Oskars Kalpaks
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| Oskars Kalpaks | |
|---|---|
| 6 January 1882 – 6 March 1919 | |
 |
|
| Place of birth | Meirānu county, Madona District, Latvia |
| Place of death | "Airītes", Zirņu county, Saldus District, Latvia |
| Allegiance | Imperial Russia |
| Years of service | 18 January 1903 – 6 March 1919 |
| Rank | Lieutenant Colonel (podpalkovnik), Imperial Russian Army |
| Unit | 183rd Pultusk Infantry Regiment
1st Latvian Independent Battalion ("Independence battalion") |
| Commands | 1st Latvian Independent Battalion |
| Awards | Cross of St. George, IV degree
Order of St. Anna, IV degree Lacplesis Military Order, I Class (posthumously) |
Oskars Kalpaks (January 6, 1882–March 6, 1919) was the commander of 1st Latvian Independent Battalion[1] – one of the first closed formations of newly established Latvian Armed Forces. Although never officially assigned to this rank or position[2], Kalpaks is regarded as the first Commander in Chief of Latvian Armed Forces[3] [4].
[edit] References
- ^ Also known as "Kalpaks Battalion". English translations may vary: "Latvian Separate Battalion" (Latvian: latviešu atsevišķais bataljons), "Independence Battalion" (Latvian: neatkarības bataljons).
- ^ Pursuant to order of Minister of Defense of Latvian Provisional government, on December 31, 1918 Lieutenant Colonel Kalpaks was assigned commander of all Latvian forces subordinated to Headquarters of Baltic Landeswehr.
Mugurēvičš, Ē. (1989). "Leģenda un vēsturiskā īstenība: Pulkveža Oskara Kalpaka (1882.-1919.) dzīves ceļš un cīņu gaitas.". Dzimtenes Balss Nr.20: 6.
Memoirs of Balodis J., Gen.(ret.) (1993). "Atmiņas par Latvijas nacionālās armijas gaitām Brīvības cīņās.". Dievturu Vēstnesis Nr.15: 41. - ^ see, for instance: Tēvijas Sargs, a journal of MoD; Latvian cinematography site; Svabe, Arveds (1949). The Story of Latvia - A Historical Survey, 39.
- ^ Unāms, Žanis (1975 (second edition, 1st edition 1939)). Es Viņu Pazīstu - LATVIEŠŪ BIOGRAFISKĀ VĀRDNĪCA (I Know Them - LATVIAN BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY). Raven Printing, 240.
