PeopleSoft

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PeopleSoft, Inc. was a software company that provided HRMS (human resource management), CRM (customer relationship management), Manufacturing, Financials, EPM (Enterprise Performance Management) and Student Administration software solutions to large corporations, governments, and organizations. Founded in 1987 by David Duffield and Ken Morris, and headquartered in Pleasanton, California, PeopleSoft's roots began with an idea Duffield had about a "Client-Server" (then a new concept) version of Integral Systems's popular mainframe HRMS package. Once Integral declined development and released Duffield to pursue this endeavor on his own, PeopleSoft was born. In 2003, when PeopleSoft acquired J.D. Edwards, it decided to differentiate its former product line with those of Edwards by renaming both products. PeopleSoft's original flagship product was rebranded as PeopleSoft Enterprise. J.D. Edwards' ERP product was rebranded as PeopleSoft EnterpriseOne. In January 2005, PeopleSoft was acquired in a hostile takeover by the Oracle Corporation. This takeover was resisted by PeopleSoft but Oracle overcame the legal challenge and after the approved merger, PeopleSoft ceased to be an independent company, although its products continue to be used by thousands of companies.

Both the Enterprise and EnterpriseOne products are considered ERP systems and modularized into specific components: HRMS (including payroll, human resources, benefits, etc.), Financials (including Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, General Ledger, Asset Management, EPM, etc), Manufacturing (including inventory, purchasing, billing, order management, production management, cost management), Student Administration, and CRM (including helpdesk, support, and sales). PeopleSoft is well known for its ability to be easily "customized," or tailor-made, to fit the specific business needs of each client, while still being generic enough to meet corporate and governmental tracking requirements. Its detractors decry the frequent bugs found in the system, which required patches and fixes. PeopleSoft — like most large software companies — spawned an industry-within-an-industry of PeopleSoft consulting, the implementation and maintenance of the product.

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[edit] Product design

The whole software suite of PeopleSoft moved from the traditional client-server based design to web-centric design, called PeopleSoft Internet Architecture(PIA) with their version 8 releases. The end result was that all of a company's business functions could be accessed and run on a web client (typically Internet Explorer). A small number of security and system setup functions, though, still needed to be performed on a fat client machine. The inherent nature of Internet based applications allowed for a straightforward transition from a client-server model. One important feature of PeopleSoft's PIA is that no code is required on the client - there is no need for additional downloads of plugins, or JVMs such as the Jinitiator required for Oracle Applications.

The architecture is built around PeopleSoft’s own PeopleTools technology. PeopleTools is a proprietary development platform created by PeopleSoft. This platform includes many different components a developer theoretically needs to create an application including a scripting language, design tools to define various types of metadata, standard security structure, and batch processing tools. The metadata describes data for user interfaces, tables, messages, security, navigation, portals, and so forth. The benefit of creating their own development platform allowed PeopleSoft applications to run on top of many different operating systems and database platforms, yet still maintain a loyal customer base by locking in their application to a proprietary development model. It is not tied to a single database platform (though with the Oracle takeover, it is possible this could change in the future). PeopleSoft implementations exist on Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Informix, Sybase, and IBM DB2.

All of PeopleSoft’s modules (Human Resources, Supply Chain, Financials, CRM, etc.) are built with the PeopleTools technology. A benefit of the technology is that all the code which makes up a module can be customized to suit the owner’s business needs.

[edit] J.D. Edwards

In 2003, PeopleSoft performed a friendly merger with smaller rival J.D. Edwards software. The former rival's similar product line was differentiated by its target audience, mid-sized companies who could not hope to afford the original PeopleSoft applications. The merger provided a unique synergy for the newly-combined company. J.D. Edwards product lines, formerly J.D. Edwards World on the AS/400 and OneWorld was and continues to be differentiated by its Configurable Network Architecture or CNC Architecture. This architecture is designed to shield applications from both the operating system of the database backend servers as long as some flavour of the SQL language is used. Thus, IBM's DB2/UDB, Microsoft's SQL 2000 and Oracle's databases are supported. J.D. Edwards also continued to support thousands of customers on AS/400s running its original J.D. Edwards World or WorldSoft" product.

Likewise servers can run on a host of operating systems including Linux, Windows and IBM's AS/400 operating system. J.D. Edwards was and continues to be designed for the mid-sized companies running a variety of hardware platforms, including IBM AS/400, HP, UNIX, and Windows, as well as various database systems, like Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and IBM DB2. In addition, PeopleSoft remains committed to supporting J.D. Edwards's original AS/400-based World software, also called WorldSoft, the old-style "green screen" application — the same application which drove Duffield to branch out and create PeopleSoft in the first place.

[edit] Oracle Corporation

Beginning in 2003, PeopleSoft battled with Oracle over control of the PeopleSoft company. In June 2003, Oracle made a $7 billion bid ($19.50/share) in a hostile corporate takeover attempt. In February 2004, Oracle increased their bid to approximately $9.4 billion ($26/share), a 33% increase; this offer was also rejected forthwith by PeopleSoft's board of directors. Later that month, the U.S. Department of Justice filed suit to block Oracle, on the grounds that the acquisition would break anti-trust laws; however, in September 2004, the suit was rejected by a U.S. Federal judge, who found that the Justice Department had not proven its anti-trust case; in October, the same decision was handed down by the European Commission. Though Oracle had reduced its offer to $7.7 billion ($21/share) in May, it again raised its bid in November to $9.4 billion ($24/share), marking a 14% increase.

In December 2004, Oracle announced that it signed a definitive merger agreement to acquire PeopleSoft for approximately $10.3 billion ($26.50/share). In January 2005, Oracle fired massive numbers of former PeopleSoft employees. Although these cuts affected about 9% of the 55,000 staff of the combined companies, they stated that they would maintain at least 90% of PeopleSoft's product development and support staff, at least for the time being.

PeopleSoft is merged with Oracle and a new product Fusion is to be released by Oracle in the near future.

Oracle says Fusion will take the best aspects of the PeopleSoft, JD Edwards and Oracle Applications and merge them into a new product suite.

Oracle is, however, offering to maintain support for the existing Oracle and PeopleSoft product lines for customers who wish to continue with what they have. The line they are taking appears to be an attempt to prevent customer defections to rival ERP vendors by making it attractive to retain current applications or move to Fusion when appropriate.

[edit] PeopleSoft in use

PeopleSoft software has been successfully implemented by many of its customers. However, perhaps as the problem it attempts to solve is at once so very crucial and difficult, there have been situations leading to litigation. As with any ERP software, the implementation process (including analysis, planning and development), performance (load) testing and various other types of software testing is absolutely critical towards the success of the project.

Although Student Admininstration and Higher Education systems make up only a small proportion of the Company's user base, they seem to have attracted a degree of adverse comment.


In 1997, Cleveland State University licensed PeopleSoft's software for tracking student records. They initially had an implementation partner, Kaludis Consulting Group Inc. After seven years of difficulties, CSU sued - initially naming Kaludis, but later (after Kaludis countersued) naming PeopleSoft as the main defendant and including Kaludis. The suit was for $510 million, claiming breach of contract, fraud, negligent misrepresentation and four other counts. The university claimed that software developed by PeopleSoft was missing specified features, and as a result caused disruption to their admissions process. PeopleSoft claimed that they had followed industry best practices. Court documents available online show the case was settled in 2005. The settlement agreement mentions a payment from Kaludis to CSU, as part of the settlement. There is no mention of any payment by PeopleSoft.

In December 1999, seven of the eight "Big Ten" Midwestern universities which licensed PeopleSoft's software wrote a joint, open letter to the PeopleSoft CEO complaining about quality and performance issues.

The California State University system adopted PeopleSoft in the early 2000s. The university spent $500 million on this system in a process so deficient that it resulted in an investigation and a rebuke by the state legislature. The Report of the California State Auditor criticised the University, amongst other things, for not having a business case for the implementation. When asked why it never conducted a formal return-on investment analysis on the CMS project, the university explained that the magnitude of potential savings estimated by its consultants, IBM and Pacific Partners Consulting Group (Pacific Partners), led them to believe that such a formal analysis was unnecessary.

[edit] PeopleCode

PeopleCode is an (ool) object-oriented proprietary language used to express business logic for PeopleSoft applications. In its fundamentals, PeopleCode syntax resembles other programming languages. Some aspects of the PeopleCode language, however, are specifically related to the PeopleTools environment. Definition name references, for example, enable you to refer to PeopleTools definitions, such as record definitions or pages, without using hard-coded string literals. Other language features, such as PeopleCode data types and metastrings, reflect the close interaction of PeopleTools and Structured Query Language (SQL). Dot notation, classes and methods in PeopleCode are similar to other object oriented languages, like Java.

[edit] PeopleSoft Timeline

  • 1987: PeopleSoft, Inc. founded by David Duffield and Ken Morris in California, USA.
  • 1988: PeopleSoft HRMS released.
  • 1991: Begins opening international offices.
  • 1994: Public distribution of Distribution and Financials modules.
  • 1995: Launch of Student Administration System.
  • 1996: Releases Manufacturing and PeopleSoft 6, their first ERP package.
  • 1997: PeopleSoft 7 is released within upgraded ERP modules.
  • 1998: PeopleSoft 7.5 is released with improved client/server technology.
  • 1999: Craig Conway named new CEO; release products to enable Internet transactions.
  • 2000: Acquired Vantive Corporation.
  • 2000: Deliver PeopleSoft 8 with an in-house application service provider.
  • 2003: Acquired J.D. Edwards
  • 2005: Acquired by Oracle Corporation.

[edit] External links

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