User:Pengo/taxotest

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Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC Conservation status Least Concern Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLR/lc+iucn2.3 Conservation status Least concern (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC+iucn3.1 Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC+text Conservation status Least Concern (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX Conservation status Extinct Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+iucn2.3 Conservation status Extinct (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+iucn3.1 Conservation status Extinct (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+year Conservation status Extinct  (2006) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGX Conservation status Presumed Extinct Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGX+TNC Conservation status Presumed Extinct (TNC) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGX+year Conservation status Presumed Extinct  (2005) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGX+TNC+year Conservation status Presumed Extinct  (2006) (TNC) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEW Conservation status Extinct in the wild Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEW+iucn2.3 Conservation status Extinct in the wild (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEW+iucn3.1 Conservation status Extinct in the wild (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEW+text Conservation status Extinct in the wild (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGW Conservation status Presumed Extinct Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGW+TNC Conservation status Presumed Extinct (TNC) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG1 Conservation status Critically Imperiled Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG1+TNC Conservation status Critically Imperiled (TNC) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC+ref Conservation status Least Concern [1] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLR/lc+iucn2.3+ref Conservation status Least concern (IUCN) [2] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC+iucn3.1+ref Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN) [3] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLC+text+ref Conservation status Least Concern (See text) [4] Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+ref Conservation status Extinct [5] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+iucn2.3+ref Conservation status Extinct (IUCN) [6] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+iucn3.1+ref Conservation status Extinct (IUCN) [7] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+year+ref Conservation status Extinct  (2006) [8] Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG2 Conservation status Imperiled Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG2+TNC Conservation status Imperiled (TNC) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG3 Conservation status Vulnerable Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG3+TNC Conservation status Vulnerable (TNC) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG5 Conservation status Apparently Secure Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG5+TNC Conservation status Apparently Secure (TNC) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG5 Conservation status Secure Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG5+TNC Conservation status Secure (TNC) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGH Conservation status Possibly Extinct Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGH+TNC Conservation status Possibly Extinct (TNC) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGH+ref Conservation status Possibly Extinct [9] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngG3+TNC+ref Conservation status Possibly Extinct (TNC) [10] Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngNT Conservation status Near Threatened Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngNT+iucn2.3 Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngNT+iucn3.1 Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLR/nt+iucn2.3 Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCD Conservation status Conservation Dependent Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCD+iucn2.3 Conservation status Conservation Dependent (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCD+text Conservation status Conservation Dependent (See text) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLR/cd+iucn2.3 Conservation status Conservation Dependent (IUCN) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngVU Conservation status Vulnerable Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngVU+iucn2.3 Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngVU+iucn3.1 Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngVU+iucn2.3+text Conservation status Vulnerable (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEN Conservation status Endangered Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEN+iucn2.3 Conservation status Endangered (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEN+iucn3.1 Conservation status Endangered (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEN+iucn2.3+text Conservation status Endangered (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCR Conservation status Critically endangered Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCR+iucn2.3 Conservation status Critically endangered (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCR+iucn3.1 Conservation status Critically endangered (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCR+iucn2.3+text Conservation status Critically endangered (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCITES_A1 Conservation status Appendix I Threatened with extinction Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCITES_A1+CITES Conservation status Appendix I Threatened with extinction (CITES) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCITES_A1+text+ref Conservation status Appendix I Threatened with extinction (See text) [11] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCITES_A1+CITES+text+ref Conservation status Appendix I Threatened with extinction (See text) [12] Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+ESA Conservation status Extinct (ESA) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEX+ESA+text Conservation status Extinct (See text) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLE Conservation status Endangered (ESA) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLE+ESA Conservation status Endangered (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLT+ESA Conservation status Threatened (ESA) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLT+ESA+text Conservation status Threatened (See text) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngDL+ESA Conservation status Delisted (ESA) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngDelisted+ESA+text Conservation status Delisted (See text) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCustom Conservation status Custom status Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCustom+text Conservation status Custom status (See text) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCustom+text+ref Conservation status Custom status (See text) [13] Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCustom + IUCN Conservation status Custom status (IUCN) Scientific classification
Image:How to read a taxobox.pngPE Conservation status Critically endangered, possibly extinct Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngPE+iucn2.3 Conservation status Critically endangered, possibly extinct (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngPE+iucn3.1 Conservation status Critically endangered, possibly extinct (IUCN) Scientific classification	Image:How to read a taxobox.pngPE+text Conservation status Critically endangered, possibly extinct (See text) Scientific classification

Should be broken

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngCD+iucn3.1 (should break) Conservation status Image:Status iucn3.1 CD.svg Conservation Dependent (IUCN) Scientific classification

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGreen green-blooded skink (no cons status)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Sauria Family: Scincidae Genus: Prasinohaema Species: P. virens
Binomial name
Prasinohaema virens

The Green green-blooded skink or Green Tree Skink, Prasinohaema virens, is a scincid lizard species native to New Guinea. The species is poorly studied^[14] and the species' risk of extinction has not been evaluated by the World Conservation Union, and does not appear in any CITES appendix.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGogonasus (range and status) Fossil range: Late Devonian
Conservation status
Extinct (fossil)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Sarcopterygii Infraclass: Tetrapodomorpha Superorder:  ?Osteolepidida Order:  ?Osteolepiformes Family:  ?Osteolepidae Genus: Gogonasus Long, 1985 Species: G. andrewsae
Binomial name
Gogonasus andrewsae Long, 1985

Gogonasus (meaning "snout from Gogo") was a lobe-finned fish known from 380 million-year-old fossils found in Western Australia. It lived in the late Devonian period, on what was once a 1400 kilometre coral reef off the Kimberley coast surrounding the north-west of Australia. Its skeleton shows several features that were like those of a four-legged land animal (tetrapod). They included the structure of its middle ear, and its fins show the precursors of the forearm bones, the radius and ulna. Researchers believe it used its formarm-like fins to dart out of the reef to catch sea slugs.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngTiktaalik (fossil range only) Fossil range: Devonian
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Sarcopterygii Subclass: Tetrapodomorpha Genus: Tiktaalik Species: T. roseae
Binomial name
Tiktaalik roseae Daeschler, Shubin & Jenkins, 2006

Tiktaalik (IPA pronunciation: [tikta:lik]) is a genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned) fishes from the late Devonian period, with many features akin to those of tetrapods (four-legged animals) ^[15]. It is an example from several lines of ancient sarcopterygian fish developing adaptations to oxygen-poor shallow-water habitats at that time ^[16], which led to the evolution of amphibians. Excellent fossils were found in 2004 on Ellesmere Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngPanderichthys (status only, no fossil range)
Panderichthys
Conservation status
Extinct (fossil)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Sarcopterygii Order: Panderichthyida Family: Panderichthyidae Genus: Panderichthys
Binomial name
Panderichthys rhombolepis Gross, 1941

Panderichthys is a 90–130 cm long fish from the Late Devonian period . It has a large tetrapod-like head. Panderichthys exhibits transitional features between lobe-finned fishes and early tetrapods such as Acanthostega. The evolution from fish to land dwelling tetrapods required many changes in physiology, most importantly the legs and their supporting structure, the girdles. Well preserved fossils of Panderichthys clearly show these transitional forms^[1], making Panderichthys a rare and important find in the history of life.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngSmilodon fatalis old template style status
Conservation status
Extinct (fossil)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Subfamily: Machairodontinae Genus: Smilodon Species: S. fatalis
Binomial name
Smilodon fatalis (Leidy, 1869)

Smilodon fatalis ("the deadly Smilodon") is possibly the best-known of the machairodontine saber-toothed cats. It appeared in North America about 1.6 million years ago and later migrated down the west coast of the continent to Peru. It became extinct around 10,000 years ago. Smilodon fatalis ranged in weight from 300 to 450 lb (130 to 200 kg) and ranged in height from 39 to 47 inches (1 to 1.2 m).

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngRing-tailed Lemur
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Lemuridae Genus: Lemur Linnaeus, 1758 Species: L. catta
Binomial name
Lemur catta Linnaeus, 1758

The Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) is a large prosimian, a lemur belonging to the family Lemuridae. The Ring-tailed Lemur is the only species within the monotypic genus Lemur and, like all other lemurs, is found only on the island of Madagascar.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngRyukyu Wood-pigeon
Conservation status
Extinct  (late 1930s)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae Genus: Columba Species: C. jouyi
Binomial name
Columba jouyi (Stejneger, 1887)
Synonyms
Janthoenas jouyi Stejneger, 1887 Carpophaga janthina Seebohm, 1887 (partim)

The Ryukyu Wood-pigeon (Columba jouyi), otherwise known as the Silver-banded or Silver-crescented Pigeon is an extinct species of pigeon that was endemic to islands in the Okinawa archipelago south-west of the Japanese mainland. In the Okinawa group, it has been recorded from Iheyajima, Izenajima, Okinawa proper and the nearby islet Yagachijima. In the Kerama Retto to the west of Okinawa, it was found on Zamamijima, whereas in the Daitō group, some 300 km to the SE of Okinawa, it occurred on both major islets, Kita Daitōjima and Minami Daitōjima. In earlier times, it was most likely also found on other islands near Okinawa, such as Iejima. The species' scientific name honors Stejneger's friend, the specimen collector Pierre Louis Jouy.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngWollemia
Young specimen in a botanical garden protected from theft by a steel cage
Conservation status
Critically endangered (IUCN)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Araucariaceae Genus: Wollemia Species: W. nobilis
Binomial name
Wollemia nobilis W.G.Jones, K.D.Hill & J.M.Allen

The Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis) is a coniferous tree that was discovered in 1994 in a remote series of narrow, steep-sided sandstone gorges in a mild temperate-zone rainforest wilderness area of the Wollemi National Park in New South Wales, 150 km north-west of Sydney.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngOrca Fossil range: Early Pliocene - Recent
A male orca with its characteristic tall dorsal fin swims in the waters near Tysfjord, Norway Size comparison against an average human
Conservation status
Conservation Dependent [17]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Cetacea Suborder: Odontoceti Family: Delphinidae Genus: Orcinus Species: O. orca
Binomial name
Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758
Orca range (in blue)

The Orca or Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) is the largest species of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). They are sometimes referred to as blackfish, a group including pilot whales, pygmy and false killer whales, and melon-headed whales. It is the second-most widely distributed mammal on Earth (after humans) and is found in all the world's oceans, from the frigid Arctic regions to warm, tropical seas. It is also a versatile predator, eating fish, sea turtles, seabirds, pinnipeds, elasmobranchs, sirenians and even other cetaceans. This puts the orca at the pinnacle of the marine food chain. Orcas have been known to attack baleen whales, in particular gray and Blue whales.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngEungella Torrent Frog
Conservation status
Critically endangered
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Amphibia Order: Anura Family: Myobatrachidae Genus: Taudactylus Species: T. eungellensis
Binomial name
Taudactylus eungellensis Liem & Hosmer, 1973
Range of the Eungella Torrent Frog

The Eungella Torrent Frog (Taudactylus eungellensis) is a species of stream dwelling frog endemic to Australia. It is restricted to ranges west of Mackay in mid-eastern Queensland.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngLeadbeater's Possum
Conservation status
Endangered (IUCN)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Infraclass: Marsupialia Order: Diprotodontia Family: Petauridae Genus: Gymnobelideus Species: G. leadbeateri
Binomial name
Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867

Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is an endangered possum restricted to small pockets of remaining old growth Mountain Ash forests in the cool, misty highlands of Victoria, Australia. Leadbeater's Possums can be moderately common within the very small areas they inhabit: their requirement for year-round food supplies and tree-holes to take refuge in during the day restricts them to mixed-age wet sclerophyll forest with a dense mid-story of Acacia. It is the only species in the Gymnobelideus genus.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngRock Pigeon
Rock Pigeon near the shore in Connecticut
Conservation status
Least Concern
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae Genus: Columba Species: C. livia
Binomial name
Columba livia Gmelin, 1789

The Rock Pigeon (Columba livia), is a member of the bird family Columbidae, doves and pigeons. The bird is also known by the names of feral pigeon or domestic pigeon. In common usage, this bird is often simply referred to as the "pigeon". The species was commonly known as Rock Dove until the British Ornithologists' Union and the American Ornithologists' Union changed the official English name of the bird in their regions to Rock Pigeon.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngJuniperus communis
Juniperus communis subsp. communis in The Netherlands
Conservation status
Least concern
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Cupressaceae Genus: Juniperus Species: J. communis
Binomial name
Juniperus communis L.

Juniperus communis, the Common Juniper, is a species in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae. It has the largest range of any woody plant, throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic south in mountains to around 30°N latitude in North America, Europe and Asia.

Image:How to read a taxobox.pngGolden Toad
Conservation status
Extinct  (1989)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Amphibia Order: Anura Family: Bufonidae Genus: Bufo Species: B. periglenes
Binomial name
Bufo periglenes Savage, 1966

The Golden Toad (Bufo periglenes) was a small, shiny, bright-orange toad that was once abundant in a small region high-altitude cloud-covered tropical forests, about 30 square kilometers in area, above the city of Monteverde, Costa Rica. For this reason, it is sometimes also called the Monteverde Golden Toad, or the Monte Verde Toad. Other common English names include Alajuela Toad and Orange Toad. They were described in 1966 by the herpetologist Jay Savage.^[18] Since 1989, not a single Golden Toad has been seen anywhere in the world, and it is classified by the IUCN as an extinct species.^[19] Its extinction is cited as part of the decline in amphibian populations, and attributed to climate change due to global warming.^[20]

Wollemia is an evergreen tree reaching 25–40 m tall. The bark is very distinctive, dark brown and knobbly, quoted as resembling chocolate-coated Rice Krispies. The tree coppices readily, and most specimens comprise multi-trunk clumps of trunks thought to derive from old coppice growth. The branching is unique in that nearly all the side branches never have further branching. After a few years, each branch either terminates in a cone (either male or female) or ceases growth. After this, or the cone becomes mature, the branch dies. New branches then arise from dormant buds on the main trunk. Rarely, a side branch will turn erect and develop into a secondary trunk, which then bears a new set of side branches.

The leaves are flat linear, 3–8 cm long and 2–5 mm broad. They are arranged spirally on the shoot but twisted at the base to appear in two or four flattened ranks. The seed cones are green, 6–12 cm long and 5–10 cm in diameter, and mature about 18–20 months after pollination. They disintegrate at maturity to release the seeds. The male (pollen) cones are slender conic, 5–11 cm long and 1–2 cm broad.

[edit] Discovery

The discovery, on or about 10 September 1994, by David Noble, a field officer of the Wollemi National Park in Wentworth Falls, in the Blue Mountains, only occurred because of his adventurous bushwalking and rock climbing abilities. Luckily, he had good botanical knowledge and quickly recognised the trees as unusual and worthy of further investigation. Noble returned with specimens that he expected someone would be able to identify. However, it was soon found to be new to science. Further study would be needed to establish its relationship to other conifers. All that was at first suspected by the botanists was that it had certain characteristics of the 200-million-year-old family Araucariaceae, but was not the same as any living species in the family. For this reason the species is described as a living fossil.

Comparison with living and fossilised Araucariaceae proved that it was a member of that family, and it was placed into a new genus with the other extant genera Agathis and Araucaria. Fossils resembling Wollemia and possibly related to it are widespread in Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica, but Wollemia nobilis is the sole living member of its genus.

Fewer than a hundred trees are known to be growing wild, in three localities not far apart. Genetic testing has revealed that all the specimens are genetically indistinguishable, suggesting that the species has been through a genetic bottleneck in which its population became so low (possibly just one or two individuals) that all genetic variability was lost.

In November of 2005, wild-growing trees were found to be infected with Phytophthora cinnamomi. New South Wales park rangers believe the virulent fungus was introduced by unauthorised visitors to the site, whose location is still undisclosed to the public.

[edit] Cultivation and uses

A propagation programme has culminated with the Wollemi Pine commercially available in Australia from 1st April 2006. It will be commercially released in other countries during 2006. It may prove to be a valuable tree for ornament, either planted in open ground or for tubs and planters. It is also proving to be more adaptable and cold-hardy than its restricted subtropical distribution would suggest, tolerating temperatures between -5°C and 45°C, with reports that it can survive down to -12°C. It also handles both full sun and full shade. Like many other Australian trees, Wollemia is susceptible to the pathogenic fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi, so this may limit its potential as a timber tree.

[edit] External links and references

• Conifer Specialist Group (1998). Wollemia nobilis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Listed as Critically Endangered (CR D v2.3)
• Sydney Royal Botanic Gardens website gives facts and figures, ecology, biology.
• Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew's web page about the "Wollemi Pine"
• WollemiPine.com
• BBC News item 10 May 2005
• ABC-TV Science visits Wollemi Pines in the wild 19 May 2005