Pierre Cochereau

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Pierre Eugène Charles Cochereau (July 9, 1924–March 5, 1984), was a French organist, improviser, composer, and pedagogue.

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[edit] Biography

Pierre Cochereau was born in 1924 in Saint-Mandé, near Paris. In 1929, after a few months of violin instruction, Pierre Cochereau began to take piano lessons with Marius-François Gaillard. Marguerite Long became his piano teacher in 1933, and three years later, Paul Pannesay. In 1938, Cochereau was introduced to the organ by Marie-Louise Girod, a student of Marcel Dupré. He continued his organ studies with André Fleury and Paul Delafosse, whom Pierre Cochereau succeeded as titular organist at St. Roch in Paris in 1942.

After one year of law studies, Cochereau decided to dedicate himself to a musical career, and entered the Conservatory of Paris in 1943. He left the Conservatory in 1949 with first prizes in harmony (class of Maurice Duruflé), music history, fugue and counterpoint (class of Noël Gallon), composition (class of Tony Aubin), and organ (class of Marcel Dupré).

In September 1948, Cochereau made his first recital tour to Hungary. One year later, he married Nicole Lacroix, a pianist and composer, with whom he had two children: Jean-Marc, conductor and presently director of the Orléans Conservatory, and Marie-Pierre, a professional harpist.

In 1949, at age 26, Pierre Cochereau was appointed director of the Le Mans Conservatory, where he stayed until 1956. In 1955, he succeeded Léonce de Saint-Martin (1886-1954) as titular organist at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris.

In 1956, his recording of Marcel Dupré's Symphonie-Passion opus 23 was awarded the Grand Prix du Disque. The same year, Cochereau made his first of 25 recital tours to the United States.

In 1961, Cochereau became director of the Nice Conservatory, which he left in 1979, accepting the directorship of the Lyon Conservatory.

Pierre Cochereau died during the night of March 5, 1984, in Lyon, suffering from a cerebral hemorrage. He was buried at the Cimetière Belleville in Paris.

Pierre Cochereau had a worldwide reputation as a concert organist and especially as a brilliant improviser. In his improvisations, Cochereau had created a musical language that was eminently personal, recognizable as of the opening notes. Stylistic influences regarding counterpoint, formal structure, and harmonic language, included composers such as Marcel Dupré, Maurice Duruflé, Noël Gallon, Olivier Messiaen, and Florent Schmitt.

André Fleury, who was one of Cochereau's first organ teachers, reported, "He already showed great gifts, perhaps a bit overly attracted, in the study of improvisation, by the search for the pretty harmony, rather than the strict exercise of contrapuntal discipline." Many years later, Fleury said, "As one day we were en tête à tête, I asked him if he worked on improvsation. 'Never,' he replied. 'What I do at Notre-Dame and in concert serves as practice.' Such gifts, when one thinks of his harmonic language, so subtly refined, and what force of concentration to give a form to all those riches!" In regard to Cochereau's formidable improvisational skills, Marcel Dupré said about his former student, "Pierre Cochereau is a phenomenon without equal in the history of the contemporary organ."

As a composer, Cochereau left several organ works, chamber music, and choir compositions. Many of Cochereau's organ improvisations were transcribed and published by George C. Baker, Frédéric Blanc, David Briggs, Jean-Marc Cochereau, Jeremy Filsell, Jeanne Joulain, François Lombard, and John Scott Whiteley.

[edit] Compositions

[edit] Organ Solo

  • Symphonie (1950-55)
    • 1. Adagio et Allegro
    • 2. Adagio
    • 3. Scherzando
    • 4. Allegro
  • Trois Variations sur un thème chromatique (1963)
  • Micro-Sonate en Trio opus 11 (1969; to the memory of Jeanne Demessieux)
  • Variations sur "Ma jeunesse a une fin" opus 16 (1972)

[edit] Organ with Other Instruments

  • Concerto for organ and orchestra in C# major (1951)
  • Boléro sur un thème de Charles Raquet for organ and percussion (Transcription by Jean-Marc Cochereau, 1973)

[edit] Works for Choir

  • Paraphrase de la Dédicace for choir, two organs, two brass ensembles, and six tympani (1963)
  • Hymne

[edit] Chamber Music

  • Songs
  • Piano Quintet

[edit] Bibliography

  • Yvette Carbou (ed.): Pierre Cochereau: Témoignages. Éditions Zurfluh, Bourg-la-Reine, France 1999, ISBN 2-87750-087-X
  • Brigitte de Leersnyder (ed.): Pierre Cochereau (1924-1984). In: L'Orgue: Cahiers et memoirs. Numéro Spéciale de la revue trimestrielle L'Orgue 1989. Association des Amis de l'Orgue, ISSN 0030-5170
  • François Sabatier. "Pierre Cochereau", in Guide de la musique d’orgue, edited by Gilles Cantagrel. Paris: Fayard, 1991: 274-276.

[edit] External links

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