dominicans himself. The Dominican flag was in turn adopted from a French military standard.
[edit] Controversies
Many among the general public have associated the Independence parties, including the Partido Socialista Puertoriqueno with violent acts of terrorism such as those committed by Los Macheteros. However, the party has never acknowledged links to any attacks, insisting that they want independence through peaceful means, and no proof has ever been found to corroborate these allegations. The PIP has participated in frequent congresses of international non-Marxist socialist parties.
[edit] Quotes
"Our life will always be —devoid of weaknesses, free from surrender, without fear of the powerful— until our soul enters the mystery of eternity, dedicated to democracy; to peace; to the independence of Puerto Rico; to genuine social justice; and the fraternity of all Puerto Ricans. To the struggle and victory!" -Gilberto Concepción de Gracia, (President of the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP) from the PIP's founding day, on October 20, 1946 until his death in 1968).
[edit] Important party leaders
- Rubén Berríos - President, former Senator
- Fernando Martín - Executive President, Senator
- Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
- Juan Dalmau Ramírez - Electoral Commissioner
- María De Lourdes Santiago - Vice-President
- Victor García San Inocencio - Representative
[edit] See also
- Latin American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico’s Independence
- Puerto Rico political parties
- Cause of Vieques
- Maravilla Hill case
- Navy-Culebra protests
- Navy-Vieques protests
- Politics of Puerto Rico
- Socialist International
[edit] References
- Puerto Rican Independence Party (1998). Retrieved January 6, 2004 from http://www.independencia.net/ingles/aboutind.html.
[edit] External link
| Political Parties in Puerto Rico | |
| Major Parties | New Progressive Party | Popular Democratic Party | Puerto Rican Independence Party |
|---|---|
| Minor Parties | Socialist Workers Movement | Socialist Front | Hostosian National Independence Movement |
