Peoria, Illinois

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Coordinates: 40°43′15″N, 89°36′34″W

City of Peoria
City
Peoria City Hall
Peoria City Hall
Unofficial Flag
Motto: See how it plays in Peoria
Country United States
State Illinois
County Peoria
Area 46.6 mi² (120.7 km²)
 - land 44.4 mi² (115 km²)
 - water 2.2 mi² (5.7 km²)
Center
 - coordinates 40°43′15″N, 89°36′34″W
 - elevation 659 ft (200.9 m)
Population 112,936 (2000)
Density 2,543.4 /mi² (982 /km²)
Government type Council-Manager
Settled 1680
 -  Incorporated, Town 1835
 -  Incorporated, City 1845
Mayor Jim Ardis
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 - summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
Zip codes 61602–61606, 61614, 61615
Area code 309
Location of Peoria within Illinois
Location of Peoria within Illinois
Location of Illinois in the United States
Location of Illinois in the United States
Website : http://www.ci.peoria.il.us

Peoria, Illinois is the largest city on the Illinois River and the county seat of Peoria County,GR6 Illinois, in the United States. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 112,936. The Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 369,161 in 2005.[1]

Peoria has become famous as a representation of the average American city because of its demographics and its perceived mainstream Midwestern culture. On the Vaudeville circuit, it was said that if an act would succeed in Peoria, it would work anywhere. The question "Will it play in Peoria?" has now become a metaphor for whether something appeals to the American mainstream public, and Peoria is often used as a test market for new products, services, and public policy polling.[citation needed]

Contents

[edit] History

Main article: History of Peoria, Illinois

[edit] Geography

Peoria is located at 40°43′15″N, 89°36′34″W (40.720737, -89.609421).GR1

[edit] Topography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 120.8 km² (46.6 mi²). Land comprises 115.0 km² (44.4 mi²) of the area, and 5.8 km² (2.2 mi²) (4.78%) is water.

Peoria is bounded on the east by the Illinois River except for the enclave of Peoria Heights, which also borders the river. Four bridges run directly between the city and neighboring East Peoria. On the south end of Peoria's western border are Bartonville and the newly established city of West Peoria. Local municipal plans indicate that the city intends to continue its expansion northwest, into an area unofficially considered part of Dunlap, Illinois.[citation needed]

[edit] Climate

Monthly Normal and Record High and Low Temperatures
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rec High °F 70 72 86 92 93 105 104 103 100 90 81 71
Norm High °F 30.7 36.6 49.4 62 73 82.2 85.7 83.6 76.7 64.4 48.8 35.5
Norm Low °F 14.3 19.7 30.2 40.3 50.8 60.1 64.6 62.6 54 42.3 31.4 20.1
Rec Low °F -25 -19 -10 14 25 39 47 41 26 19 -2 -23
Precip (in) 1.5 1.67 2.83 3.56 4.17 3.84 4.02 3.16 3.12 2.77 2.99 2.4
Source: USTravelWeather.com [1]

[edit] Cityscape

[edit] Culture

The city of Peoria is home to a federal courthouse, the Peoria Civic Center (which includes Carver Arena), and the world headquarters for Caterpillar Inc. Medicine has become a major part of Peoria's economy. The USDA's National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, formerly called the USDA Northern Regional Research Lab, is where mass production of penicillin was developed.[citation needed]

Peoria's downtown area includes corporate, governmental, convention, educational, and medical facilities. It also boasts the Peoria Civic Center, Apollo Theatre, O'Brien Field and the arts, dining, and entertainment area near the riverfront. Downtown also maintains a permanent population living in high rise condominiums, riverfront lofts, and converted office/warehouse condominiums and apartments.[citation needed]

Grand View Drive, which Teddy Roosevelt is said to have called the "world's most beautiful drive" during a 1910 visit[citation needed], runs through Peoria and Peoria Heights. In addition to Grand View Drive, the Peoria Park District boasts 9,000 acres (36 km²) of parks, including Glen Oak Zoo and five public golf courses. There are also several private and semi-private golf courses. The Peoria Park District was the 2001 Winner of the National Gold Medal Award for Excellence in Parks and Recreation for Class II Parks.[citation needed]

Museums in Peoria include the Lakeview Museum for the Arts and Sciences and the Wheels o' Time Museum. A new Museum Square, under construction downtown, will house a new regional museum, a planetarium, and the Caterpillar World Visitors Center.[citation needed]

The Steamboat Classic, held every summer, is the world's largest four-mile running race and draws international runners.[citation needed]

Peoria's sister cities include Friedrichshafen, Germany; Benxi, China; and Clonmel, Ireland. Peoria has also recently adopted Biloxi, Mississippi, as a sister city to aid in its recovery from the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[citation needed]

[edit] Performing arts

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Madison Theatre
Madison Theatre

The Peoria Symphony Orchestra is the 10th oldest in the nation. Peoria is also home to Opera Illinois, the Peoria Municipal Band, the Peoria Area Civic Chorale, the Central Illinois Youth Symphony, and two ballet companies: Peoria Ballet and Illinois Ballet. Several community and professional theatres have their home in and around Peoria, including the Peoria Players, which is the fourth-oldest community theater in the nation and the oldest in Illinois.[citation needed]

The Contemporary Art Center of Peoria, and the Peoria Art Guild and Galleries, host of the Annual Art Fair that is rated as one of the best professional art fairs in the nation[citation needed], are in Peoria.

Comedy clubs, and several venues for a variety of traveling shows and concerts including Broadway touring companies, are located around Peoria.[citation needed]

Peoria is also embarking on major renovations and expansion to Glen Oak Zoo. This will triple the size of the zoo and will have a major African safari exhibit. The zoo begins this renovation in the fall of 2006 and will be renamed Peoria Zoo and Gardens. In addition, The Peoria Playhouse - An Interactive Children's Museum, spearheaded by the Junior League of Peoria - is planned in conjunction with the zoo expansion and further enhancements to Glen Oak Park campus.[citation needed]

[edit] Tourism

[edit] Registered historic places

Pere Marquette Hotel
Pere Marquette Hotel
  • Central National Bank Building (Peoria)
  • Cumberland Presbyterian Church (Peoria)
  • Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall
  • Grand View Drive
  • John C. Proctor Recreation Center
  • Judge Flanagan Residence
  • Judge Jacob Gale House
  • Madison Theatre
  • North Side Historic District
  • Peace and Harvest
  • Peoria City Hall
  • Peoria Cordage Company
  • Peoria Mineral Springs
  • Peoria Waterworks
  • Pere Marquette Hotel
  • Pettingill-Morron House
  • Rock Island Depot and Freight House
  • Springdale Cemetery
  • West Bluff Historic District

[edit] Sports

Peoria is home to the AHL Peoria Rivermen and Class A Minor League Baseball team Peoria Chiefs. The Peoria Chiefs play at the new O'Brien Field stadium near downtown Peoria. The community also enjoys collegiate basketball with the Bradley University Braves.[citation needed]

In 1946, the Peoria Redwings were created as part of the All-American Girls Baseball League (which was officially the American Girls Baseball League after 1950). The Redwings were the 9th team of 12 to enter the league, and were in the league for 6 out of the 12 years of the league's existence. The Redwings folded after the 1951 season, and the league disbanded in 1954.[2]

[edit] Media

[edit] FM Radio

[edit] AM Radio

[edit] Analog Television

[edit] Digital Television (DTV)

  • 28 WYZZ-DT (43.1 - High Definition) "Fox 43", Fox
  • 30 WMBD-DT (31.1 - High Definition) "Newschannel 31", CBS
  • 39 WAOE-DT (39.1 - Standard Definition) "My59", MyNetworkTV
  • 40 WHOI-DT (19.1 - High Definition), ABC
  • 40 WHOI-DT (19.2 - Standard Definition), The CW Television Network
  • 46 WTVP-DT (47.1 - Standard Definition), PBS
  • 46 WTVP-DT (47.2 - High Definition), PBS HD
  • 46 WTVP-DT (47.3 - Standard Defnition), Create
  • 56 WEEK-DT (25.1 - High Definition) "News 25", NBC
  • 56 WEEK-DT (25.2 - Standard Definition), NBC Weather Plus

[edit] Print

  • Peoria Journal Star - daily newspaper
  • Peoria Times-Observer - weekly newspaper
  • Numero, monthly entertainment guide
  • Peoria Magazines - includes Peoria Progress Plays, Art & Society, InterBusiness Issues, and the Peoria Woman.

[edit] Civic Center

Civic Center
Civic Center
Main article: Peoria Civic Center

The Peoria Civic Center is also in the process of a $55 million revitalization and expansion to its facilities based on demand for larger conventions and entertainment venues. The original complex, which includes an arena, convention center, and theater, and was completed in the early 1980s, was designed by the famed late architect Philip Johnson. The three structures are connected via an enclosed glass panel arcade for all-weather protection and aesthetics.[citation needed]

[edit] Renaissance Park

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It may contain information of a speculative nature and the content may change dramatically as the construction and/or completion of the infrastructure approaches, and more information becomes available on it.		 Infrastructure stub mini pictogram.png

Renaissance Park is a research park originally established in May 2003 as the Peoria Medical and Technology District. It consists of nine residential neighborhoods, Bradley University, the medical district, Caterpillar world headquarters, and the National Center for Agricultural Research. Over $1B in research is conducted in Peoria annually.[citation needed]

[edit] Museum Square

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It is likely to contain information of a speculative nature, and the content may change as building construction begins and new information becomes available.		 Hard hat

Slated for completion in 2009, the $100+ million Museum Square is a new 6.8-acre development in downtown Peoria along the Illinois River. Planned and designed by architecture firm Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Architects, the Square will house two separate facilities - the Peoria Riverfront Museum - The Center of Art, History, Science & Achievement and the Caterpillar Visitor Center. The 110,000-square-foot museum will feature hands-on and interactive displays, a planetarium and Imaginarium, innovative galleries and ever-changing, regionally focused exhibits on the arts, sciences, history, and nature. It will highlight the region's creativity, innovations, and worldwide impact - past, present and future. Caterpillar, an international company, will maintain the 50,000-square-foot Caterpillar Visitor Center, which will showcase the history of the company.[citation needed]

[edit] Economy

[edit] Well-known Peoria Businesses

[edit] Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
1840 1,467
–
1850 5,095 247.3%
1860 14,045 175.7%
1870 22,849 62.7%
1880 29,259 28.1%
1890 41,024 40.2%
1900 56,100 36.7%
1910 66,950 19.3%
1920 76,121 13.7%
1930 104,969 37.9%
1940 105,087 0.1%
1950 111,856 6.4%
1960 103,162 -7.8%
1970 126,963 23.1%
1980 124,160 -2.2%
1990 113,504 -8.6%
2000 112,936 -0.5%
Decennial US Census

As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 112,936 people, 45,199 households, and 27,345 families residing in the city. The population density was 982.1/km² (2,543.4/mi²). There were 49,125 housing units at an average density of 427.2/km² (1,106.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.29% White, 24.79% African American, 0.20% Native American, 2.33% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.20% from other races, and 2.16% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.51% of the population.

There were 45,199 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.5% were non-families. Individuals made up 33.2% of all households, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the city the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,397. The per capita income for the city was $20,512. Some 18.8% of the population was below the poverty line.

A special census was conducted in 2004 that noted an increase of 5,200 in the city's population, mainly in the northwest corridor.[citation needed] The metropolitan area has a population of 370,000, which includes parts of Peoria, Tazewell, Woodford, Stark and Marshall counties. Suburbs and towns in this area include Bartonville, Bellevue, Creve Coeur, Dunlap, East Peoria, Germantown Hills, Marquette Heights, Metamora, Morton, North Pekin, Pekin, Peoria Heights, Tremont, Washington, and West Peoria.[citation needed]

[edit] Law and government

Main article: Government of Peoria, Illinois
See also: List of Peoria city departments, Sister cities of Peoria, and List of mayors of Peoria, Illinois

[edit] Township of the City of Peoria

Outline of the Township of the City of Peoria in Peoria County
Outline of the Township of the City of Peoria in Peoria County

The Township of the City of Peoria (sometimes called City of Peoria Township) is a separate government from the City of Peoria, and performs the functions of civil township government in most of the city. The border of the township matched the Peoria city limits until 1991[citation needed], when it was frozen at its current state; the City of Peoria itself has continued expanding outside of the City of Peoria Township borders into Medina and Radnor Townships. In the years before the freeze, the the Township of the City of Peoria had grown to take up most of the former area of Richwoods and what is now West Peoria Township.

[edit] Education

The Dingeldine Music Center at Bradley University
The Dingeldine Music Center at Bradley University

Peoria is served by two public K-12 school districts:

  • Peoria Public Schools District 150 is the larger and serves the majority of the city. District 150 schools include dozens of primary and middle schools, as well as Richwoods High School, Woodruff High School, Manual High School, and Peoria High School (Central), the oldest high school in Illinois.[dubious — see talk page]
  • Dunlap Community Unit School District 323 ([2]) serves the far north and northwest parts of Peoria that were mainly outside the city before the 1990s. District 323 is one of the fastest-growing school districts in Central Illinois, and its excellent reputation is one of the main reasons for Peoria's growth to the northwest.

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria currently runs six schools in the city: five grade schools and Peoria Notre Dame High School. Non-denominational Peoria Christian School operates a grade school, middle school, and high school. In addition, Concordia Lutheran School, Peoria Academy, Christ Lutheran School, and several smaller private schools exist.[citation needed]

Bradley University, Midstate College, the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, the Downtown and North campuses of Illinois Central College, and the Peoria campus of Robert Morris College are based in the city. According to the Princeton Review, Bradley University ranks in the Top 25 entrepreneurial campuses out of 357 schools and universities.[citation needed]

[edit] Awards

  • Peoria has been awarded the All-America City Award three times (1953, 1966, and 1989).[citation needed]
  • According to Forbes, the Peoria area is ranked the most affordable U.S. metropolitan area to live in out of the nation's 150 largest metro areas. Forbes also recently ranked Peoria #67 out of the largest 200 metropolitan areas in its annual "Best Places for Business and Careers." Peoria was evaluated on the cost of doing business, cost of living, entertainment opportunities, and income growth.[citation needed]
  • The most recent Sperling and Sanders Best Places to Live Rankings among 400 metropolitan areas placed Peoria #51, citing "low cost of living, low cost of housing, and attractive residential areas" as the main pros to the area.[citation needed]
  • Inc. Magazine placed Peoria #67 on its Best Places to Live out of 393 populations centers. It also ranked Peoria 33 out of 274 population centers on its Most Balanced Economy and Growth List.[citation needed]
  • Peoria was ranked a 4 Star Logistics City by Expansion Management Magazine.[citation needed]

[edit] Other notable buildings

  • Chase Bank Building - known for most of Peoria history as as Block and Kuhl; later Carson Pirie Scott & Co.
  • Civic Center Plaza, formerly the Jefferson Building
  • First National Bank of Peoria Building, originally Alliance Life Building
  • Peoria County Courthouse

[edit] Infrastructure

[edit] Health and Medicine

The health-care industry accounts for at least 25% of the Peoria's economy. The city has three major hospitals: OSF St. Francis Medical Center, Methodist Medical Center of Illinois, Proctor Hospital. In addition, the Midwest Affiliate of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the Children's Hospital of Illinois, and the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria are located in the city. The hospitals are all located in a medical district around the junction of Interstate 74 and Knoxville Avenue, adjacent to downtown in the southeast of the city, except for Proctor Hospital in the geographic center of the city. Methodist Medical Center has recently announced a $300 million expansion and modernization of its current center. This "medical district", which will be economically important to the Peoria area's future growth, serves much of central Illinois from Chicago to Saint Louis, including the Bloomington-Normal, Champaign-Urbana, Danville, and Springfield-Decatur-Lincoln metropolitan areas.[citation needed] The surrounding towns are also supported by Proctor Hospital, Pekin Hospital, and Eureka Hospital.

[edit] OSF St. Francis Medical Center

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St. Francis construction
St. Francis construction

OSF St. Francis Medical Center is ranked as the ninth-largest Catholic hospital in the nation and is the largest hospital in Illinois outside the Chicago or St. Louis area. It is the central Illinois area's trauma center and the largest regional hospital in downstate Illinois.[citation needed]

In 2006, a $245 million expansion and renovation project was announced for its Peoria campus. When completed, the renovation will provide a new physician's office complex for the OSF Medical Group, larger and separate entrance into a new Children's Hospital of Illinois building, new adult and pediatric emergency and trauma facilities, and house more adult and children's facilities. This is forecast to create 850 construction jobs and 1,000 additional permanent health care related jobs.[citation needed]

[edit] Transportation

See also: Bridges in Peoria, Illinois and Peoria-to-Chicago Highway

[edit] Interstate and U.S. Routes

The Peoria area is served by two Interstate highways: Interstate 74, which runs from northwest to southeast through the downtown area, and Interstate 474, a southern bypass of I-74 through portions of Peoria and the suburbs of Bartonville and Creve Coeur. I-74 crosses over the Illinois River via the Murray Baker Bridge, while I-474 crosses via the Shade-Lohman Bridge. The nearest metropolitan centers accessible on I-74 are Galesburg to the west, and Bloomington-Normal to the east.[citation needed]

From 2004 to 2006, Interstate 74 between Interstate 474 on the west and Illinois Route 8 on the east was reconstructed as part of the Upgrade 74 project.

In addition, U.S. Route 24 runs along the bank of the Peoria side of the Illinois River, becoming a major arterial downtown as part of Adams Street and Jefferson Avenue, and then continuing southwest towards Bartonville as Washington Street, which turns into Adams Street on the south end of Peoria. U.S. Route 150 serves as the main arterial for the northern portion of the Peoria area, becoming War Memorial Drive before heading west towards Kickapoo. Both of these routes enter from the McCluggage Bridge; east of the bridge, U.S. 150 runs southeast to Morton, while U.S. 24 runs due east to Washington.[citation needed]

[edit] State Routes

The following state routes run through Peoria:

  • Illinois Route 6 runs along the northwestern portion of the city as an extension of I-474. It is a four-lane freeway that runs from the I-74/474 intersection northeast to Illinois Route 29 south of Chillicothe. It is marked as a north-south road.
  • Illinois Route 8 roughly parallels I-74 to the south. It enters Peoria from Farmington and runs southeast through the city, passing just southwest of the downtown area. Illinois 8 crosses into East Peoria via the Cedar Street Bridge with Illinois Routes 29 and 116. Illinois 8 is marked as an east-west road.
  • Illinois Route 29 runs with U.S. 24 through Peoria along the Illinois River from Chillicothe through downtown Peoria. It then joins Illinois 8 and 116 across the Cedar Street Bridge. Illinois 29 is marked as a north-south road, and is called Galena Road north of U.S. 150.
  • Illinois Route 40 enters Peoria from the north as Knoxville Avenue. It runs south through the center of the city and exits southeast over the Bob Michel Bridge. Illinois 40 is marked as a north-south road.
  • Illinois Route 91 briefly enters Peoria at the intersection with U.S. 150 in the far northwestern portion of the city. Traffic on Illinois 91 mainly accesses the Grand Prairie Mall, or continues to Dunlap.
  • Illinois Route 116 enters from the west at Bellevue. It runs directly east and crosses into East Peoria over the Cedar Street Bridge.

The planned Illinois Route 336 project will also connect Illinois 336 with I-474 between Illinois 8 and Illinois 116. Construction on the segment nearest Peoria has not started, nor has funding been allocated.

[edit] Rail transportation

Metro Peoria is served by ten common carrier railroads. Four are Class 1's: BNSF, Canadian National, Norfolk Southern and Union Pacific. The last one, Union Pacific, has a north-south oriented line which skirts the west edge of the city but a line branches off of it to enter Peoria. One Class II/Regional, Iowa Interstate, serves the city, coming out of Bureau Junction. Five Class III/Shortline railroads: Central Illinois Railroad (which operates a portion of the City-owned Peoria, Peoria Heights and Western Railroad), two Genesee & Wyoming-owned operations, Illinois & Midland Railroad (the former Chicago and Illinois Midland, comes up from Springfield) and Tazewell and Peoria Railroad (leases the Peoria and Pekin Union Railway from its owners - Canadian National, Norfolk Southern and Union Pacific), Pioneer Railcorp's Keokuk Junction Railway (which now owns the Toledo, Peoria and Western's West End from Lomax and La Harpe in Western Illinois, plus the branch from Keokuk) and finally, RailAmerica's Toledo, Peoria and Western Railway, which uses BNSF trackage to reach Galesburg and its own line to reach Logansport, Indiana.[citation needed]

[edit] Aviation

The Greater Peoria Regional Airport serves Peoria and surrounding communities. The airport is served by 5 passenger airlines (United, American, Delta, Northwest and Allegiant Air) and numerous cargo carriers. Nonstop destinations include, Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Las Vegas, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Tampa. Cargo carriers serving Peoria include FedEx, UPS and Airborne. Numerous general aviation airports are located in the tri-county region.[citation needed]

[edit] Famous connections to Peoria

[edit] People born or raised in Peoria

[edit] Other famous Peorians

General John Shalikashvili
General John Shalikashvili

[edit] Famous events

[edit] See also

[edit] Points of interest

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ US Census Bureau population estimates for Metropolitan Statistical Areas
  2. ^ All-American Girls Professional Baseball League records. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  3. ^ Contract Air Mail Route No.2: Chicago - Peoria - Springfield - St. Louis. Includes images of Peoria-addressed and Peoria-postmarked postcards. Retrieved 2007-01-13.

[edit] External links


Flag of Illinois Municipalities and Communities of Peoria County, Illinois
(County Seat: Peoria)
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