Phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate
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Phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes, it is however an important second messenger. The generation of PtdIns(3,4)P2 at the plasma membrane activates a number of important cell signalling pathways.
PtdIns(3,4)P2 is dephophosphorylated by the phosphatase, PTEN on the 3 position of the inositol ring and by the TPTE (transmembrane phosphatases with tensin homology) family of phosphatases on the 4 position of the inositol ring.
The PH domain in a number of proteins binds to PtdIns(3,4)P2 including the PH domain in PKB. The generation of PtdIns(3,4)P2 at the plasma membrane upon the activation of class I PI 3-kinases and SHIP phosphatases causes these proteins translocate to the plasma membrane and accordingly effects their activity.
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Glycerophospholipids/Phosphoglycerides: Phosphatidylethanolamine - Phosphatidylcholine - Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine - Cardiolipin - Phosphatidylserine - Ether lipids (Plasmalogen, Platelet-activating factor)
Phosphatidylinositol - Glycophosphatidylinositol - Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate - Phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate - Phosphatidylinositol (3,5)-bisphosphate - Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate - Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate
