Pribnow box

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The Pribnow box (also known as the Pribnow-Schaller box) is the sequence TATAAT of six nucleotides (thymine-adenine-thymine-etc.) that is an essential part of a promoter site on DNA for transcription to occur in prokaryotes. It is located roughly 10 base pairs upstream from the site of initiation of transcription. It is considered a consensus sequence - that is, it is the most common base sequence to appear at such points on the DNA helix; there may be variations in various organisms. Since adenine and thymine pair together with only two hydrogen bonds (as opposed to three as with guanine and cytosine), they are easier to break apart, making them favourable sites for RNA polymerase to latch onto.

[edit] Probability of occurrence of each nucleotide

T	A	T	A	A	T
77%	76%	60%	61%	56%	82%

The Pribnow box or Pribnow-Schaller box is named after David Pribnow and Heinz Schaller.

[edit] In fiction

The term "Pribnow box" is used as a sort of jargon in episode 13 of Neon Genesis Evangelion, in reference to the chamber holding simulation Evangelions for testing purposes.