Pattern mining
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Pattern mining is the task of finding existing patterns in data. In this context patterns often means association rules. The original motivation for searching association rules came from the need to analyze supermarket transaction data, that is, to examine customer behaviour in terms of the purchased products. For example, an association rule "beer => chips (80%)" states that four out of five customers that bought beer also bought chips.
[edit] References
R. Agrawal et al., Fast discovery of association rules, In Advances in knowledge discovery and data mining pp. 307--328, MIT Press, 1996