Propylene
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Propylene | |
|---|---|
  |
|
| General | |
| Systematic name | Propene |
| Molecular formula | C3H6 |
| SMILES | C=CC |
| Molar mass | 42.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | colourless, odourless gas |
| CAS number | [115-07-1] |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 0.52 g/cm3, liquid, 20 °C |
| Solubility in water | 0.61 g/m3 (? °C) |
| In ethanol, ether | Soluble |
| Melting point | − 185.2 °C (88.0 K) |
| Boiling point | − 47.6 °C (225.5 K) |
| Acidity | 43 (44 in DMSO) |
| Viscosity | 8.34 µPa·s at 16.7 °C |
| Structure | |
| Molecular shape | trigonal planar (at central C) |
| Symmetry group | Cs |
| Dipole moment | 0.366 D (gas) |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Main hazards | Highly flammable, Asphyxiant |
| NFPA 704 |
4
1
1
|
| Flash point | −108 °C |
| R/S statement | R: 12 S: 9-16-33 |
| RTECS number | UC6740000 |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure & properties | n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data | Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Related compounds | |
| Related alkenes | Ethylene Isomers of Butylene |
| Related compounds | Propane, Propyne Allene, 1-Propanol 2-Propanol |
| Related groups | Allyl, Propenyl |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Propylene, also known by its IUPAC name propene, is an organic compound having the chemical formula C3H6. It is the second simplest member of the alkene class of hydrocarbons, ethylene (ethene) being the simplest. At room temperature and pressure, propylene is a gas. It is colorless, odorless (mercaptan, a hydrocarbon with an odor similar to garlic is sometimes added to propylene to make it easily detectable), and highly flammable. It is found in coal gas and can be synthesized by cracking petroleum. Propylene is a major commodity in the petrochemicals industry. The main use of propylene is as a monomer, mostly for the production of polypropylene. Propylene is also used as a fuel gas for various industrial processes. It has a similar calorific value to propane, but a lower mass of combustion products, so it has a higher flame temperature. Propylene also has approximately twice the vapour pressure of propane at room temperature and pressure.
- Inhalation reference exposure level
3,000 micrograms/m3 (2,000 ppb) - Hazard index
Respiratory system - Critical effects: squamous metaplasia (males and females), epithelial hyperplasia (females only), inflammation of the nasal cavity in Fischer 344/N rats (males only)
