Philippine midterm election
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Midterm elections are elections in the Philippines in which members of Congress, provincial government, city government, municipal government officials are elected, but not the President, and Vice President.
On the second Monday in May every three years from 1992, elections are held for all 200+ members of the House of Representatives and 12 of the 24 members of the Senate. However, presidential elections occur only every six years. Those elections that do not coincide with Presidential races are called midterm elections, because they occur about midway through a Presidential term.
The Congress or Kongreso has two chambers. The House of Representatives or Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan has currently 200+ seats elected for three-year terms, of which 80% of all seats are contested in single seat constituencies and, 20% are allotted to party-lists according to proportional representation, which are only accessible to marginalized and under-represented groups and parties. The Philippine constitution prohibits the House of Representatives to have more than 250 members. The Senate or Senado has 24 members who are elected for six-year terms at-large and do not represent any geographical district. Half of the Senate is renewed every three years.
The Philippines has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. The Commission on Elections is responsible for running the elections.
The following elections fall midway through a Presidential term:
| President | Vice President/Prime Minister | Election |
|---|---|---|
| Gloria Macapagal Arroyo | Noli de Castro | Philippine general election, 2007 |
| Gloria Macapagal Arroyo¹ | Teofisto Guingona¹ | Philippine general election, 2001¹ |
| Fidel Ramos | Joseph Estrada | Philippine general election, 1995 |
| Corazon Aquino | Salvador Laurel | Philippine legislative election, 1987 |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Cesar Virata | Philippine parliamentary election, 1984 |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Ferdinand Marcos | Philippine parliamentary election, 1978 |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Fernando Lopez | Philippine general election, 1971 |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Fernando Lopez | Philippine general election, 1967 |
| Diosdado Macapagal | Emmanuel Pelaez | Philippine general election, 1963 |
| Carlos P. Garcia | Diosdado Macapagal | Philippine general election, 1959 |
| Ramon Magsaysay | Carlos P. Garcia | Philippine general election, 1955 |
| Elpidio Quirino | Fernando Lopez | Philippine general election, 1951 |
| Manuel Roxas | Elpidio Quirino | Philippine general election, 1947 |
| Manuel L. Quezon | Sergio Osmeña | Philippine general election, 1941 |
| Manuel L. Quezon | Sergio Osmeña | Philippine National Assembly election, 1940 |
| Manuel L. Quezon | Sergio Osmeña | Philippine National Assembly election, 1938 |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | Mariano Trias | Philippine Supreme Council elections, 1897 |
¹ -Arroyo served the unexpired term of Estrada while Guingona was appointed by Arroyo with approval of Philippine Congress to serve the unexpired term of Arroyo. Gringo Honasan fall under the 13th position in Senate race and used the 3-year unexpired term of Guingona.
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Philippine general elections
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