Private island

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A private island is a privately owned island. Privately owned islands exist all over the world, and many can be bought. There are many thousands of uninhabited islands in the world with potential for commercial development of tourist resorts or private recreational use. Commercial development of uninhabited islands can bring up ecological concerns, as many have a fragile environment. Some islands can be bought undeveloped, while other include roads and/or houses. Some celebrities like Diana Ross, Tony Curtis and Claudia Schiffer own their own private islands. Many cruise lines own private islands, such as Castaway Cay, which serve as exclusive ports of call for their ships. Others, like Mustique are owned by resort companies which fill them with hotels and leased villas.

There are widely varying politics regarding private islands, for instance islands outside the coast of China cannot be purchased, but only leased from the government with a maximum leasing period of 50 years. Virtually all islands in the world are claimed by the various governments in the world, so the laws of the claiming country would apply and gaining sovereignty would be virtually impossible, but some people still try to set up their own micronations on islands. Since islands can, under international law, only be claimed if they are at least 30 cm above the high tide point, some have even attempted to build soveregn islands, like real-estate millionaire Michael Oliver's attempt at building a libertarian city-state called the Republic of Minerva in the southern Pacific Ocean.

"Private" islands in the United Kingdom and other countries are not legally entirely private - any foreshore is owned by the state, and is hence publicly accessible property, despite what the owners of the land on the island may wish to claim.