Pirate radio in France
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An introduction to the subject of Pirate Radio can be found under that heading.
[edit] France (History of Pirate Radio)
In 1955, in order to circumvent the prohibition of commercial broadcasting that had been imposed in France after the Second World War, the French-language Europe n° 1 station was first established in the Saarland, a German state that borders France and Luxembourg. Transmissions were not legally authorised, however, until France's post-war administration of the Saarland ceased and sovereignty was returned to West Germany in 1957; so, during its first two years of operation (1955-1957), under the direction of Louis Merlin, who had defected from Radio Luxembourg, Europe n° 1 was a pirate radio station.
In France, a truly strong pirate radio movement emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s, in two waves.
[edit] First Wave
The first wave was a political movement based mainly within French territory. Most of these stations were short-lived. The first wave included
- Radio Verte
- Radio Ivre
- Radio Active in Lyon 1976,
- Radio Lorraine Coeur d'Acier in Nancy 1978,
This led to the creation of Radio Riposte by the Parti Socialiste (Socialist Party of France) in 1979 and the arrest of François Mitterrand and Laurent Fabius. Some of these stations persisted until 1981 when they became legal radios libres (free radio stations).
[edit] Second Wave
The second wave was a more commercial movement largely coming out of the French Riviera following the legalization by a Supreme Court decision of private radio stations in Italy. Several stations began emitting in French from Italy. While these stations were legal in Italy, the French considered them illegal. These stations include:
- Azur 102 (1977-1984),
- Radio Continental (1977-1979) broadcasting from Bordighera,
- Radio Vintimille Internationale (1977-1981) broadcasting from Ventimiglia,
- Radio K (1981-1982), late and more political, broadcasting from Bussana di Sanremo.
All these stations went bankrupt after the election of François Mitterrand and the legalization of private radio stations in France.
